release: bump version to 0.55.0

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

.claude/commands/docs.md

@@ -46,6 +46,16 @@ rg -n "class |def |function |export |router|@router|interface |type " <path>
 - Keep filenames lowercase and hyphenated.
 - Apply the repository-specific rules file before writing.
 
+#### Document Audience Routing (Planet)
+
+In this repository, classify the action's performer before picking a target file:
+
+- Browser/UI end user → `docs/technical/{zh,en}/manual.md` or `quickstart.md`.
+- Shell / Docker / log paths / `planet.sh` / SMTP fallbacks / port forwarding → `docs/technical/{zh,en}/ops-runbook.md` (or an existing `ops-*.md`).
+- Second-party developers → existing `*-context.md` / `backend-*.md` / `earth-*.md` files.
+
+Never put shell commands, log paths, or Docker operations into `manual.md` / `quickstart.md`. Never put UI button labels or screenshots into `ops-*.md`. When the same action has both a UI and a CLI path, write each in its own home and cross-link them with one sentence.
+
 For ambiguous or large documentation changes, briefly state the intended doc plan before editing. For clear small changes, proceed directly.
 
 ### Step 3 — Write

.dockerignore

@@ -2,9 +2,14 @@
 
 !pyproject.toml
 !uv.lock
+!VERSION
+!backend/
+!backend/**
 !aiprovider/
 !aiprovider/**
 
+backend/.env
+backend/.env.*
 aiprovider/.env
 aiprovider/.env.*
 !aiprovider/.env.example

.gitea/workflows/ci.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+name: ci
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - dev
+      - main
+  pull_request:
+
+env:
+  REGISTRY: gitea.rclaw.top
+  IMAGE_NAMESPACE: linkong/planet
+
+jobs:
+  backend:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Install uv
+        run: curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/uv/install.sh | sh
+      - name: Sync Python dependencies
+        run: ~/.local/bin/uv sync --group dev
+      - name: Run backend smoke tests
+        working-directory: backend
+        run: PYTHONPATH=. "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/.venv/bin/python" -m pytest -s tests/test_api.py tests/test_realtime_sources.py -q
+
+  frontend:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Install Bun
+        run: curl -fsSL https://bun.sh/install | bash
+      - name: Build frontend
+        working-directory: frontend
+        run: |
+          ~/.bun/bin/bun install --frozen-lockfile
+          ~/.bun/bin/bun run build
+
+  delivery:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs:
+      - backend
+      - frontend
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Install Helm
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p "$HOME/.local/bin"
+          curl -fsSL https://get.helm.sh/helm-v3.15.4-linux-amd64.tar.gz -o /tmp/helm.tar.gz
+          tar -xzf /tmp/helm.tar.gz -C /tmp
+          mv /tmp/linux-amd64/helm "$HOME/.local/bin/helm"
+          echo "$HOME/.local/bin" >> "$GITHUB_PATH"
+      - name: Docker build smoke
+        run: |
+          docker build -t "$REGISTRY/$IMAGE_NAMESPACE/frontend:${GITHUB_SHA}" ./frontend
+          docker build -t "$REGISTRY/$IMAGE_NAMESPACE/backend:${GITHUB_SHA}" -f backend/Dockerfile .
+          docker build -t "$REGISTRY/$IMAGE_NAMESPACE/aiprovider:${GITHUB_SHA}" -f aiprovider/Dockerfile .
+      - name: Helm template smoke
+        run: |
+          helm lint deploy/helm/planet
+          helm template planet-staging deploy/helm/planet \
+            --namespace planet-staging \
+            -f deploy/helm/planet/values.single-node.yaml \
+            --set image.tag="${GITHUB_SHA}" >/tmp/planet-rendered.yaml

.gitea/workflows/deploy-staging.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+name: deploy-staging
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+
+env:
+  REGISTRY: gitea.rclaw.top
+  IMAGE_NAMESPACE: linkong/planet
+  RELEASE_NAME: planet-staging
+  NAMESPACE: planet-staging
+
+jobs:
+  deploy:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Install deploy tools
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p "$HOME/.local/bin"
+          curl -fsSL https://get.helm.sh/helm-v3.15.4-linux-amd64.tar.gz -o /tmp/helm.tar.gz
+          tar -xzf /tmp/helm.tar.gz -C /tmp
+          mv /tmp/linux-amd64/helm "$HOME/.local/bin/helm"
+          curl -fsSL https://dl.k8s.io/release/v1.30.5/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl -o /tmp/kubectl
+          install -m 0755 /tmp/kubectl "$HOME/.local/bin/kubectl"
+          echo "$HOME/.local/bin" >> "$GITHUB_PATH"
+      - name: Configure kubeconfig
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p "$HOME/.kube"
+          printf "%s" "${{ secrets.KUBE_CONFIG_STAGING }}" | base64 -d > "$HOME/.kube/config"
+          chmod 600 "$HOME/.kube/config"
+      - name: Deploy Helm release
+        run: |
+          kubectl create namespace "$NAMESPACE" --dry-run=client -o yaml | kubectl apply -f -
+          helm upgrade --install "$RELEASE_NAME" deploy/helm/planet \
+            --namespace "$NAMESPACE" \
+            -f deploy/helm/planet/values.single-node.yaml \
+            --set global.imageRegistry="$REGISTRY" \
+            --set global.imageNamespace="$IMAGE_NAMESPACE" \
+            --set image.tag="${GITHUB_SHA}"
+      - name: Wait for rollout
+        run: |
+          kubectl rollout status deployment/planet-frontend -n "$NAMESPACE" --timeout=180s
+          kubectl rollout status deployment/planet-backend -n "$NAMESPACE" --timeout=180s
+          kubectl rollout status deployment/planet-aiprovider -n "$NAMESPACE" --timeout=180s
+      - name: Smoke test services
+        run: |
+          kubectl run planet-smoke-${GITHUB_RUN_NUMBER} \
+            --rm -i --restart=Never \
+            --namespace "$NAMESPACE" \
+            --image=curlimages/curl:8.11.1 \
+            --command -- sh -c '
+              set -eu
+              curl -fsS http://planet-frontend:3000/ >/dev/null
+              curl -fsS http://planet-frontend:3000/health >/dev/null
+              curl -fsS http://planet-frontend:3000/api/health >/dev/null
+              curl -fsS http://planet-backend:8000/health >/dev/null
+              curl -fsS http://planet-aiprovider:8010/health >/dev/null
+            '
+      - name: Collect diagnostics on failure
+        if: failure()
+        run: |
+          kubectl get all -n "$NAMESPACE" -o wide || true
+          kubectl describe pods -n "$NAMESPACE" || true
+          kubectl logs -n "$NAMESPACE" -l app.kubernetes.io/instance="$RELEASE_NAME" --all-containers --tail=200 || true

.gitea/workflows/release.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+name: release
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+    tags:
+      - "v*"
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+env:
+  REGISTRY: gitea.rclaw.top
+  IMAGE_NAMESPACE: linkong/planet
+
+jobs:
+  images:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Resolve image tags
+        id: meta
+        run: |
+          echo "sha_tag=${GITHUB_SHA}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          if printf "%s" "${GITHUB_REF}" | grep -q '^refs/tags/v'; then
+            echo "release_tag=${GITHUB_REF_NAME}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          else
+            echo "release_tag=" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          fi
+      - name: Login to registry
+        run: echo "${{ secrets.REGISTRY_PASSWORD }}" | docker login "$REGISTRY" -u "${{ secrets.REGISTRY_USER }}" --password-stdin
+      - name: Build and push images
+        run: |
+          for service in frontend backend aiprovider; do
+            case "$service" in
+              frontend)
+                dockerfile="./frontend/Dockerfile"
+                context="./frontend"
+                ;;
+              backend)
+                dockerfile="backend/Dockerfile"
+                context="."
+                ;;
+              aiprovider)
+                dockerfile="aiprovider/Dockerfile"
+                context="."
+                ;;
+            esac
+
+            image="$REGISTRY/$IMAGE_NAMESPACE/$service:${{ steps.meta.outputs.sha_tag }}"
+            docker build -t "$image" -f "$dockerfile" "$context"
+            docker push "$image"
+
+            if [ -n "${{ steps.meta.outputs.release_tag }}" ]; then
+              release_image="$REGISTRY/$IMAGE_NAMESPACE/$service:${{ steps.meta.outputs.release_tag }}"
+              docker tag "$image" "$release_image"
+              docker push "$release_image"
+            fi
+          done

README.md

@@ -236,6 +236,8 @@ bun run build
 
 推荐按下面顺序排查和配置。
 
+端口占用、`iphlpsvc` / portproxy、摄像头和依赖问题的集中排障入口见 [常见问题](/home/ray/dev/linkong/planet/docs/technical/zh/faq.md)。
+
 ### 1. 在 WSL 中启动服务
 
 ```bash
@@ -363,7 +365,7 @@ DATABASE_RETRY_INTERVAL=10 \
 - `AI_PROVIDER_START_MAX_RETRIES` / `AI_PROVIDER_RETRY_INTERVAL`: 控制 `aiprovider` 的构建/启动与容器重启自愈，默认 `3` 次、`5` 秒
 - `BACKEND_MAX_RETRIES`: 控制后端进程启动重试次数，默认 `3`
 - `FRONTEND_MAX_RETRIES`: 控制前端 dev server 启动重试次数，默认 `3`
-- `BACKEND_HEALTH_CHECK_ATTEMPTS` / `BACKEND_HEALTH_CHECK_INTERVAL`: 控制后端 HTTP 健康检查等待次数与间隔，默认 `10` 次、`2` 秒
+- `BACKEND_HEALTH_CHECK_ATTEMPTS` / `BACKEND_HEALTH_CHECK_INTERVAL`: 控制后端 HTTP 健康检查等待次数与间隔，默认 `60` 次、`2` 秒
 - `FRONTEND_HEALTH_CHECK_ATTEMPTS` / `FRONTEND_HEALTH_CHECK_INTERVAL`: 控制前端 HTTP 可访问检查等待次数与间隔，默认 `10` 次、`2` 秒
 - `AI_PROVIDER_HEALTH_CHECK_ATTEMPTS` / `AI_PROVIDER_HEALTH_CHECK_INTERVAL`: 控制 `aiprovider` HTTP 健康检查等待次数与间隔，默认 `10` 次、`2` 秒
 

VERSION

@@ -1 +1 @@
-0.48.0
+0.55.0

aiprovider/.env.example

@@ -32,6 +32,15 @@ AI_API_KEY=sk-cp-change-me
 AI_MAX_TOKENS=1200
 AI_ANTHROPIC_VERSION=2023-06-01
 
+# Optional provider-specific keys used by Settings fallback before AI_API_KEY
+# MINIMAX_API_KEY=sk-cp-change-me
+# OPENAI_API_KEY=sk-change-me
+# ANTHROPIC_API_KEY=sk-ant-change-me
+# DEEPSEEK_API_KEY=sk-change-me
+# DASHSCOPE_API_KEY=sk-change-me
+# MOONSHOT_API_KEY=sk-change-me
+# OPENROUTER_API_KEY=sk-or-change-me
+
 # OpenAI-compatible example (vLLM / LM Studio / One API / local gateway)
 # AI_PROVIDER=openai
 # AI_PROVIDER_API=openai-completions

aiprovider/Dockerfile

@@ -27,4 +27,7 @@ COPY aiprovider /app/aiprovider
 
 EXPOSE 8010
 
-CMD ["uv", "run", "--frozen", "--no-dev", "--project", "/app", "python", "-m", "uvicorn", "aiprovider.main:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "8010", "--reload"]
+HEALTHCHECK --interval=30s --timeout=5s --retries=3 \
+    CMD curl -fsS http://127.0.0.1:8010/health >/dev/null || exit 1
+
+CMD ["uv", "run", "--frozen", "--no-dev", "--project", "/app", "python", "-m", "uvicorn", "aiprovider.main:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "8010"]

backend/Dockerfile

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ ENV PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE=1
 ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1
 ENV UV_COMPILE_BYTECODE=1
 ENV UV_LINK_MODE=copy
+ENV PYTHONPATH=/app/backend
 
 RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
     curl \
@@ -25,4 +26,7 @@ COPY VERSION /app/VERSION
 
 EXPOSE 8000
 
-CMD ["uv", "run", "--frozen", "--no-dev", "--project", "/app", "python", "-m", "uvicorn", "app.main:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "8000", "--reload"]
+HEALTHCHECK --interval=30s --timeout=5s --retries=3 \
+    CMD curl -fsS http://127.0.0.1:8000/health >/dev/null || exit 1
+
+CMD ["uv", "run", "--frozen", "--no-dev", "--project", "/app", "python", "-m", "uvicorn", "app.main:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "8000"]

backend/app/api/main.py

@@ -5,16 +5,20 @@ from app.api.v1 import (
     users,
     datasource_config,
     datasources,
+    docs,
     tasks,
     dashboard,
-    websocket,
     alerts,
     settings,
     collected_data,
+    data_products,
+    layers,
     visualization,
     vessel_aggregation,
+    vessels,
     bgp,
     news,
+    realtime_sources,
     system_control,
     tv,
 )
@@ -29,17 +33,22 @@ api_router.include_router(
 )
 api_router.include_router(datasources.router, prefix="/datasources", tags=["datasources"])
 api_router.include_router(collected_data.router, prefix="/collected", tags=["collected-data"])
+api_router.include_router(docs.router, prefix="/docs", tags=["docs"])
 api_router.include_router(tasks.router, prefix="/tasks", tags=["tasks"])
 api_router.include_router(dashboard.router, prefix="/dashboard", tags=["dashboard"])
 api_router.include_router(alerts.router, prefix="/alerts", tags=["alerts"])
 api_router.include_router(settings.router, prefix="/settings", tags=["settings"])
 api_router.include_router(system_control.router, prefix="/system", tags=["system"])
+api_router.include_router(data_products.router, prefix="/data-products", tags=["data-products"])
+api_router.include_router(layers.router, prefix="/layers", tags=["layers"])
 api_router.include_router(visualization.router, prefix="/visualization", tags=["visualization"])
 api_router.include_router(
     vessel_aggregation.router,
     prefix="/vessel-aggregation",
     tags=["vessel-aggregation"],
 )
+api_router.include_router(vessels.router, prefix="/vessels", tags=["vessels"])
 api_router.include_router(bgp.router, prefix="/bgp", tags=["bgp"])
 api_router.include_router(tv.router, prefix="/tv", tags=["tv"])
 api_router.include_router(news.router, prefix="/news", tags=["news"])
+api_router.include_router(realtime_sources.router, prefix="/realtime-sources", tags=["realtime-sources"])

backend/app/api/v1/auth.py

@@ -1,26 +1,85 @@
-from datetime import timedelta
-
 from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, status
 from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordRequestForm
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from sqlalchemy import text
 
 from app.core.config import settings
+from app.core.logging import get_logger
 from app.core.security import (
     create_access_token,
     create_refresh_token,
-    blacklist_token,
     get_current_user,
+    get_password_hash,
     verify_password,
 )
 from app.db.session import get_db
 from app.models.user import User
 from app.schemas.token import Token
-from app.schemas.user import UserCreate, UserResponse
+from app.schemas.user import (
+    ForgotPasswordRequest,
+    ResendCodeRequest,
+    ResetPasswordRequest,
+    UserRegister,
+    UserResponse,
+    VerifyEmailRequest,
+)
+from app.services import otp
+from app.services.email import (
+    EmailError,
+    EmailNotConfiguredError,
+    send_verification_email,
+)
+
+logger = get_logger(__name__)
 
 router = APIRouter()
 
 
+def _token_response(user: User) -> dict:
+    access_token = create_access_token(data={"sub": user.id})
+    refresh = create_refresh_token(data={"sub": user.id})
+    expires_in = (
+        settings.ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES * 60
+        if settings.ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES > 0
+        else None
+    )
+    return {
+        "access_token": access_token,
+        "token_type": "bearer",
+        "expires_in": expires_in,
+        "refresh_token": refresh,
+        "user": {
+            "id": user.id,
+            "username": user.username,
+            "role": user.role,
+            "gatekeeper_groups": user.gatekeeper_groups or [],
+        },
+    }
+
+
+async def _load_user_by_email(db: AsyncSession, email: str) -> User | None:
+    result = await db.execute(
+        text(
+            "SELECT id, username, email, password_hash, role, is_active, gatekeeper_groups, email_verified "
+            "FROM users WHERE email = :email"
+        ),
+        {"email": email},
+    )
+    row = result.fetchone()
+    if row is None:
+        return None
+    user = User()
+    user.id = row[0]
+    user.username = row[1]
+    user.email = row[2]
+    user.password_hash = row[3]
+    user.role = row[4]
+    user.is_active = row[5]
+    user.gatekeeper_groups = row[6] or []
+    user.email_verified = bool(row[7])
+    return user
+
+
 @router.post("/login", response_model=Token)
 async def login(
     form_data: OAuth2PasswordRequestForm = Depends(),
@@ -28,7 +87,8 @@ async def login(
 ):
     result = await db.execute(
         text(
-            "SELECT id, username, email, password_hash, role, is_active FROM users WHERE username = :username"
+            "SELECT id, username, email, password_hash, role, is_active, gatekeeper_groups, email_verified "
+            "FROM users WHERE username = :username"
         ),
         {"username": form_data.username},
     )
@@ -46,6 +106,8 @@ async def login(
     user.password_hash = row[3]
     user.role = row[4]
     user.is_active = row[5]
+    user.gatekeeper_groups = row[6] or []
+    user.email_verified = bool(row[7])
 
     if not verify_password(form_data.password, user.password_hash):
         raise HTTPException(
@@ -57,24 +119,13 @@ async def login(
             status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
             detail="User is inactive",
         )
+    if not user.email_verified:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
+            detail={"code": "EMAIL_NOT_VERIFIED", "email": user.email},
+        )
 
-    access_token = create_access_token(data={"sub": user.id})
-    refresh_token = create_refresh_token(data={"sub": user.id})
-
-    expires_in = None
-    if settings.ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES > 0:
-        expires_in = settings.ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES * 60
-
-    return {
-        "access_token": access_token,
-        "token_type": "bearer",
-        "expires_in": expires_in,
-        "user": {
-            "id": user.id,
-            "username": user.username,
-            "role": user.role,
-        },
-    }
+    return _token_response(user)
 
 
 @router.post("/refresh", response_model=Token)
@@ -95,6 +146,7 @@ async def refresh_token(
             "id": current_user.id,
             "username": current_user.username,
             "role": current_user.role,
+            "gatekeeper_groups": current_user.gatekeeper_groups or [],
         },
     }
 
@@ -111,6 +163,181 @@ async def get_me(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user)):
         "username": current_user.username,
         "email": current_user.email,
         "role": current_user.role,
+        "gatekeeper_groups": current_user.gatekeeper_groups or [],
         "is_active": current_user.is_active,
+        "email_verified": getattr(current_user, "email_verified", True),
         "created_at": current_user.created_at,
     }
+
+
+async def _send_code_or_raise(db: AsyncSession, email: str, code: str, purpose: str) -> None:
+    try:
+        await send_verification_email(db, to=email, code=code, purpose=purpose)
+    except EmailNotConfiguredError as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_503_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE,
+            detail={"code": exc.code, "message": str(exc)},
+        ) from exc
+    except EmailError as exc:
+        logger.warning_event(
+            "SMTP send failed",
+            event="auth.email.send_failed",
+            context={"email": email, "purpose": purpose, "error": str(exc)},
+        )
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_502_BAD_GATEWAY,
+            detail={"code": exc.code, "message": str(exc)},
+        ) from exc
+
+
+@router.post("/register", status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
+async def register(payload: UserRegister, db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db)):
+    existing = await db.execute(
+        text("SELECT id, email_verified FROM users WHERE username = :u OR email = :e"),
+        {"u": payload.username, "e": payload.email},
+    )
+    row = existing.fetchone()
+    if row is not None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_409_CONFLICT,
+            detail={"code": "USER_ALREADY_EXISTS", "message": "Username or email already in use"},
+        )
+
+    user = User(
+        username=payload.username,
+        email=payload.email,
+        password_hash=get_password_hash(payload.password),
+        role="viewer",
+        is_active=True,
+        email_verified=False,
+    )
+    db.add(user)
+    await db.commit()
+
+    try:
+        code = otp.issue_code(payload.email, "register")
+    except otp.OtpResendRateLimited as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_429_TOO_MANY_REQUESTS,
+            detail={"code": exc.code, "retry_after_seconds": exc.retry_after_seconds},
+        ) from exc
+    await _send_code_or_raise(db, payload.email, code, "register")
+    return {"status": "pending_verification", "email": payload.email}
+
+
+@router.post("/verify-email", response_model=Token)
+async def verify_email(payload: VerifyEmailRequest, db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db)):
+    user = await _load_user_by_email(db, payload.email)
+    if user is None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
+            detail={"code": "USER_NOT_FOUND"},
+        )
+    try:
+        otp.verify_code(payload.email, "register", payload.code)
+    except otp.OtpExpired as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_410_GONE,
+            detail={"code": exc.code, "message": str(exc)},
+        ) from exc
+    except otp.OtpAttemptsExceeded as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_429_TOO_MANY_REQUESTS,
+            detail={"code": exc.code, "message": str(exc)},
+        ) from exc
+    except otp.OtpInvalid as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail={"code": exc.code, "message": str(exc)},
+        ) from exc
+
+    await db.execute(
+        text("UPDATE users SET email_verified = TRUE WHERE id = :id"),
+        {"id": user.id},
+    )
+    await db.commit()
+    user.email_verified = True
+    return _token_response(user)
+
+
+@router.post("/resend-code")
+async def resend_code(payload: ResendCodeRequest, db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db)):
+    user = await _load_user_by_email(db, payload.email)
+    if user is None:
+        # Avoid email enumeration; pretend success.
+        return {"status": "ok"}
+    if payload.purpose == "register" and user.email_verified:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_409_CONFLICT,
+            detail={"code": "ALREADY_VERIFIED"},
+        )
+    try:
+        code = otp.issue_code(payload.email, payload.purpose)
+    except otp.OtpResendRateLimited as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_429_TOO_MANY_REQUESTS,
+            detail={"code": exc.code, "retry_after_seconds": exc.retry_after_seconds},
+        ) from exc
+    await _send_code_or_raise(db, payload.email, code, payload.purpose)
+    return {"status": "ok"}
+
+
+@router.post("/forgot-password")
+async def forgot_password(payload: ForgotPasswordRequest, db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db)):
+    user = await _load_user_by_email(db, payload.email)
+    if user is None:
+        # Don't leak whether an email is registered.
+        return {"status": "ok"}
+    try:
+        code = otp.issue_code(payload.email, "reset_password")
+    except otp.OtpResendRateLimited:
+        # Silently accept; the user can retry after the cooldown.
+        return {"status": "ok"}
+    try:
+        await send_verification_email(db, to=payload.email, code=code, purpose="reset_password")
+    except EmailNotConfiguredError as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_503_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE,
+            detail={"code": exc.code, "message": str(exc)},
+        ) from exc
+    except EmailError as exc:
+        logger.warning_event(
+            "SMTP send failed",
+            event="auth.email.send_failed",
+            context={"email": payload.email, "purpose": "reset_password", "error": str(exc)},
+        )
+    return {"status": "ok"}
+
+
+@router.post("/reset-password")
+async def reset_password(payload: ResetPasswordRequest, db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db)):
+    user = await _load_user_by_email(db, payload.email)
+    if user is None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail={"code": "OTP_INVALID"},
+        )
+    try:
+        otp.verify_code(payload.email, "reset_password", payload.code)
+    except otp.OtpExpired as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_410_GONE,
+            detail={"code": exc.code, "message": str(exc)},
+        ) from exc
+    except otp.OtpAttemptsExceeded as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_429_TOO_MANY_REQUESTS,
+            detail={"code": exc.code, "message": str(exc)},
+        ) from exc
+    except otp.OtpInvalid as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail={"code": exc.code, "message": str(exc)},
+        ) from exc
+
+    await db.execute(
+        text("UPDATE users SET password_hash = :p, email_verified = TRUE WHERE id = :id"),
+        {"p": get_password_hash(payload.new_password), "id": user.id},
+    )
+    await db.commit()
+    return {"status": "ok"}

backend/app/api/v1/bgp.py

@@ -5,13 +5,26 @@ from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query
 from sqlalchemy import func, select
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
 from app.core.security import get_current_user
 from app.db.session import get_db
 from app.models.bgp_anomaly import BGPAnomaly
 from app.models.bgp_incident import BGPIncident
 from app.models.bgp_observation import BGPObservation
 from app.models.user import User
+from app.services.bgp_collector_locations import (
+    build_bgp_collector_location_query,
+    collect_bgp_collector_location_candidates,
+    get_bgp_collector_location_dict,
+)
 from app.services.bgp_collectors import build_bgp_collector_coverage
+from app.services.ai_client import get_ai_provider_client
+from app.api.v1.settings import get_web_search_client
+from app.services.location.llm_fallback import (
+    collect_llm_location_fallback_candidate,
+    collect_location_search_evidence,
+)
 
 router = APIRouter()
 
@@ -264,6 +277,119 @@ async def get_bgp_collector_summary(
     }
 
 
+class CollectBGPCollectorLocationRequest(BaseModel):
+    city: Optional[str] = None
+    country: Optional[str] = None
+    site: Optional[str] = None
+    operator: Optional[str] = None
+
+
+@router.post("/collectors/{collector_id}/collect-location")
+async def collect_bgp_collector_location(
+    collector_id: str,
+    payload: CollectBGPCollectorLocationRequest,
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+):
+    """Run the shared location pipeline for a BGP route collector.
+
+    Mirrors ``POST /api/v1/visualization/compute-centers/{source_id}/collect-location``.
+    Returns ranked candidates from source coordinates and Nominatim queries
+    built around the collector's stored context (IXP / city / country). Stored
+    collector locations provide context only; they are not emitted as
+    candidates.
+    """
+    if not collector_id or not collector_id.strip():
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="collector_id is required")
+
+    legacy = get_bgp_collector_location_dict(collector_id) or {}
+    site = payload.site or legacy.get("matched_location_name")
+    city = payload.city or legacy.get("city")
+    country = payload.country or legacy.get("country")
+    operator = payload.operator or "RIPE NCC"
+
+    candidates, attempted_queries = collect_bgp_collector_location_candidates(
+        collector=collector_id,
+        site=site,
+        city=city,
+        country=country,
+        operator=operator,
+    )
+    llm_failure_reason = None
+    if not candidates:
+        query = build_bgp_collector_location_query(
+            collector=collector_id,
+            site=site,
+            city=city,
+            country=country,
+            operator=operator,
+        )
+        llm_result = None
+        try:
+            web_search_client = await get_web_search_client(db)
+            search_result = await collect_location_search_evidence(
+                web_search_client=web_search_client,
+                query=query,
+                entity_type="bgp_collector",
+            )
+            attempted_queries = [*attempted_queries, *search_result.attempted_queries]
+            if not search_result.evidence:
+                llm_failure_reason = search_result.failure_reason
+                raise RuntimeError(search_result.failure_reason or "no WebSearch evidence")
+            provider_client = await get_ai_provider_client(db)
+            llm_result = await collect_llm_location_fallback_candidate(
+                provider_client=provider_client,
+                query=query,
+                entity_type="bgp_collector",
+                attempted_queries=attempted_queries,
+                search_evidence=search_result.evidence,
+            )
+        except Exception as exc:
+            if llm_failure_reason is None:
+                llm_failure_reason = f"LLM location factcheck unavailable: {exc}"
+                attempted_queries = [
+                    *attempted_queries,
+                    f"llm_factcheck:bgp_collector:{collector_id or 'unknown'}",
+                ]
+        if llm_result is not None:
+            attempted_queries = [*attempted_queries, *llm_result.attempted_queries]
+            candidates = llm_result.candidates
+            llm_failure_reason = llm_result.failure_reason
+
+    context = {
+        "collector": collector_id,
+        "site": site,
+        "city": city,
+        "country": country,
+        "operator": operator,
+    }
+
+    if not candidates:
+        return {
+            "collector_id": collector_id,
+            "name": collector_id,
+            "success": False,
+            "failure_reason": (
+                "No source coordinates or online geocoding result reached"
+                " city-level precision for this collector."
+            ),
+            "candidates": [],
+            "attempted_queries": list(attempted_queries),
+            "llm_failure_reason": llm_failure_reason,
+            "context": context,
+        }
+
+    return {
+        "collector_id": collector_id,
+        "name": collector_id,
+        "success": True,
+        "candidates": [candidate.to_dict() for candidate in candidates],
+        "best_candidate": candidates[0].to_dict(),
+        "attempted_queries": list(attempted_queries),
+        "context": context,
+    }
+
+
 @router.get("/overview/summary")
 async def get_bgp_overview_summary(
     current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),

backend/app/api/v1/data_products.py

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.api.v1.visualization import get_visualization_geo_summary
+from app.core.time import to_iso8601_utc
+from app.db.session import get_db
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+PRODUCT_DEFINITIONS: dict[str, dict] = {
+    "vessels": {
+        "name": "船只",
+        "sources": ["aisstream_vessels", "barentswatch_vessels"],
+        "primary_stat_key": "vessel_count",
+        "stat_keys": ["vessel_count", "vessel_raw_unique_mmsi", "vessel_legacy_unique_mmsi"],
+    },
+    "cables": {
+        "name": "海底光缆",
+        "sources": [
+            "arcgis_cables",
+            "arcgis_landing_points",
+            "arcgis_cable_landing_relation",
+            "telegeography_cables",
+            "telegeography_landing",
+            "telegeography_systems",
+            "fao_landing_points",
+        ],
+        "primary_stat_key": "cable_count",
+        "stat_keys": ["cable_count", "landing_point_count"],
+    },
+    "satellites": {
+        "name": "卫星",
+        "sources": ["celestrak_tle", "spacetrack_tle"],
+        "primary_stat_key": "satellite_count",
+        "stat_keys": ["satellite_count"],
+    },
+    "bgp": {
+        "name": "BGP",
+        "sources": [
+            "ris_live_bgp",
+            "bgpstream_bgp",
+            "iptoasn_prefix_geo",
+            "opengeofeed_prefix_geo",
+            "nro_delegated_prefix_geo",
+        ],
+        "primary_stat_key": "bgp_event_count",
+        "stat_keys": ["bgp_event_count", "bgp_incident_count", "bgp_anomaly_count", "bgp_collector_count"],
+    },
+    "compute": {
+        "name": "算力",
+        "sources": ["top500", "epoch_ai_gpu"],
+        "primary_stat_key": "compute_center_count",
+        "stat_keys": ["compute_center_count", "supercomputer_count", "gpu_cluster_count"],
+    },
+}
+
+
+def _build_product_status(product_id: str, summary: dict) -> dict:
+    definition = PRODUCT_DEFINITIONS[product_id]
+    stats = summary.get("stats", {})
+    product_stats = {key: stats.get(key, 0) for key in definition["stat_keys"]}
+    total_count = int(product_stats.get(definition["primary_stat_key"]) or 0)
+    return {
+        "product_id": product_id,
+        "name": definition["name"],
+        "sources": definition["sources"],
+        "generated_at": summary.get("generated_at") or to_iso8601_utc(datetime.now(UTC)),
+        "total_count": total_count,
+        "stats": product_stats,
+        "build_state": "ready",
+        "stats_scope": "global",
+        "stats_freshness": "cached_or_indexed",
+    }
+
+
+@router.get("")
+async def list_data_products(db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db)):
+    summary = await get_visualization_geo_summary(db)
+    return {
+        "generated_at": summary.get("generated_at"),
+        "data": [
+            _build_product_status(product_id, summary)
+            for product_id in PRODUCT_DEFINITIONS
+        ],
+    }
+
+
+@router.get("/{product_id}/status")
+async def get_data_product_status(
+    product_id: str,
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+):
+    if product_id not in PRODUCT_DEFINITIONS:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Unknown data product")
+    summary = await get_visualization_geo_summary(db)
+    return _build_product_status(product_id, summary)

backend/app/api/v1/datasources.py

@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@ from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
 from typing import Optional
 
 from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query
-from sqlalchemy import func, select, text
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
+from sqlalchemy import func, or_, select, text
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 from app.core.time import to_iso8601_utc
@@ -17,6 +18,8 @@ from app.models.datasource import DataSource
 from app.models.datasource_config import DataSourceConfig
 from app.models.task import CollectionTask
 from app.models.user import User
+from app.models.vessel import AISRawObservation
+from app.services.vessel_ais_aggregation import VESSEL_AIS_SCHEMA
 from app.services.scheduler import (
     cancel_running_collector_now,
     get_latest_task_id_for_datasource,
@@ -27,6 +30,29 @@ from app.services.scheduler import (
 router = APIRouter()
 STALE_RUNNING_TASK_TIMEOUT_MINUTES = 90
 
+PRODUCT_SOURCE_KEYWORDS: tuple[tuple[str, tuple[str, ...]], ...] = (
+    ("vessels", ("vessel", "ais")),
+    ("cables", ("cable", "landing", "telegeography", "arcgis", "fao")),
+    ("satellites", ("tle", "satellite", "spacetrack", "celestrak")),
+    ("bgp", ("bgp", "asn", "prefix_geo", "opengeofeed", "nro")),
+    ("compute", ("top500", "gpu", "supercomputer", "compute")),
+    ("ai", ("huggingface", "epoch_ai")),
+    ("media", ("news", "tv", "live_stream")),
+)
+
+
+class DatasourceBatchTriggerRequest(BaseModel):
+    source_ids: list[int] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    force: bool = False
+    module: Optional[str] = None
+    product: Optional[str] = None
+    is_active: Optional[bool] = None
+    priority: Optional[str] = None
+    run_status: Optional[str] = None
+    collected: Optional[bool] = None
+    credential_status: Optional[str] = None
+    q: Optional[str] = None
+
 
 def format_frequency_label(minutes: int) -> str:
     if minutes % 1440 == 0:
@@ -47,6 +73,20 @@ def datasource_metadata(source: str) -> dict:
     }
 
 
+def datasource_product_key(datasource: DataSource) -> str:
+    haystack = " ".join(
+        [
+            datasource.source or "",
+            datasource.name or "",
+            datasource.collector_class or "",
+        ]
+    ).lower()
+    for product, keywords in PRODUCT_SOURCE_KEYWORDS:
+        if any(keyword in haystack for keyword in keywords):
+            return product
+    return "other"
+
+
 def is_due_for_collection(datasource: DataSource, now: datetime) -> bool:
     if datasource.last_run_at is None:
         return True
@@ -110,6 +150,41 @@ async def _load_latest_task_ids(
     return {datasource_id: task_id for datasource_id, task_id in result.all()}
 
 
+async def _load_collected_record_counts(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    sources: list[str],
+) -> dict[str, int]:
+    if not sources:
+        return {}
+
+    result = await db.execute(
+        select(CollectedData.source, func.count(CollectedData.id))
+        .where(CollectedData.source.in_(sources))
+        .where(CollectedData.is_current.is_(True))
+        .group_by(CollectedData.source)
+    )
+    counts = {source: int(count or 0) for source, count in result.all()}
+
+    vessel_sources = [
+        source
+        for source in sources
+        if datasource_metadata(source)["credential_provider"] in {"aisstream", "barentswatch"}
+        or "vessel" in source
+        or "ais" in source
+    ]
+    if vessel_sources:
+        raw_result = await db.execute(
+            select(AISRawObservation.source, func.count(AISRawObservation.id))
+            .where(AISRawObservation.target_schema == VESSEL_AIS_SCHEMA)
+            .where(AISRawObservation.source.in_(vessel_sources))
+            .group_by(AISRawObservation.source)
+        )
+        for source, count in raw_result.all():
+            counts[source] = max(counts.get(source, 0), int(count or 0))
+
+    return counts
+
+
 async def _load_datasource_endpoint_overrides(
     db: AsyncSession,
     sources: list[str],
@@ -161,6 +236,192 @@ async def _load_datasource_list_context(
     return running_tasks, endpoint_overrides
 
 
+def _apply_datasource_query_filters(
+    query,
+    *,
+    module: Optional[str] = None,
+    is_active: Optional[bool] = None,
+    priority: Optional[str] = None,
+    run_status: Optional[str] = None,
+    q: Optional[str] = None,
+) -> object:
+    if module:
+        query = query.where(DataSource.module == module)
+    if is_active is not None:
+        query = query.where(DataSource.is_active == is_active)
+    if priority:
+        query = query.where(DataSource.priority == priority)
+    if run_status and run_status not in {"running", "collected", "uncollected"}:
+        if run_status == "not_run":
+            query = query.where(DataSource.last_status.is_(None))
+        else:
+            query = query.where(DataSource.last_status == run_status)
+    if q:
+        like_value = f"%{q.strip()}%"
+        query = query.where(
+            or_(
+                DataSource.name.ilike(like_value),
+                DataSource.source.ilike(like_value),
+                DataSource.collector_class.ilike(like_value),
+            )
+        )
+    return query
+
+
+def _filter_datasources_in_memory(
+    datasources: list[DataSource],
+    *,
+    running_tasks: dict[int, CollectionTask],
+    record_counts: dict[str, int],
+    product: Optional[str] = None,
+    run_status: Optional[str] = None,
+    collected: Optional[bool] = None,
+    credential_status: Optional[str] = None,
+) -> list[DataSource]:
+    filtered: list[DataSource] = []
+    for datasource in datasources:
+        record_count = record_counts.get(datasource.source, 0)
+        if product and datasource_product_key(datasource) != product:
+            continue
+        if collected is not None and (record_count > 0) != collected:
+            continue
+        if credential_status:
+            metadata = datasource_metadata(datasource.source)
+            if metadata["credential_status"] != credential_status:
+                continue
+        if run_status == "running" and datasource.id not in running_tasks:
+            continue
+        if run_status == "collected" and record_count <= 0:
+            continue
+        if run_status == "uncollected" and record_count > 0:
+            continue
+        filtered.append(datasource)
+    return filtered
+
+
+async def _trigger_datasource_batch(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    datasources: list[DataSource],
+    *,
+    force: bool,
+) -> dict:
+    if not datasources:
+        return {
+            "status": "noop",
+            "message": "No matching data sources to trigger",
+            "force": force,
+            "triggered": [],
+            "skipped": [],
+            "failed": [],
+        }
+
+    previous_task_ids: dict[int, Optional[int]] = {}
+    triggered_sources: list[dict] = []
+    skipped_sources: list[dict] = []
+    failed_sources: list[dict] = []
+    now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+    running_tasks = await _load_latest_running_tasks(
+        db,
+        [datasource.id for datasource in datasources],
+    )
+
+    for datasource in datasources:
+        if not datasource.is_active:
+            skipped_sources.append(
+                {
+                    "id": datasource.id,
+                    "source": datasource.source,
+                    "name": datasource.name,
+                    "reason": "disabled",
+                }
+            )
+            continue
+
+        running_task = running_tasks.get(datasource.id)
+        if running_task is not None:
+            if not force:
+                skipped_sources.append(
+                    {
+                        "id": datasource.id,
+                        "source": datasource.source,
+                        "name": datasource.name,
+                        "reason": "already_running",
+                        "task_id": running_task.id,
+                    }
+                )
+                continue
+            cancelled = await cancel_running_collector_now(datasource.source)
+            if not cancelled:
+                await rollback_orphaned_running_task(db, datasource, running_task)
+
+        if not force and not is_due_for_collection(datasource, now):
+            skipped_sources.append(
+                {
+                    "id": datasource.id,
+                    "source": datasource.source,
+                    "name": datasource.name,
+                    "reason": "within_frequency_window",
+                    "last_run_at": to_iso8601_utc(datasource.last_run_at),
+                    "next_run_at": to_iso8601_utc(
+                        datasource.last_run_at + timedelta(minutes=datasource.frequency_minutes)
+                    ),
+                }
+            )
+            continue
+
+        previous_task_ids[datasource.id] = None
+        success = run_collector_now(datasource.source)
+        if not success:
+            failed_sources.append(
+                {
+                    "id": datasource.id,
+                    "source": datasource.source,
+                    "name": datasource.name,
+                    "reason": "trigger_failed",
+                }
+            )
+            continue
+
+        triggered_sources.append(
+            {
+                "id": datasource.id,
+                "source": datasource.source,
+                "name": datasource.name,
+                "task_id": None,
+            }
+        )
+
+    latest_task_ids = await _load_latest_task_ids(
+        db,
+        [datasource.id for datasource in datasources],
+    )
+    for datasource_id in previous_task_ids:
+        previous_task_ids[datasource_id] = latest_task_ids.get(datasource_id)
+
+    for _ in range(20):
+        await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
+        pending = [item for item in triggered_sources if item["task_id"] is None]
+        if not pending:
+            break
+        latest_task_ids = await _load_latest_task_ids(
+            db,
+            [item["id"] for item in pending],
+        )
+        for item in pending:
+            task_id = latest_task_ids.get(item["id"])
+            if task_id is not None and task_id != previous_task_ids.get(item["id"]):
+                item["task_id"] = task_id
+
+    return {
+        "status": "triggered" if triggered_sources else "partial",
+        "message": f"Triggered {len(triggered_sources)} data sources",
+        "force": force,
+        "triggered": triggered_sources,
+        "skipped": skipped_sources,
+        "failed": failed_sources,
+    }
+
+
 async def get_datasource_record(db: AsyncSession, source_id: str) -> Optional[DataSource]:
     datasource = None
     try:
@@ -355,16 +616,23 @@ async def list_datasources(
     module: Optional[str] = None,
     is_active: Optional[bool] = None,
     priority: Optional[str] = None,
+    product: Optional[str] = None,
+    run_status: Optional[str] = None,
+    collected: Optional[bool] = None,
+    credential_status: Optional[str] = None,
+    q: Optional[str] = None,
     current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
 ):
     query = select(DataSource).order_by(DataSource.module, DataSource.id)
-    if module:
-        query = query.where(DataSource.module == module)
-    if is_active is not None:
-        query = query.where(DataSource.is_active == is_active)
-    if priority:
-        query = query.where(DataSource.priority == priority)
+    query = _apply_datasource_query_filters(
+        query,
+        module=module,
+        is_active=is_active,
+        priority=priority,
+        run_status=run_status,
+        q=q,
+    )
 
     result = await db.execute(query)
     datasources = result.scalars().all()
@@ -372,11 +640,22 @@ async def list_datasources(
     collector_list = []
     config = get_data_sources_config()
     running_tasks, endpoint_overrides = await _load_datasource_list_context(db, datasources)
+    record_counts = await _load_collected_record_counts(db, [datasource.source for datasource in datasources])
+    datasources = _filter_datasources_in_memory(
+        datasources,
+        running_tasks=running_tasks,
+        record_counts=record_counts,
+        product=product,
+        run_status=run_status,
+        collected=collected,
+        credential_status=credential_status,
+    )
     for datasource in datasources:
         running_task = running_tasks.get(datasource.id)
         endpoint = endpoint_overrides.get(datasource.source) or config.get_yaml_url(datasource.source)
         last_run_at = datasource.last_run_at
         last_status = datasource.last_status
+        collected_records = record_counts.get(datasource.source, 0)
 
         collector_list.append(
             {
@@ -384,6 +663,7 @@ async def list_datasources(
                 "source": datasource.source,
                 "name": datasource.name,
                 **datasource_metadata(datasource.source),
+                "product": datasource_product_key(datasource),
                 "module": datasource.module,
                 "priority": datasource.priority,
                 "frequency": format_frequency_label(datasource.frequency_minutes),
@@ -405,6 +685,8 @@ async def list_datasources(
                 "phase_unit": running_task.phase_unit if running_task else None,
                 "records_processed": running_task.records_processed if running_task else None,
                 "total_records": running_task.total_records if running_task else None,
+                "collected_records": collected_records,
+                "has_collected_data": collected_records > 0,
             }
         )
 
@@ -419,110 +701,46 @@ async def trigger_all_datasources(
 ):
     result = await db.execute(
         select(DataSource)
-        .where(DataSource.is_active == True)
+        .where(DataSource.is_active.is_(True))
         .order_by(DataSource.module, DataSource.id)
     )
     datasources = result.scalars().all()
+    return await _trigger_datasource_batch(db, datasources, force=force)
 
-    if not datasources:
-        return {
-            "status": "noop",
-            "message": "No active data sources to trigger",
-            "triggered": [],
-            "skipped": [],
-            "failed": [],
-        }
 
-    previous_task_ids: dict[int, Optional[int]] = {}
-    triggered_sources: list[dict] = []
-    skipped_sources: list[dict] = []
-    failed_sources: list[dict] = []
-    now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
-    running_tasks = await _load_latest_running_tasks(
-        db,
-        [datasource.id for datasource in datasources],
-    )
-
-    for datasource in datasources:
-        running_task = running_tasks.get(datasource.id)
-        if running_task is not None:
-            skipped_sources.append(
-                {
-                    "id": datasource.id,
-                    "source": datasource.source,
-                    "name": datasource.name,
-                    "reason": "already_running",
-                    "task_id": running_task.id,
-                }
-            )
-            continue
-
-        if not force and not is_due_for_collection(datasource, now):
-            skipped_sources.append(
-                {
-                    "id": datasource.id,
-                    "source": datasource.source,
-                    "name": datasource.name,
-                    "reason": "within_frequency_window",
-                    "last_run_at": to_iso8601_utc(datasource.last_run_at),
-                    "next_run_at": to_iso8601_utc(
-                        datasource.last_run_at + timedelta(minutes=datasource.frequency_minutes)
-                    ),
-                }
-            )
-            continue
-
-        previous_task_ids[datasource.id] = None
-        success = run_collector_now(datasource.source)
-        if not success:
-            failed_sources.append(
-                {
-                    "id": datasource.id,
-                    "source": datasource.source,
-                    "name": datasource.name,
-                    "reason": "trigger_failed",
-                }
-            )
-            continue
-
-        triggered_sources.append(
-            {
-                "id": datasource.id,
-                "source": datasource.source,
-                "name": datasource.name,
-                "task_id": None,
-            }
+@router.post("/trigger-batch")
+async def trigger_datasource_batch(
+    payload: DatasourceBatchTriggerRequest,
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+):
+    query = select(DataSource).order_by(DataSource.module, DataSource.id)
+    if payload.source_ids:
+        query = query.where(DataSource.id.in_(payload.source_ids))
+    else:
+        query = _apply_datasource_query_filters(
+            query,
+            module=payload.module,
+            is_active=payload.is_active,
+            priority=payload.priority,
+            run_status=payload.run_status,
+            q=payload.q,
         )
 
-    latest_task_ids = await _load_latest_task_ids(
-        db,
-        [datasource.id for datasource in datasources],
+    result = await db.execute(query)
+    datasources = result.scalars().all()
+    running_tasks, _ = await _load_datasource_list_context(db, datasources)
+    record_counts = await _load_collected_record_counts(db, [datasource.source for datasource in datasources])
+    datasources = _filter_datasources_in_memory(
+        datasources,
+        running_tasks=running_tasks,
+        record_counts=record_counts,
+        product=None if payload.source_ids else payload.product,
+        run_status=None if payload.source_ids else payload.run_status,
+        collected=None if payload.source_ids else payload.collected,
+        credential_status=None if payload.source_ids else payload.credential_status,
     )
-    for datasource_id in previous_task_ids:
-        previous_task_ids[datasource_id] = latest_task_ids.get(datasource_id)
-
-    for _ in range(20):
-        await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
-        pending = [item for item in triggered_sources if item["task_id"] is None]
-        if not pending:
-            break
-        latest_task_ids = await _load_latest_task_ids(
-            db,
-            [item["id"] for item in pending],
-        )
-        for item in pending:
-            task_id = latest_task_ids.get(item["id"])
-            if task_id is not None and task_id != previous_task_ids.get(item["id"]):
-                item["task_id"] = task_id
-
-    return {
-        "status": "triggered" if triggered_sources else "partial",
-        "message": f"Triggered {len(triggered_sources)} data sources",
-        "force": force,
-        "triggered": triggered_sources,
-        "skipped": skipped_sources,
-        "failed": failed_sources,
-    }
+    return await _trigger_datasource_batch(db, datasources, force=payload.force)
 
 
 @router.get("/{source_id}")

backend/app/api/v1/docs.py

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+"""Authenticated documentation APIs."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, status
+from fastapi.security import HTTPAuthorizationCredentials, HTTPBearer
+from sqlalchemy import text
+
+from app.core.security import decode_token
+from app.db.session import async_session_factory
+from app.models.user import User
+from app.services.docs_gatekeeper import (
+    DOCS_BY_SLUG,
+    VALID_DOCS_LANGS,
+    can_read_doc,
+    catalog_for_user,
+    doc_path_for,
+    title_for,
+)
+
+router = APIRouter()
+optional_bearer = HTTPBearer(auto_error=False)
+
+
+async def get_optional_current_user(
+    credentials: HTTPAuthorizationCredentials | None = Depends(optional_bearer),
+) -> User | None:
+    if credentials is None:
+        return None
+
+    payload = decode_token(credentials.credentials)
+    if payload is None or payload.get("type") != "access" or payload.get("sub") is None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="Invalid token",
+        )
+
+    async with async_session_factory() as db:
+        result = await db.execute(
+            text(
+                "SELECT id, username, email, password_hash, role, is_active, gatekeeper_groups FROM users WHERE id = :id"
+            ),
+            {"id": int(payload["sub"])},
+        )
+        row = result.fetchone()
+    if row is None or not row[5]:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="User not found or inactive",
+        )
+
+    user = User()
+    user.id = row[0]
+    user.username = row[1]
+    user.email = row[2]
+    user.password_hash = row[3]
+    user.role = row[4]
+    user.is_active = row[5]
+    user.gatekeeper_groups = row[6] or []
+    return user
+
+
+@router.get("/catalog")
+async def get_docs_catalog(current_user: User | None = Depends(get_optional_current_user)):
+    return {
+        "items": catalog_for_user(current_user),
+        "authenticated": current_user is not None,
+    }
+
+
+@router.get("/{lang}/{slug}")
+async def get_doc_content(
+    lang: str,
+    slug: str,
+    current_user: User | None = Depends(get_optional_current_user),
+):
+    if lang not in VALID_DOCS_LANGS:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, detail="Document not found")
+
+    entry = DOCS_BY_SLUG.get(slug)
+    if entry is None:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, detail="Document not found")
+
+    path = doc_path_for(entry, lang)
+    if not path.exists():
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, detail="Document not found")
+
+    if not can_read_doc(entry, current_user):
+        if current_user is None:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED, detail="Authentication required")
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN, detail="Insufficient Docs permissions")
+
+    return {
+        "slug": entry.slug,
+        "filename": entry.filename,
+        "lang": lang,
+        "title": title_for(entry, lang),
+        "group": entry.group,
+        "order": entry.order,
+        "access": entry.access,
+        "markdown": path.read_text(encoding="utf-8"),
+    }

backend/app/api/v1/layers.py

@@ -0,0 +1,229 @@
+from typing import Any, Optional
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.api.v1.visualization import (
+    _parse_bbox,
+    get_bgp_anomalies_geojson,
+    get_bgp_collectors_geojson,
+    get_bgp_incidents_geojson,
+    get_cables_geojson,
+    get_landing_points_geojson,
+    get_satellites_geojson,
+)
+from app.api.v1.vessels import build_vessel_snapshot_response
+from app.db.session import get_db
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+DEFAULT_LAYER_LIMIT = 1000
+MAX_LAYER_LIMIT = 5000
+LOW_ZOOM_FEATURE_LIMIT = 500
+
+
+def _clamp_limit(limit: int, zoom: int) -> tuple[int, bool]:
+    clamped = min(max(limit, 1), MAX_LAYER_LIMIT)
+    if zoom <= 3:
+        return min(clamped, LOW_ZOOM_FEATURE_LIMIT), clamped != limit or clamped > LOW_ZOOM_FEATURE_LIMIT
+    return clamped, clamped != limit
+
+
+def _coordinate_in_bbox(coord: Any, bbox: tuple[float, float, float, float]) -> bool:
+    if not isinstance(coord, (list, tuple)) or len(coord) < 2:
+        return False
+    try:
+        lon = float(coord[0])
+        lat = float(coord[1])
+    except (TypeError, ValueError):
+        return False
+    lon_min, lat_min, lon_max, lat_max = bbox
+    return lon_min <= lon <= lon_max and lat_min <= lat <= lat_max
+
+
+def _geometry_intersects_bbox(geometry: dict, bbox: tuple[float, float, float, float]) -> bool:
+    coordinates = geometry.get("coordinates")
+    geometry_type = geometry.get("type")
+    if geometry_type == "Point":
+        return _coordinate_in_bbox(coordinates, bbox)
+    if geometry_type in {"LineString", "MultiPoint"}:
+        return any(_coordinate_in_bbox(coord, bbox) for coord in coordinates or [])
+    if geometry_type in {"Polygon", "MultiLineString"}:
+        return any(
+            _coordinate_in_bbox(coord, bbox)
+            for line in coordinates or []
+            for coord in line
+        )
+    if geometry_type == "MultiPolygon":
+        return any(
+            _coordinate_in_bbox(coord, bbox)
+            for polygon in coordinates or []
+            for line in polygon
+            for coord in line
+        )
+    return False
+
+
+def _guard_geojson_layer(
+    geojson: dict,
+    *,
+    bbox: tuple[float, float, float, float],
+    zoom: int,
+    limit: int,
+) -> dict:
+    bounded_limit, limit_clamped = _clamp_limit(limit, zoom)
+    features = [
+        feature
+        for feature in geojson.get("features", [])
+        if _geometry_intersects_bbox(feature.get("geometry") or {}, bbox)
+    ]
+    visible_count = len(features)
+    returned_features = features[:bounded_limit]
+    return {
+        **geojson,
+        "features": returned_features,
+        "visible_count": visible_count,
+        "returned_count": len(returned_features),
+        "diagnostics": {
+            "bbox_limited": True,
+            "limit": bounded_limit,
+            "limit_clamped": limit_clamped,
+            "truncated": visible_count > len(returned_features),
+            "degraded": zoom <= 3 or visible_count > len(returned_features),
+            "stats_scope": "viewport",
+        },
+    }
+
+
+def _parse_layer_bbox(bbox: str) -> tuple[float, float, float, float]:
+    parsed = _parse_bbox(bbox)
+    if parsed is None:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="bbox is required")
+    return parsed
+
+
+@router.get("/vessels/snapshot")
+async def get_vessel_layer_snapshot(
+    bbox: str = Query(..., description="lon_min,lat_min,lon_max,lat_max"),
+    zoom: int = Query(..., ge=1, le=20),
+    limit: int = Query(DEFAULT_LAYER_LIMIT, ge=1),
+    vessel_type: Optional[str] = Query(None, alias="type"),
+    since_minutes: int = Query(60, ge=1, le=1440),
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+):
+    parsed_bbox = _parse_layer_bbox(bbox)
+    return await build_vessel_snapshot_response(
+        db,
+        bbox=parsed_bbox,
+        zoom=zoom,
+        limit=limit,
+        type_filter=vessel_type,
+        since_minutes=since_minutes,
+    )
+
+
+@router.get("/cables")
+async def get_cable_layer(
+    bbox: str = Query(..., description="lon_min,lat_min,lon_max,lat_max"),
+    zoom: int = Query(..., ge=1, le=20),
+    limit: int = Query(DEFAULT_LAYER_LIMIT, ge=1),
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+):
+    return _guard_geojson_layer(
+        await get_cables_geojson(db),
+        bbox=_parse_layer_bbox(bbox),
+        zoom=zoom,
+        limit=limit,
+    )
+
+
+@router.get("/landing-points")
+async def get_landing_point_layer(
+    bbox: str = Query(..., description="lon_min,lat_min,lon_max,lat_max"),
+    zoom: int = Query(..., ge=1, le=20),
+    limit: int = Query(DEFAULT_LAYER_LIMIT, ge=1),
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+):
+    return _guard_geojson_layer(
+        await get_landing_points_geojson(db),
+        bbox=_parse_layer_bbox(bbox),
+        zoom=zoom,
+        limit=limit,
+    )
+
+
+@router.get("/satellites")
+async def get_satellite_layer(
+    bbox: str = Query(..., description="lon_min,lat_min,lon_max,lat_max"),
+    zoom: int = Query(..., ge=1, le=20),
+    limit: int = Query(DEFAULT_LAYER_LIMIT, ge=1),
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+):
+    bounded_limit, _ = _clamp_limit(limit, zoom)
+    return _guard_geojson_layer(
+        await get_satellites_geojson(limit=bounded_limit, db=db),
+        bbox=_parse_layer_bbox(bbox),
+        zoom=zoom,
+        limit=limit,
+    )
+
+
+@router.get("/bgp/anomalies")
+async def get_bgp_anomaly_layer(
+    bbox: str = Query(..., description="lon_min,lat_min,lon_max,lat_max"),
+    zoom: int = Query(..., ge=1, le=20),
+    limit: int = Query(DEFAULT_LAYER_LIMIT, ge=1),
+    severity: Optional[str] = Query(None),
+    status: Optional[str] = Query("active"),
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+):
+    bounded_limit, _ = _clamp_limit(limit, zoom)
+    return _guard_geojson_layer(
+        await get_bgp_anomalies_geojson(
+            severity=severity,
+            status=status,
+            limit=bounded_limit,
+            db=db,
+        ),
+        bbox=_parse_layer_bbox(bbox),
+        zoom=zoom,
+        limit=limit,
+    )
+
+
+@router.get("/bgp/incidents")
+async def get_bgp_incident_layer(
+    bbox: str = Query(..., description="lon_min,lat_min,lon_max,lat_max"),
+    zoom: int = Query(..., ge=1, le=20),
+    limit: int = Query(DEFAULT_LAYER_LIMIT, ge=1),
+    severity: Optional[str] = Query(None),
+    status: Optional[str] = Query("active"),
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+):
+    bounded_limit, _ = _clamp_limit(limit, zoom)
+    return _guard_geojson_layer(
+        await get_bgp_incidents_geojson(
+            severity=severity,
+            status=status,
+            limit=min(bounded_limit, 500),
+            db=db,
+        ),
+        bbox=_parse_layer_bbox(bbox),
+        zoom=zoom,
+        limit=limit,
+    )
+
+
+@router.get("/bgp/collectors")
+async def get_bgp_collector_layer(
+    bbox: str = Query(..., description="lon_min,lat_min,lon_max,lat_max"),
+    zoom: int = Query(..., ge=1, le=20),
+    limit: int = Query(DEFAULT_LAYER_LIMIT, ge=1),
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+):
+    return _guard_geojson_layer(
+        await get_bgp_collectors_geojson(db),
+        bbox=_parse_layer_bbox(bbox),
+        zoom=zoom,
+        limit=limit,
+    )

backend/app/api/v1/realtime_sources.py

@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+"""Realtime datasource operations and runtime statistics."""
+
+from datetime import UTC, datetime, timedelta
+import os
+from typing import Any
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException
+from sqlalchemy import distinct, func, select
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.core.data_sources import get_data_sources_config
+from app.core.security import get_current_user
+from app.core.time import to_iso8601_utc
+from app.db.session import get_db
+from app.models.datasource import DataSource
+from app.models.datasource_config import DataSourceConfig
+from app.models.user import User
+from app.models.vessel import AISRawObservation, AISSourceHealth
+from app.services.custom_datasource_runtime import (
+    get_custom_stream_status,
+    start_custom_stream,
+    stop_custom_stream,
+)
+from app.services.scheduler import (
+    cancel_running_collector_now,
+    is_collector_running,
+    run_collector_now,
+)
+from app.services.vessel_ais_aggregation import VESSEL_AIS_SCHEMA, update_ais_source_health
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+BUILTIN_REALTIME_SOURCES = {"aisstream_vessels"}
+REALTIME_SOURCE_TYPES = {"websocket", "ws"}
+
+
+def _is_realtime_config(config: DataSourceConfig) -> bool:
+    return str(config.source_type or "").lower() in REALTIME_SOURCE_TYPES
+
+
+def _safe_config_dict(value: Any) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    return value if isinstance(value, dict) else {}
+
+
+def _credential_configured(config: DataSourceConfig | None) -> bool:
+    if config is not None:
+        auth_config = _safe_config_dict(config.auth_config)
+        config_payload = _safe_config_dict(config.config)
+        if auth_config.get("api_key") or config_payload.get("api_key"):
+            return True
+    return bool(os.getenv("AISSTREAM_API_KEY"))
+
+
+async def _load_realtime_stats(db: AsyncSession, source: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    now = datetime.now(UTC)
+    observed_24h = now - timedelta(hours=24)
+    observed_1h = now - timedelta(hours=1)
+    payload_mmsi = AISRawObservation.entity_key
+
+    result = await db.execute(
+        select(
+            func.count(AISRawObservation.id).label("total_observations"),
+            func.count(AISRawObservation.id)
+            .filter(AISRawObservation.observed_at >= observed_24h)
+            .label("observations_24h"),
+            func.count(AISRawObservation.id)
+            .filter(AISRawObservation.observed_at >= observed_1h)
+            .label("observations_1h"),
+            func.count(distinct(payload_mmsi)).label("unique_mmsi_total"),
+            func.count(distinct(payload_mmsi))
+            .filter(AISRawObservation.observed_at >= observed_24h)
+            .label("unique_mmsi_24h"),
+            func.max(AISRawObservation.observed_at).label("latest_observed_at"),
+            func.max(AISRawObservation.collected_at).label("latest_collected_at"),
+        )
+        .where(AISRawObservation.target_schema == VESSEL_AIS_SCHEMA)
+        .where(AISRawObservation.source == source)
+    )
+    row = result.mappings().one()
+    return {
+        "total_observations": int(row["total_observations"] or 0),
+        "observations_24h": int(row["observations_24h"] or 0),
+        "observations_1h": int(row["observations_1h"] or 0),
+        "unique_mmsi_total": int(row["unique_mmsi_total"] or 0),
+        "unique_mmsi_24h": int(row["unique_mmsi_24h"] or 0),
+        "latest_observed_at": to_iso8601_utc(row["latest_observed_at"]),
+        "latest_collected_at": to_iso8601_utc(row["latest_collected_at"]),
+    }
+
+
+def _runtime_status_for_builtin(source: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    running = is_collector_running(source)
+    return {
+        "running": running,
+        "done": False,
+        "runtime": "collector",
+    }
+
+
+def _runtime_status_for_custom(config_id: int) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    status = get_custom_stream_status(config_id)
+    return {
+        "running": bool(status.get("running")),
+        "done": bool(status.get("done")),
+        "runtime": "custom_stream",
+    }
+
+
+async def _serialize_builtin_aisstream(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    datasource: DataSource,
+    config: DataSourceConfig | None,
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    health = await db.get(AISSourceHealth, datasource.source)
+    config_payload = _safe_config_dict(config.config if config else {})
+    endpoint = (
+        (config.endpoint if config else None)
+        or get_data_sources_config().get_yaml_url(datasource.source)
+    )
+    return {
+        "source": datasource.source,
+        "name": datasource.name,
+        "display_name": "AISStream 实时船舶",
+        "kind": "builtin",
+        "source_type": "websocket",
+        "endpoint": endpoint,
+        "is_active": bool(datasource.is_active),
+        "credential_configured": _credential_configured(config),
+        "message_types": config_payload.get("message_types") or ["PositionReport", "ShipStaticData"],
+        "bounding_boxes": config_payload.get("bounding_boxes") or [[[-90, -180], [90, 180]]],
+        "config": config_payload,
+        "runtime": _runtime_status_for_builtin(datasource.source),
+        "health": health.to_dict() if health else None,
+        "stats": await _load_realtime_stats(db, datasource.source),
+    }
+
+
+async def _serialize_custom_stream(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    config: DataSourceConfig,
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    health = await db.get(AISSourceHealth, config.name)
+    config_payload = _safe_config_dict(config.config)
+    return {
+        "source": config.name,
+        "name": config.name,
+        "display_name": config.description or config.name,
+        "kind": "custom",
+        "config_id": config.id,
+        "source_type": config.source_type,
+        "endpoint": config.endpoint,
+        "is_active": bool(config.is_active),
+        "credential_configured": config.auth_type == "none" or bool(_safe_config_dict(config.auth_config)),
+        "message_types": config_payload.get("message_types") or [],
+        "bounding_boxes": config_payload.get("bounding_boxes") or [],
+        "config": config_payload,
+        "runtime": _runtime_status_for_custom(config.id),
+        "health": health.to_dict() if health else None,
+        "stats": await _load_realtime_stats(db, config.name),
+    }
+
+
+async def _load_builtin_aisstream(db: AsyncSession) -> tuple[DataSource | None, DataSourceConfig | None]:
+    result = await db.execute(select(DataSource).where(DataSource.source == "aisstream_vessels"))
+    datasource = result.scalar_one_or_none()
+    config_result = await db.execute(
+        select(DataSourceConfig)
+        .where(DataSourceConfig.name == "aisstream_vessels")
+        .where(DataSourceConfig.is_active.is_(True))
+        .order_by(DataSourceConfig.id.desc())
+        .limit(1)
+    )
+    return datasource, config_result.scalar_one_or_none()
+
+
+async def _load_custom_realtime_config(db: AsyncSession, source: str) -> DataSourceConfig | None:
+    result = await db.execute(
+        select(DataSourceConfig)
+        .where(DataSourceConfig.name == source)
+        .order_by(DataSourceConfig.id.desc())
+        .limit(1)
+    )
+    config = result.scalar_one_or_none()
+    return config if config is not None and _is_realtime_config(config) else None
+
+
+@router.get("")
+async def list_realtime_sources(
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+):
+    sources: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
+    datasource, builtin_config = await _load_builtin_aisstream(db)
+    if datasource is not None:
+        sources.append(await _serialize_builtin_aisstream(db, datasource, builtin_config))
+
+    custom_result = await db.execute(
+        select(DataSourceConfig)
+        .where(func.lower(DataSourceConfig.source_type).in_(REALTIME_SOURCE_TYPES))
+        .order_by(DataSourceConfig.name)
+    )
+    for config in custom_result.scalars().all():
+        if config.name in BUILTIN_REALTIME_SOURCES:
+            continue
+        sources.append(await _serialize_custom_stream(db, config))
+
+    return {"total": len(sources), "data": sources}
+
+
+async def _ensure_builtin_startable(db: AsyncSession) -> DataSourceConfig | None:
+    datasource, config = await _load_builtin_aisstream(db)
+    if datasource is None:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Realtime source not found")
+    if not datasource.is_active:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Realtime source is disabled")
+    if not _credential_configured(config):
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="AISStream API key is not configured")
+    return config
+
+
+@router.post("/{source}/start")
+async def start_realtime_source(
+    source: str,
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+):
+    if source == "aisstream_vessels":
+        await _ensure_builtin_startable(db)
+        if is_collector_running(source):
+            return {"status": "already_running", "source": source, "runtime": _runtime_status_for_builtin(source)}
+        if not run_collector_now(source):
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=409, detail="Realtime source could not be started")
+        return {"status": "started", "source": source, "runtime": _runtime_status_for_builtin(source)}
+
+    config = await _load_custom_realtime_config(db, source)
+    if config is None:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Realtime source not found")
+    if not config.is_active:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Realtime source is disabled")
+    started = start_custom_stream(config.id)
+    return {
+        "status": "started" if started else "already_running",
+        "source": source,
+        "runtime": _runtime_status_for_custom(config.id),
+    }
+
+
+@router.post("/{source}/stop")
+async def stop_realtime_source(
+    source: str,
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+):
+    if source == "aisstream_vessels":
+        stopped = await cancel_running_collector_now(source)
+        await update_ais_source_health(db, source=source, connection_state="disconnected", last_error=None)
+        await db.commit()
+        return {"status": "stopped" if stopped else "not_running", "source": source, "runtime": _runtime_status_for_builtin(source)}
+
+    config = await _load_custom_realtime_config(db, source)
+    if config is None:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Realtime source not found")
+    stopped = await stop_custom_stream(config.id)
+    await update_ais_source_health(db, source=source, connection_state="disconnected", last_error=None)
+    await db.commit()
+    return {
+        "status": "stopped" if stopped else "not_running",
+        "source": source,
+        "runtime": _runtime_status_for_custom(config.id),
+    }
+
+
+@router.post("/{source}/restart")
+async def restart_realtime_source(
+    source: str,
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+):
+    await stop_realtime_source(source, current_user=current_user, db=db)
+    return await start_realtime_source(source, current_user=current_user, db=db)

backend/app/api/v1/users.py

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import json
 from typing import List
 
 from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, status
@@ -7,10 +8,12 @@ from sqlalchemy import text
 from app.core.security import get_current_user, get_password_hash
 from app.db.session import get_db
 from app.models.user import User
-from app.schemas.user import UserCreate, UserResponse, UserUpdate
+from app.schemas.user import UserCreate, UserUpdate
 
 router = APIRouter()
 
+VALID_GATEKEEPER_GROUPS = {"docs_user", "docs_developer", "docs_admin"}
+
 
 def check_permission(current_user: User, required_roles: List[str]) -> bool:
     user_role_value = (
@@ -52,7 +55,7 @@ async def list_users(
 
     offset = (page - 1) * page_size
     query = text(
-        f"SELECT id, username, email, role, is_active, last_login_at, created_at FROM users WHERE {where_sql} ORDER BY created_at DESC LIMIT {page_size} OFFSET {offset}"
+        f"SELECT id, username, email, role, is_active, last_login_at, created_at, gatekeeper_groups FROM users WHERE {where_sql} ORDER BY created_at DESC LIMIT {page_size} OFFSET {offset}"
     )
     count_query = text(f"SELECT COUNT(*) FROM users WHERE {where_sql}")
 
@@ -75,6 +78,7 @@ async def list_users(
                 "is_active": u[4],
                 "last_login_at": u[5],
                 "created_at": u[6],
+                "gatekeeper_groups": u[7] or [],
             }
             for u in users
         ],
@@ -95,7 +99,7 @@ async def get_user(
 
     result = await db.execute(
         text(
-            "SELECT id, username, email, role, is_active, last_login_at, created_at FROM users WHERE id = :id"
+            "SELECT id, username, email, role, is_active, last_login_at, created_at, gatekeeper_groups FROM users WHERE id = :id"
         ),
         {"id": user_id},
     )
@@ -114,6 +118,7 @@ async def get_user(
         "is_active": user[4],
         "last_login_at": user[5],
         "created_at": user[6],
+        "gatekeeper_groups": user[7] or [],
     }
 
 
@@ -128,6 +133,12 @@ async def create_user(
             status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
             detail="Only super_admin can create users",
         )
+    invalid_groups = sorted(set(user_data.gatekeeper_groups) - VALID_GATEKEEPER_GROUPS)
+    if invalid_groups:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail=f"Unsupported Gatekeeper groups: {', '.join(invalid_groups)}",
+        )
 
     result = await db.execute(
         text("SELECT id FROM users WHERE username = :username OR email = :email"),
@@ -142,13 +153,14 @@ async def create_user(
     hashed_password = get_password_hash(user_data.password)
 
     await db.execute(
-        text("""INSERT INTO users (username, email, password_hash, role, is_active, created_at, updated_at)
-           VALUES (:username, :email, :password_hash, :role, :is_active, NOW(), NOW())"""),
+        text("""INSERT INTO users (username, email, password_hash, role, gatekeeper_groups, is_active, created_at, updated_at)
+           VALUES (:username, :email, :password_hash, :role, CAST(:gatekeeper_groups AS jsonb), :is_active, NOW(), NOW())"""),
         {
             "username": user_data.username,
             "email": user_data.email,
             "password_hash": hashed_password,
             "role": user_data.role,
+            "gatekeeper_groups": json.dumps(user_data.gatekeeper_groups),
             "is_active": True,
         },
     )
@@ -172,6 +184,7 @@ async def create_user(
         "username": user_data.username,
         "email": user_data.email,
         "role": user_data.role,
+        "gatekeeper_groups": user_data.gatekeeper_groups,
         "is_active": True,
     }
 
@@ -194,6 +207,18 @@ async def update_user(
             status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
             detail="Only super_admin can change user role",
         )
+    if not check_permission(current_user, ["super_admin"]) and user_data.gatekeeper_groups is not None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
+            detail="Only super_admin can change Gatekeeper groups",
+        )
+    if user_data.gatekeeper_groups is not None:
+        invalid_groups = sorted(set(user_data.gatekeeper_groups) - VALID_GATEKEEPER_GROUPS)
+        if invalid_groups:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+                detail=f"Unsupported Gatekeeper groups: {', '.join(invalid_groups)}",
+            )
 
     result = await db.execute(
         text("SELECT id FROM users WHERE id = :id"),
@@ -213,6 +238,9 @@ async def update_user(
     if user_data.role is not None:
         update_fields.append("role = :role")
         params["role"] = user_data.role
+    if user_data.gatekeeper_groups is not None:
+        update_fields.append("gatekeeper_groups = CAST(:gatekeeper_groups AS jsonb)")
+        params["gatekeeper_groups"] = json.dumps(user_data.gatekeeper_groups)
     if user_data.is_active is not None:
         update_fields.append("is_active = :is_active")
         params["is_active"] = user_data.is_active

backend/app/api/v1/vessels.py

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+"""Bounded vessel snapshot APIs for viewport-first consumers."""
+
+from typing import Optional
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.api.v1.visualization import _parse_bbox, build_vessel_snapshot_response
+from app.db.session import get_db
+from app.services.vessel_ais_aggregation import MAX_SNAPSHOT_LIMIT
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+
+@router.get("/snapshot")
+async def get_vessel_snapshot(
+    bbox: Optional[str] = Query(None, description="Viewport bbox as lon_min,lat_min,lon_max,lat_max"),
+    zoom: int = Query(..., ge=1, le=20, description="Current map zoom level"),
+    type: Optional[str] = Query(
+        None,
+        description="Comma-separated vessel types: cargo,tanker,passenger,fishing,military,other",
+    ),
+    limit: int = Query(1000, ge=1, le=MAX_SNAPSHOT_LIMIT),
+    since_minutes: int = Query(60, ge=1, le=1440),
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+):
+    if not bbox:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="bbox is required")
+    parsed_bbox = _parse_bbox(bbox)
+    if parsed_bbox is None:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="bbox is required")
+    return await build_vessel_snapshot_response(
+        db,
+        bbox=parsed_bbox,
+        zoom=zoom,
+        type_filter=type,
+        limit=limit,
+        since_minutes=since_minutes,
+    )

backend/app/api/v1/visualization.py

@@ -4,17 +4,20 @@ Unified API for all visualization data sources.
 Returns GeoJSON format compatible with Three.js, CesiumJS, and Unreal Cesium.
 """
 
+import asyncio
+import base64
+from collections import OrderedDict
 from datetime import UTC, datetime, timedelta
 import math
 import re
 import httpx
 from fastapi import APIRouter, HTTPException, Depends, Query, Response
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from sqlalchemy import select, func
 from typing import List, Dict, Any, Optional
 
 from app.core.collected_data_fields import get_record_field
-from app.core.countries import get_country_centroid
 from app.core.satellite_tle import build_tle_lines_from_elements
 from app.core.time import to_iso8601_utc
 from app.db.session import get_db
@@ -25,7 +28,22 @@ from app.models.collected_data import CollectedData
 from app.models.vessel import AISSourceHealth, VesselPosition, VesselStatic
 from app.services.bgp_collectors import build_bgp_collector_coverage
 from app.services.cable_graph import build_graph_from_data, CableGraph, haversine_distance
+from app.services.compute_center_locations import (
+    RENDERABLE_PRECISIONS,
+    ResolutionDiagnostic,
+    build_compute_center_location_query,
+    collect_location_candidates,
+    refresh_compute_center_location_cache,
+    resolve_compute_center_location_full,
+    upsert_compute_center_location,
+)
+from app.services.ai_client import get_ai_provider_client
+from app.api.v1.settings import get_web_search_client
 from app.services.collectors.bgp_common import RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS
+from app.services.location.llm_fallback import (
+    collect_llm_location_fallback_candidate,
+    collect_location_search_evidence,
+)
 from app.services.persistent_logs import record_system_log
 from app.services.vessel_ais_aggregation import (
     build_field_conflict_candidates,
@@ -33,8 +51,10 @@ from app.services.vessel_ais_aggregation import (
     get_aggregated_vessel,
     get_aggregated_vessel_track,
     get_aggregated_vessels,
+    get_aggregated_vessels_snapshot,
     get_vessel_conflict_records,
     get_vessel_raw_observations,
+    MAX_SNAPSHOT_LIMIT,
 )
 from app.core.logging import get_logger
 
@@ -43,7 +63,22 @@ logger = get_logger(__name__, service="api")
 TERRAIN_TILE_URL_TEMPLATE = (
     "https://s3.amazonaws.com/elevation-tiles-prod/terrarium/{z}/{x}/{y}.png"
 )
+TERRAIN_TILE_CACHE_MAX_ITEMS = 512
+TERRAIN_TILE_BATCH_MAX_ITEMS = 128
+TERRAIN_TILE_BATCH_CONCURRENCY = 16
+_terrain_tile_cache: OrderedDict[tuple[int, int, int], tuple[bytes, str, dict[str, str]]] = OrderedDict()
 VESSEL_NAME_FALLBACK_PATTERN = re.compile(r"^mmsi\s*\d+$", re.IGNORECASE)
+VESSEL_SNAPSHOT_LEGACY_FALLBACK_ENABLED = True
+
+
+class TerrariumTileRequest(BaseModel):
+    z: int = Field(ge=0, le=14)
+    x: int = Field(ge=0)
+    y: int = Field(ge=0)
+
+
+class TerrariumTileBatchRequest(BaseModel):
+    tiles: List[TerrariumTileRequest] = Field(min_length=1, max_length=TERRAIN_TILE_BATCH_MAX_ITEMS)
 
 
 # ============== Converter Functions ==============
@@ -536,100 +571,6 @@ def _parse_float(value: Any) -> Optional[float]:
         return None
 
 
-COMPUTE_CENTER_COORDINATE_HINTS = (
-    ("el capitan", 37.6819, -121.7681),
-    ("livermore", 37.6819, -121.7681),
-    ("llnl", 37.6819, -121.7681),
-    ("lawrence livermore", 37.6819, -121.7681),
-    ("frontier", 35.9319, -84.3107),
-    ("oak ridge", 35.9319, -84.3107),
-    ("ornl", 35.9319, -84.3107),
-    ("aurora", 41.7130, -87.9820),
-    ("argonne", 41.7130, -87.9820),
-    ("anl", 41.7130, -87.9820),
-    ("fugaku", 34.6953, 135.1974),
-    ("kobe", 34.6953, 135.1974),
-    ("riken", 34.6953, 135.1974),
-    ("summit", 35.9319, -84.3107),
-    ("leonardo", 44.4949, 11.3426),
-    ("bologna", 44.4949, 11.3426),
-    ("alps", 46.0037, 8.9511),
-    ("lugano", 46.0037, 8.9511),
-    ("sunway taihulight", 31.4912, 120.3119),
-    ("wuxi", 31.4912, 120.3119),
-    ("tianhe-2", 23.1291, 113.2644),
-    ("tianhe-2a", 23.1291, 113.2644),
-    ("guangzhou", 23.1291, 113.2644),
-    ("colossus", 35.1495, -90.0490),
-    ("memphis", 35.1495, -90.0490),
-    ("xai", 35.1495, -90.0490),
-)
-
-
-def _normalize_hint_text(*parts: Any) -> str:
-    return " ".join(
-        str(part).strip().lower()
-        for part in parts
-        if part not in (None, "")
-    )
-
-
-def _resolve_compute_center_coordinates(
-    record: CollectedData,
-    metadata: Dict[str, Any],
-) -> Dict[str, Any]:
-    latitude = _parse_float(get_record_field(record, "latitude"))
-    longitude = _parse_float(get_record_field(record, "longitude"))
-    if latitude not in (None, 0.0) and longitude not in (None, 0.0):
-        return {
-            "latitude": latitude,
-            "longitude": longitude,
-            "location_precision": "precise",
-            "geography_mode": "source_coordinates",
-            "is_estimated": False,
-            "estimated_reason": None,
-        }
-
-    hint_text = _normalize_hint_text(
-        record.name,
-        get_record_field(record, "city"),
-        get_record_field(record, "country"),
-        metadata.get("site"),
-        metadata.get("organization"),
-        metadata.get("operator"),
-    )
-    for needle, resolved_latitude, resolved_longitude in COMPUTE_CENTER_COORDINATE_HINTS:
-        if needle in hint_text:
-            return {
-                "latitude": resolved_latitude,
-                "longitude": resolved_longitude,
-                "location_precision": "estimated_site",
-                "geography_mode": "site_hint",
-                "is_estimated": True,
-                "estimated_reason": f"Matched known site hint: {needle}",
-            }
-
-    centroid = get_country_centroid(get_record_field(record, "country"))
-    if centroid:
-        return {
-            "latitude": centroid.get("latitude"),
-            "longitude": centroid.get("longitude"),
-            "location_precision": "estimated_country",
-            "geography_mode": "country_centroid",
-            "is_estimated": True,
-            "estimated_reason": "Estimated from country centroid",
-        }
-
-    return {
-        "latitude": latitude,
-        "longitude": longitude,
-        "location_precision": "unknown",
-        "geography_mode": "unknown",
-        "is_estimated": True,
-        "estimated_reason": "No resolvable location hints",
-    }
-
-
 def _normalize_capacity_band(capacity_value: Optional[float], capacity_unit: str) -> str:
     if capacity_value is None:
         return "unknown"
@@ -654,22 +595,49 @@ def _normalize_capacity_band(capacity_value: Optional[float], capacity_unit: str
 
 
 def convert_compute_centers_to_geojson(records: List[CollectedData]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
-    """Convert compute infrastructure records into a unified GeoJSON layer."""
-    features = []
+    """Convert compute infrastructure records into a unified GeoJSON layer.
+
+    Records that cannot be resolved to at least city-level precision are NOT
+    silently dropped: they are returned in ``unresolved`` so the UI can offer
+    the click-to-collect coordinate flow. The features list never contains
+    ``[0, 0]`` placeholders or country/region/unknown precision points.
+    """
+    features: List[Dict[str, Any]] = []
+    unresolved: List[Dict[str, Any]] = []
 
     for record in records:
         metadata = record.extra_data or {}
-        coordinate_info = _resolve_compute_center_coordinates(record, metadata)
-        latitude = coordinate_info.get("latitude")
-        longitude = coordinate_info.get("longitude")
+        result = resolve_compute_center_location_full(record, metadata)
         site_type = (
             "supercomputer"
             if record.source == "top500" or record.data_type == "supercomputer"
             else "gpu_cluster"
         )
-        if latitude in (None, 0.0) or longitude in (None, 0.0):
+
+        if not result.is_resolved:
+            diagnostic = result.diagnostic or ResolutionDiagnostic(
+                failure_reason="Unknown resolver failure",
+                attempted_queries=(),
+                record_id=getattr(record, "id", None),
+                source=getattr(record, "source", None),
+                source_id=getattr(record, "source_id", None),
+                name=getattr(record, "name", None),
+            )
+            unresolved.append({
+                **diagnostic.to_dict(),
+                "site_type": site_type,
+            })
             continue
 
+        location = result.location
+        if location is None or not location.is_renderable:
+            # Defensive: should not happen because is_resolved guards this.
+            continue
+
+        location_props = location.to_geojson_properties()
+        latitude = location.latitude
+        longitude = location.longitude
+
         if site_type == "supercomputer":
             capacity_value = _parse_float(get_record_field(record, "rmax"))
             capacity_unit = "GFlops"
@@ -699,15 +667,16 @@ def convert_compute_centers_to_geojson(records: List[CollectedData]) -> Dict[str
                 "id": record.id,
                 "geometry": {
                     "type": "Point",
-                    "coordinates": [longitude or 0, latitude or 0],
+                    "coordinates": [longitude, latitude],
                 },
                 "properties": {
                     "id": record.id,
                     "source_id": record.source_id,
                     "name": record.name,
                     "site_type": site_type,
-                    "country": get_record_field(record, "country"),
-                    "city": get_record_field(record, "city"),
+                    "country": get_record_field(record, "country") or location.country,
+                    "city": get_record_field(record, "city") or location.city,
+                    "region": location.region,
                     "latitude": latitude,
                     "longitude": longitude,
                     "operator": operator,
@@ -723,17 +692,14 @@ def convert_compute_centers_to_geojson(records: List[CollectedData]) -> Dict[str
                     "source": record.source,
                     "updated_at": updated_at,
                     "status": "observed",
-                    "location_precision": coordinate_info.get("location_precision"),
-                    "geography_mode": coordinate_info.get("geography_mode"),
-                    "is_estimated": coordinate_info.get("is_estimated", False),
-                    "estimated_reason": coordinate_info.get("estimated_reason"),
+                    **location_props,
                     "data_type": "compute_center",
                     "metadata": metadata,
                 },
             }
         )
 
-    return {"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": features}
+    return {"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": features, "unresolved": unresolved}
 
 
 VESSEL_TYPE_FILTERS = {
@@ -976,6 +942,39 @@ def _merge_vessel_features(
     }
 
 
+async def _load_legacy_vessel_snapshot_features(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    *,
+    bbox: tuple[float, float, float, float] | None,
+    limit: int,
+) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
+    latest_positions = select(
+        VesselPosition.mmsi.label("mmsi"),
+        func.max(VesselPosition.received_at).label("received_at"),
+    )
+    if bbox is not None:
+        lon_min, lat_min, lon_max, lat_max = bbox
+        latest_positions = latest_positions.where(VesselPosition.lon >= lon_min)
+        latest_positions = latest_positions.where(VesselPosition.lon <= lon_max)
+        latest_positions = latest_positions.where(VesselPosition.lat >= lat_min)
+        latest_positions = latest_positions.where(VesselPosition.lat <= lat_max)
+
+    latest_positions = latest_positions.group_by(VesselPosition.mmsi).subquery()
+    result = await db.execute(
+        select(VesselPosition, VesselStatic)
+        .join(
+            latest_positions,
+            (VesselPosition.mmsi == latest_positions.c.mmsi)
+            & (VesselPosition.received_at == latest_positions.c.received_at),
+        )
+        .outerjoin(VesselStatic, VesselStatic.mmsi == VesselPosition.mmsi)
+        .order_by(VesselPosition.received_at.desc())
+        .limit(limit)
+    )
+    legacy_geojson = convert_vessels_to_geojson(list(result.all()))
+    return legacy_geojson.get("features", [])[:limit]
+
+
 def _build_vessel_stats(features: List[dict[str, Any]]) -> dict[str, Any]:
     by_type: dict[str, int] = {}
     underway = 0
@@ -997,6 +996,52 @@ def _build_vessel_stats(features: List[dict[str, Any]]) -> dict[str, Any]:
     }
 
 
+def _safe_vessel_limit(value: int | None, *, default: int = 1000) -> int:
+    if value is None or value <= 0:
+        return default
+    return min(value, MAX_SNAPSHOT_LIMIT)
+
+
+async def build_vessel_snapshot_response(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    *,
+    bbox: tuple[float, float, float, float] | None,
+    zoom: int | None,
+    type_filter: str | None,
+    limit: int | None,
+    since_minutes: int = 60,
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    requested_types = _requested_vessel_types(type_filter)
+    safe_limit = _safe_vessel_limit(limit)
+    safe_since_minutes = min(max(int(since_minutes or 60), 1), 1440)
+    observed_since = datetime.now(UTC) - timedelta(minutes=safe_since_minutes)
+    features, diagnostics = await _load_raw_vessel_snapshot_features(
+        db,
+        bbox=bbox,
+        limit=safe_limit,
+        observed_since=observed_since,
+    )
+    features = _filter_vessel_features(
+        features,
+        bbox=bbox,
+        requested_types=requested_types,
+    )[:safe_limit]
+    return {
+        "type": "FeatureCollection",
+        "features": features,
+        "count": len(features),
+        "stats": _build_vessel_stats(features),
+        "diagnostics": {
+            **diagnostics,
+            "filtered_count": len(features),
+            "bbox_applied": bbox is not None,
+            "zoom": zoom,
+            "limit": safe_limit,
+            "since_minutes": safe_since_minutes,
+        },
+    }
+
+
 def convert_bgp_anomalies_to_geojson(
     records: List[BGPAnomaly],
     geography_hints: Optional[Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
@@ -1486,18 +1531,12 @@ async def get_landing_points_geojson(db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db)):
 @router.get("/terrain/terrarium/{z}/{x}/{y}.png")
 async def get_terrarium_tile(z: int, x: int, y: int):
     """Proxy Terrarium elevation tiles through the backend to avoid browser CORS issues."""
-    if z < 0 or x < 0 or y < 0:
+    if not _is_valid_terrain_tile(z, x, y):
         raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Invalid terrain tile coordinates")
 
-    url = TERRAIN_TILE_URL_TEMPLATE.format(z=z, x=x, y=y)
-
     try:
-        async with httpx.AsyncClient(
-            timeout=20.0,
-            follow_redirects=True,
-        ) as client:
-            upstream = await client.get(url)
-            upstream.raise_for_status()
+        async with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=20.0, follow_redirects=True) as client:
+            content, content_type, headers = await _fetch_terrain_tile(client, z, x, y)
     except httpx.HTTPStatusError as exc:
         raise HTTPException(
             status_code=exc.response.status_code,
@@ -1509,22 +1548,140 @@ async def get_terrarium_tile(z: int, x: int, y: int):
             detail=f"Terrain tile fetch failed: {exc}",
         ) from exc
 
+    return Response(
+        content=content,
+        media_type=content_type,
+        headers=headers,
+    )
+
+
+def _is_valid_terrain_tile(z: int, x: int, y: int) -> bool:
+    if z < 0 or x < 0 or y < 0:
+        return False
+    max_tile = 2 ** z
+    return x < max_tile and y < max_tile
+
+
+def _get_cached_terrain_tile(z: int, x: int, y: int) -> tuple[bytes, str, dict[str, str]] | None:
+    key = (z, x, y)
+    cached = _terrain_tile_cache.get(key)
+    if cached is None:
+        return None
+    _terrain_tile_cache.move_to_end(key)
+    content, content_type, headers = cached
+    return content, content_type, dict(headers)
+
+
+def _cache_terrain_tile(
+    z: int,
+    x: int,
+    y: int,
+    content: bytes,
+    content_type: str,
+    headers: dict[str, str],
+) -> None:
+    key = (z, x, y)
+    _terrain_tile_cache[key] = (content, content_type, dict(headers))
+    _terrain_tile_cache.move_to_end(key)
+    while len(_terrain_tile_cache) > TERRAIN_TILE_CACHE_MAX_ITEMS:
+        _terrain_tile_cache.popitem(last=False)
+
+
+async def _fetch_terrain_tile(
+    client: httpx.AsyncClient,
+    z: int,
+    x: int,
+    y: int,
+) -> tuple[bytes, str, dict[str, str]]:
+    cached = _get_cached_terrain_tile(z, x, y)
+    if cached is not None:
+        return cached
+
+    url = TERRAIN_TILE_URL_TEMPLATE.format(z=z, x=x, y=y)
+    upstream = await client.get(url)
+    upstream.raise_for_status()
+
     cache_control = upstream.headers.get("cache-control") or "public, max-age=86400"
-    etag = upstream.headers.get("etag")
-    last_modified = upstream.headers.get("last-modified")
     headers = {
         "Cache-Control": cache_control,
     }
+    etag = upstream.headers.get("etag")
+    last_modified = upstream.headers.get("last-modified")
     if etag:
         headers["ETag"] = etag
     if last_modified:
         headers["Last-Modified"] = last_modified
 
-    return Response(
-        content=upstream.content,
-        media_type=upstream.headers.get("content-type", "image/png"),
-        headers=headers,
-    )
+    content_type = upstream.headers.get("content-type", "image/png")
+    content = upstream.content
+    _cache_terrain_tile(z, x, y, content, content_type, headers)
+    return content, content_type, dict(headers)
+
+
+@router.post("/terrain/terrarium/batch")
+async def get_terrarium_tile_batch(payload: TerrariumTileBatchRequest):
+    """Fetch Terrarium elevation tiles in batches so the browser avoids many tiny requests."""
+    unique_tiles: list[TerrariumTileRequest] = []
+    seen: set[tuple[int, int, int]] = set()
+    for tile in payload.tiles:
+        key = (tile.z, tile.x, tile.y)
+        if key in seen:
+            continue
+        seen.add(key)
+        if not _is_valid_terrain_tile(tile.z, tile.x, tile.y):
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Invalid terrain tile coordinates")
+        unique_tiles.append(tile)
+
+    semaphore = asyncio.Semaphore(TERRAIN_TILE_BATCH_CONCURRENCY)
+    results: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
+    errors: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
+
+    async with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=20.0, follow_redirects=True) as client:
+        async def fetch_one(tile: TerrariumTileRequest) -> None:
+            async with semaphore:
+                try:
+                    content, content_type, _headers = await _fetch_terrain_tile(
+                        client,
+                        tile.z,
+                        tile.x,
+                        tile.y,
+                    )
+                    results.append(
+                        {
+                            "z": tile.z,
+                            "x": tile.x,
+                            "y": tile.y,
+                            "content_type": content_type,
+                            "data": base64.b64encode(content).decode("ascii"),
+                        },
+                    )
+                except httpx.HTTPStatusError as exc:
+                    errors.append(
+                        {
+                            "z": tile.z,
+                            "x": tile.x,
+                            "y": tile.y,
+                            "status_code": exc.response.status_code,
+                            "message": f"upstream error: {exc.response.status_code}",
+                        },
+                    )
+                except httpx.HTTPError as exc:
+                    errors.append(
+                        {
+                            "z": tile.z,
+                            "x": tile.x,
+                            "y": tile.y,
+                            "status_code": 502,
+                            "message": str(exc),
+                        },
+                    )
+
+        await asyncio.gather(*(fetch_one(tile) for tile in unique_tiles))
+
+    return {
+        "tiles": results,
+        "errors": errors,
+    }
 
 
 @router.get("/geo/all")
@@ -1659,110 +1816,359 @@ async def get_compute_centers_geojson(
         return {
             "type": "FeatureCollection",
             "features": [],
+            "unresolved": [],
             "count": 0,
             "stats": {
                 "total": 0,
                 "supercomputers": 0,
                 "gpu_clusters": 0,
+                "unresolved": 0,
             },
         }
 
+    await refresh_compute_center_location_cache(db)
     geojson = convert_compute_centers_to_geojson(records)
     features = geojson.get("features", [])
+    unresolved = geojson.get("unresolved", [])
+    # Belt-and-suspenders: ensure no Feature ever sneaks through without
+    # city-or-better precision and finite, non-zero coordinates.
+    sanitized_features: List[Dict[str, Any]] = []
+    for feature in features:
+        coords = feature.get("geometry", {}).get("coordinates") or []
+        precision = feature.get("properties", {}).get("location_precision")
+        if precision not in RENDERABLE_PRECISIONS:
+            unresolved.append({
+                "failure_reason": f"Rejected non-renderable precision '{precision}'",
+                "record_id": feature.get("id"),
+                "source_id": feature.get("properties", {}).get("source_id"),
+                "name": feature.get("properties", {}).get("name"),
+            })
+            continue
+        if (
+            len(coords) != 2
+            or coords[0] in (None, 0, 0.0)
+            or coords[1] in (None, 0, 0.0)
+        ):
+            unresolved.append({
+                "failure_reason": "Rejected feature with [0,0] or invalid coordinates",
+                "record_id": feature.get("id"),
+                "source_id": feature.get("properties", {}).get("source_id"),
+                "name": feature.get("properties", {}).get("name"),
+            })
+            continue
+        sanitized_features.append(feature)
     return {
-        **geojson,
-        "count": len(features),
+        "type": "FeatureCollection",
+        "features": sanitized_features,
+        "unresolved": unresolved,
+        "count": len(sanitized_features),
         "stats": {
-            "total": len(features),
+            "total": len(sanitized_features),
             "supercomputers": sum(
-                1 for feature in features
+                1 for feature in sanitized_features
                 if feature.get("properties", {}).get("site_type") == "supercomputer"
             ),
             "gpu_clusters": sum(
-                1 for feature in features
+                1 for feature in sanitized_features
                 if feature.get("properties", {}).get("site_type") == "gpu_cluster"
             ),
+            "unresolved": len(unresolved),
         },
     }
 
 
-@router.get("/geo/vessels")
-async def get_vessels_geojson(
-    bbox: Optional[str] = Query(
-        None,
-        description="Viewport bbox as lon_min,lat_min,lon_max,lat_max",
-    ),
-    type: Optional[str] = Query(
-        None,
-        description="Comma-separated vessel types: cargo,tanker,passenger,fishing,military,other",
-    ),
-    limit: Optional[int] = Query(
-        None,
-        ge=0,
-        description="Maximum vessel features to return. Omit or pass 0 for no limit.",
-    ),
+class CollectComputeCenterLocationRequest(BaseModel):
+    name: Optional[str] = None
+    source: Optional[str] = None
+    operator: Optional[str] = None
+    site: Optional[str] = None
+    organization: Optional[str] = None
+    city: Optional[str] = None
+    country: Optional[str] = None
+    record_id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, alias="id")
+
+    model_config = {"populate_by_name": True}
+
+
+class SaveComputeCenterLocationRequest(BaseModel):
+    source: Optional[str] = None
+    name: Optional[str] = None
+    operator: Optional[str] = None
+    site: Optional[str] = None
+    city: Optional[str] = None
+    country: Optional[str] = None
+    latitude: float
+    longitude: float
+    precision: str = "city"
+    confidence: Optional[float] = None
+    location_source: Optional[str] = None
+    source_url: Optional[str] = None
+    source_note: Optional[str] = None
+    raw_payload: Dict[str, Any] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+    needs_confirmation: bool = False
+    verification_status: Optional[str] = None
+
+    model_config = {"populate_by_name": True}
+
+
+@router.post("/compute-centers/{source_id}/collect-location")
+async def collect_compute_center_location(
+    source_id: str,
+    payload: CollectComputeCenterLocationRequest,
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
 ):
-    """Return latest vessel positions as GeoJSON points."""
-    parsed_bbox = _parse_bbox(bbox)
-    requested_types = _requested_vessel_types(type)
-    merged_features, diagnostics = await _load_merged_vessel_features(db)
-    features = _filter_vessel_features(
-        merged_features,
-        bbox=parsed_bbox,
-        requested_types=requested_types,
+    """Run the full multi-query location collection pipeline for a record.
+
+    The endpoint accepts the source_id of a compute center plus contextual
+    fields (name/operator/site/city/country/...) and returns ranked candidate
+    locations from source coordinates, open organization lookups, and online
+    geocoding combinations. The caller never has to type coordinates by hand:
+    if any candidate is accepted it can be applied directly. If no candidate
+    can reach city-level precision the response includes an explicit
+    ``failure_reason`` and the list of attempted queries.
+    """
+    if not source_id or not source_id.strip():
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="source_id is required")
+
+    record = await _load_compute_center_record(db, source_id)
+    name = payload.name or (record.name if record else None)
+    metadata = (record.extra_data or {}) if record else {}
+
+    operator = payload.operator or metadata.get("operator") or metadata.get("organization") or metadata.get("owner")
+    site = payload.site or metadata.get("site")
+    organization = payload.organization or metadata.get("organization")
+    city = payload.city or get_record_field(record, "city") if record else payload.city
+    country = payload.country or (get_record_field(record, "country") if record else None)
+    source = payload.source or (record.source if record else None)
+    record_id = payload.record_id or (record.id if record else None)
+
+    candidates, attempted_queries = collect_location_candidates(
+        name=name,
+        source=source,
+        source_id=source_id,
+        operator=operator,
+        site=site,
+        organization=organization,
+        city=city,
+        country=country,
+        record_id=record_id,
     )
-    if limit and limit > 0:
-        features = features[:limit]
+    llm_failure_reason = None
+    if not candidates:
+        query = build_compute_center_location_query(
+            name=name,
+            source=source,
+            source_id=source_id,
+            operator=operator,
+            site=site,
+            organization=organization,
+            city=city,
+            country=country,
+        )
+        llm_result = None
+        try:
+            web_search_client = await get_web_search_client(db)
+            search_result = await collect_location_search_evidence(
+                web_search_client=web_search_client,
+                query=query,
+                entity_type="compute_center",
+            )
+            attempted_queries = [*attempted_queries, *search_result.attempted_queries]
+            if not search_result.evidence:
+                llm_failure_reason = search_result.failure_reason
+                raise RuntimeError(search_result.failure_reason or "no WebSearch evidence")
+            provider_client = await get_ai_provider_client(db)
+            llm_result = await collect_llm_location_fallback_candidate(
+                provider_client=provider_client,
+                query=query,
+                entity_type="compute_center",
+                attempted_queries=attempted_queries,
+                search_evidence=search_result.evidence,
+            )
+        except Exception as exc:
+            if llm_failure_reason is None:
+                llm_failure_reason = f"LLM location factcheck unavailable: {exc}"
+                attempted_queries = [
+                    *attempted_queries,
+                    f"llm_factcheck:compute_center:{name or source_id or 'unknown'}",
+                ]
+        if llm_result is not None:
+            attempted_queries = [*attempted_queries, *llm_result.attempted_queries]
+            candidates = llm_result.candidates
+            llm_failure_reason = llm_result.failure_reason
+
+    if not candidates:
+        return {
+            "source_id": source_id,
+            "record_id": record_id,
+            "name": name,
+            "success": False,
+            "failure_reason": (
+                "No source coordinates, organization lookup, or online geocoding"
+                " result reached city-level precision."
+            ),
+            "candidates": [],
+            "attempted_queries": list(attempted_queries),
+            "llm_failure_reason": llm_failure_reason,
+            "context": {
+                "name": name,
+                "operator": operator,
+                "site": site,
+                "city": city,
+                "country": country,
+            },
+        }
+
     return {
-        "type": "FeatureCollection",
-        "features": features,
-        "count": len(features),
-        "stats": _build_vessel_stats(features),
-        "diagnostics": {
-            **diagnostics,
-            "filtered_count": len(features),
+        "source_id": source_id,
+        "record_id": record_id,
+        "name": name,
+        "success": True,
+        "candidates": [candidate.to_dict() for candidate in candidates],
+        "best_candidate": candidates[0].to_dict(),
+        "attempted_queries": list(attempted_queries),
+        "context": {
+            "name": name,
+            "operator": operator,
+            "site": site,
+            "city": city,
+            "country": country,
         },
     }
 
 
-async def _load_merged_vessel_features(db: AsyncSession) -> tuple[list[dict[str, Any]], dict[str, Any]]:
-    aggregated_vessels = await get_aggregated_vessels(db)
-    raw_geojson = convert_aggregated_vessels_to_geojson(aggregated_vessels)
+@router.post("/compute-centers/{source_id}/location")
+async def save_compute_center_location(
+    source_id: str,
+    payload: SaveComputeCenterLocationRequest,
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+):
+    """Persist the user-selected compute-center location candidate."""
+    if not source_id or not source_id.strip():
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="source_id is required")
+    if payload.latitude in (0.0, None) or payload.longitude in (0.0, None):
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="latitude/longitude are required")
+    if payload.precision not in RENDERABLE_PRECISIONS:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="precision must be precise, site, or city")
 
-    latest_times = (
-        select(
-            VesselPosition.mmsi.label("mmsi"),
-            func.max(VesselPosition.received_at).label("received_at"),
-        )
-        .group_by(VesselPosition.mmsi)
-        .subquery()
+    record = await _load_compute_center_record(db, source_id)
+    metadata = (record.extra_data or {}) if record else {}
+    record_source = payload.source or (record.source if record else None)
+    if not record_source:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="source is required for unknown compute center")
+
+    operator = (
+        payload.operator
+        or metadata.get("operator")
+        or metadata.get("organization")
+        or metadata.get("owner")
+        or metadata.get("manufacturer")
     )
-    stmt = (
-        select(VesselPosition, VesselStatic)
-        .join(
-            latest_times,
-            (VesselPosition.mmsi == latest_times.c.mmsi)
-            & (VesselPosition.received_at == latest_times.c.received_at),
-        )
-        .outerjoin(VesselStatic, VesselStatic.mmsi == VesselPosition.mmsi)
-        .order_by(VesselPosition.received_at.desc())
+    site = payload.site or metadata.get("site") or metadata.get("organization")
+    saved = await upsert_compute_center_location(
+        db,
+        source=record_source,
+        source_id=source_id,
+        name=payload.name or (record.name if record else None),
+        operator=operator,
+        site=site,
+        city=payload.city or (get_record_field(record, "city") if record else None),
+        country=payload.country or (get_record_field(record, "country") if record else None),
+        latitude=payload.latitude,
+        longitude=payload.longitude,
+        precision=payload.precision,
+        confidence=payload.confidence,
+        location_source=payload.location_source or "manual_selection",
+        source_url=payload.source_url,
+        source_note=payload.source_note,
+        raw_payload=payload.raw_payload,
+        needs_confirmation=payload.needs_confirmation,
+        verification_status=payload.verification_status
+        or ("unverified" if payload.needs_confirmation else "verified"),
     )
 
-    result = await db.execute(stmt)
-    rows = list(result.all())
-    legacy_geojson = convert_vessels_to_geojson(rows)
-    merged_features, diagnostics = _merge_vessel_features(
-        raw_geojson.get("features", []),
-        legacy_geojson.get("features", []),
-    )
-    return merged_features, {
-        **diagnostics,
-        "raw_feature_count": len(raw_geojson.get("features", [])),
-        "legacy_feature_count": len(legacy_geojson.get("features", [])),
+    return {
+        "success": True,
+        "source": saved.source,
+        "source_id": saved.source_id,
+        "location": saved.to_location_dict(),
     }
 
 
+async def _load_compute_center_record(db: AsyncSession, source_id: str) -> CollectedData | None:
+    stmt = (
+        select(CollectedData)
+        .where(CollectedData.source_id == source_id)
+        .where(CollectedData.source.in_(["top500", "epoch_ai_gpu"]))
+        .order_by(CollectedData.is_current.desc(), CollectedData.id.desc())
+        .limit(1)
+    )
+    result = await db.execute(stmt)
+    return result.scalars().first()
+
+
+async def _load_raw_vessel_snapshot_features(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    *,
+    bbox: tuple[float, float, float, float] | None,
+    limit: int,
+    observed_since: datetime,
+) -> tuple[list[dict[str, Any]], dict[str, Any]]:
+    if bbox is None:
+        aggregated_vessels = await get_aggregated_vessels(
+            db,
+            limit=limit,
+            observed_since=observed_since,
+        )
+    else:
+        aggregated_vessels = await get_aggregated_vessels_snapshot(
+            db,
+            bbox=bbox,
+            limit=limit,
+            observed_since=observed_since,
+        )
+    raw_geojson = convert_aggregated_vessels_to_geojson(aggregated_vessels)
+    raw_features = raw_geojson.get("features", [])
+    features = raw_features
+    legacy_features: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
+    legacy_fallback_used = False
+    if not raw_features and VESSEL_SNAPSHOT_LEGACY_FALLBACK_ENABLED:
+        legacy_features = await _load_legacy_vessel_snapshot_features(
+            db,
+            bbox=bbox,
+            limit=limit,
+        )
+        features, _merge_diagnostics = _merge_vessel_features(raw_features, legacy_features)
+        legacy_fallback_used = bool(legacy_features)
+
+    return features, {
+        "raw_feature_count": len(raw_features),
+        "raw_unique_mmsi": len(
+            {
+                key
+                for key in (_feature_mmsi_key(feature) for feature in raw_features)
+                if key is not None
+            }
+        ),
+        "legacy_feature_count": len(legacy_features),
+        "legacy_backfilled_mmsi": len(
+            {
+                key
+                for key in (_feature_mmsi_key(feature) for feature in legacy_features)
+                if key is not None
+            }
+        ),
+        "legacy_fallback_enabled": VESSEL_SNAPSHOT_LEGACY_FALLBACK_ENABLED,
+        "legacy_fallback_used": legacy_fallback_used,
+        "final_unique_mmsi": len(
+            {
+                key
+                for key in (_feature_mmsi_key(feature) for feature in features)
+                if key is not None
+            }
+        ),
+    }
+
 @router.get("/vessels/custom-supplements")
 async def get_vessel_custom_supplements(db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db)):
     """Group custom vessel_ais sources by their declared merge target for diagnostics."""
@@ -2087,7 +2493,12 @@ async def get_visualization_geo_summary(db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db)):
         select(func.count(func.distinct(VesselPosition.mmsi)))
     )
     legacy_unique_mmsi = int(legacy_unique_result.scalar() or 0)
-    vessel_count = max(raw_unique_mmsi, legacy_unique_mmsi)
+    legacy_fallback_active = (
+        VESSEL_SNAPSHOT_LEGACY_FALLBACK_ENABLED
+        and raw_unique_mmsi == 0
+        and legacy_unique_mmsi > 0
+    )
+    vessel_count = legacy_unique_mmsi if legacy_fallback_active else raw_unique_mmsi
     aisstream_health = await db.get(AISSourceHealth, "aisstream_vessels")
 
     return {
@@ -2098,6 +2509,8 @@ async def get_visualization_geo_summary(db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db)):
             "satellite_count": satellite_count,
             "compute_center_count": compute_center_count,
             "vessel_count": vessel_count,
+            "vessel_count_source": "legacy_fallback" if legacy_fallback_active else "raw_recent",
+            "vessel_legacy_fallback_enabled": VESSEL_SNAPSHOT_LEGACY_FALLBACK_ENABLED,
             "vessel_raw_unique_mmsi": raw_unique_mmsi,
             "vessel_raw_unique_window_hours": raw_unique_window_hours,
             "vessel_legacy_unique_mmsi": legacy_unique_mmsi,

backend/app/api/v1/websocket.py

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 """WebSocket API endpoints"""
 
 import asyncio
-import json
 from datetime import UTC, datetime
 from typing import Optional
 
@@ -95,14 +94,44 @@ async def websocket_endpoint(
                         }
                     )
                 elif data.get("type") == "subscribe":
-                    channels = data.get("data", {}).get("channels", [])
+                    payload_data = data.get("data", {})
+                    if not isinstance(payload_data, dict):
+                        payload_data = {}
+                    channels = payload_data.get("channels", [])
+                    if isinstance(channels, str):
+                        channels = [channels]
+                    elif not isinstance(channels, list):
+                        channels = []
+                    channel = payload_data.get("channel")
+                    if channel and channel not in channels:
+                        channels = [*channels, channel]
                     if is_anonymous:
                         channels = [channel for channel in channels if channel in supported_channels]
+                    vessel_subscription = None
+                    if "vessels" in channels and "bbox" in payload_data:
+                        try:
+                            vessel_subscription = manager.subscribe_vessels(websocket, payload_data)
+                        except ValueError as exc:
+                            await websocket.send_json(
+                                {
+                                    "type": "subscription_error",
+                                    "data": {"channel": "vessels", "detail": str(exc)},
+                                }
+                            )
+                            continue
+                        channels = [channel for channel in channels if channel != "vessels"]
                     manager.subscribe(websocket, channels)
                     await websocket.send_json(
                         {
                             "type": "subscription_confirmed",
-                            "data": {"action": "subscribe", "channels": channels},
+                            "data": {
+                                "action": "subscribe",
+                                "channels": [
+                                    *channels,
+                                    *(["vessels"] if vessel_subscription else []),
+                                ],
+                                "vessels": vessel_subscription,
+                            },
                         }
                     )
                 elif data.get("type") == "unsubscribe":

backend/app/core/collected_data_fields.py

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ from typing import Any, Dict, Optional
 FIELD_ALIASES = {
     "country": ("country",),
     "city": ("city",),
-    "latitude": ("latitude",),
-    "longitude": ("longitude",),
+    "latitude": ("latitude", "lat"),
+    "longitude": ("longitude", "lon", "lng"),
     "value": ("value",),
     "unit": ("unit",),
     "cores": ("cores",),
@@ -14,6 +14,28 @@ FIELD_ALIASES = {
     "power": ("power",),
 }
 
+NESTED_FIELD_ALIASES = {
+    "latitude": (
+        ("location", "latitude"),
+        ("location", "lat"),
+        ("geo", "latitude"),
+        ("geo", "lat"),
+        ("coordinates", "latitude"),
+        ("coordinates", "lat"),
+    ),
+    "longitude": (
+        ("location", "longitude"),
+        ("location", "lon"),
+        ("location", "lng"),
+        ("geo", "longitude"),
+        ("geo", "lon"),
+        ("geo", "lng"),
+        ("coordinates", "longitude"),
+        ("coordinates", "lon"),
+        ("coordinates", "lng"),
+    ),
+}
+
 
 def get_metadata_field(metadata: Optional[Dict[str, Any]], field: str, fallback: Any = None) -> Any:
     if isinstance(metadata, dict):
@@ -21,9 +43,34 @@ def get_metadata_field(metadata: Optional[Dict[str, Any]], field: str, fallback:
             value = metadata.get(key)
             if value not in (None, ""):
                 return value
+        for path in NESTED_FIELD_ALIASES.get(field, ()):
+            current: Any = metadata
+            for key in path:
+                if not isinstance(current, dict):
+                    current = None
+                    break
+                current = current.get(key)
+            if current not in (None, ""):
+                return current
+        if field in {"latitude", "longitude"}:
+            value = _get_coordinate_sequence_value(metadata, field)
+            if value not in (None, ""):
+                return value
     return fallback
 
 
+def _get_coordinate_sequence_value(metadata: Dict[str, Any], field: str) -> Any:
+    for key in ("coordinates", "coord", "coords"):
+        value = metadata.get(key)
+        if not isinstance(value, (list, tuple)) or len(value) < 2:
+            continue
+        # GeoJSON uses [longitude, latitude]. Most raw collector tuples in this
+        # codebase use explicit field names, so only sequence aliases are treated
+        # as GeoJSON-shaped to avoid guessing.
+        return value[1] if field == "latitude" else value[0]
+    return None
+
+
 def build_dynamic_metadata(
     metadata: Optional[Dict[str, Any]],
     *,

backend/app/core/security.py

@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ async def get_current_user(
         )
     result = await db.execute(
         text(
-            "SELECT id, username, email, password_hash, role, is_active FROM users WHERE id = :id"
+            "SELECT id, username, email, password_hash, role, is_active, gatekeeper_groups FROM users WHERE id = :id"
         ),
         {"id": int(user_id)},
     )
@@ -122,6 +122,7 @@ async def get_current_user(
     user.password_hash = row[3]
     user.role = row[4]
     user.is_active = row[5]
+    user.gatekeeper_groups = row[6] or []
     return user
 
 
@@ -144,7 +145,7 @@ async def get_current_user_refresh(
         )
     result = await db.execute(
         text(
-            "SELECT id, username, email, password_hash, role, is_active FROM users WHERE id = :id"
+            "SELECT id, username, email, password_hash, role, is_active, gatekeeper_groups FROM users WHERE id = :id"
         ),
         {"id": int(user_id)},
     )
@@ -161,6 +162,7 @@ async def get_current_user_refresh(
     user.password_hash = row[3]
     user.role = row[4]
     user.is_active = row[5]
+    user.gatekeeper_groups = row[6] or []
     return user
 
 

backend/app/core/websocket/broadcaster.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 import asyncio
 from datetime import UTC, datetime
-from typing import Dict, Any, Optional
+from typing import Dict, Any
 
 from app.core.time import to_iso8601_utc
 from app.core.websocket.manager import manager
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@ class DataBroadcaster:
     def __init__(self):
         self.running = False
         self.tasks: Dict[str, asyncio.Task] = {}
+        self._pending_vessel_updates: Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]] = {}
+        self._vessel_flush_interval = 1.0
 
     async def get_dashboard_stats(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
         """Get dashboard statistics"""
@@ -68,6 +70,9 @@ class DataBroadcaster:
 
     async def broadcast_custom(self, channel: str, data: Dict[str, Any]):
         """Broadcast custom data to a specific channel"""
+        if channel == "vessels":
+            self.enqueue_vessel_update(data)
+            return
         await manager.broadcast(
             {
                 "type": "data_frame",
@@ -78,6 +83,58 @@ class DataBroadcaster:
             channel=channel,
         )
 
+    def enqueue_vessel_update(self, data: Dict[str, Any]):
+        vessels = data.get("vessels") if isinstance(data, dict) else None
+        if not isinstance(vessels, list):
+            return
+        source = data.get("source")
+        action = data.get("action") or "upsert"
+        created = data.get("created")
+        for vessel in vessels:
+            if not isinstance(vessel, dict):
+                continue
+            mmsi = vessel.get("mmsi")
+            if mmsi in (None, ""):
+                continue
+            self._pending_vessel_updates[str(mmsi)] = {
+                **vessel,
+                "_source": source,
+                "_action": action,
+                "_created": created,
+            }
+
+    async def flush_vessel_updates(self):
+        if not self._pending_vessel_updates:
+            return
+        pending = self._pending_vessel_updates
+        self._pending_vessel_updates = {}
+        vessels = []
+        for item in pending.values():
+            vessel = dict(item)
+            source = vessel.pop("_source", None)
+            action = vessel.pop("_action", "upsert")
+            created = vessel.pop("_created", None)
+            vessel["source"] = source
+            vessel["action"] = action
+            vessel["created"] = created
+            vessels.append(vessel)
+        await manager.broadcast_vessels(
+            {
+                "action": "upsert",
+                "source": "mixed",
+                "created": None,
+                "vessels": vessels,
+            }
+        )
+
+    async def broadcast_vessels_periodically(self):
+        while self.running:
+            try:
+                await self.flush_vessel_updates()
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+            await asyncio.sleep(self._vessel_flush_interval)
+
     async def broadcast_datasource_task_update(self, data: Dict[str, Any]):
         """Broadcast datasource task progress updates to connected clients."""
         await manager.broadcast(
@@ -95,6 +152,7 @@ class DataBroadcaster:
         if not self.running:
             self.running = True
             self.tasks["dashboard"] = asyncio.create_task(self.broadcast_stats(5))
+            self.tasks["vessels"] = asyncio.create_task(self.broadcast_vessels_periodically())
 
     def stop(self):
         """Stop all broadcasters"""
@@ -102,6 +160,7 @@ class DataBroadcaster:
         for task in self.tasks.values():
             task.cancel()
         self.tasks.clear()
+        self._pending_vessel_updates.clear()
 
 
 broadcaster = DataBroadcaster()

backend/app/core/websocket/manager.py

@@ -1,11 +1,16 @@
 """WebSocket Connection Manager"""
 
-from typing import Dict, Set, Optional
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+from typing import Any, Dict, Set, Optional
 from fastapi import WebSocket
 import redis.asyncio as redis
 
 from app.core.config import settings
 
+MAX_VESSEL_SUBSCRIPTION_LIMIT = 5000
+MAX_VESSEL_WS_MESSAGE_ITEMS = 1000
+MAX_VESSEL_BBOX_AREA = 2500.0
+
 
 class ConnectionManager:
     """Manages WebSocket connections"""
@@ -14,6 +19,7 @@ class ConnectionManager:
         self.active_connections: Dict[str, Set[WebSocket]] = {}  # user_id -> connections
         self.channel_subscriptions: Dict[str, Set[WebSocket]] = {}
         self.websocket_channels: Dict[WebSocket, Set[str]] = {}
+        self.vessel_subscriptions: Dict[WebSocket, dict[str, Any]] = {}
         self.redis_client: Optional[redis.Redis] = None
 
     async def connect(self, websocket: WebSocket, user_id: str):
@@ -72,6 +78,50 @@ class ConnectionManager:
         channels = list(self.websocket_channels.get(websocket, set()))
         if channels:
             self.unsubscribe(websocket, channels)
+        self.vessel_subscriptions.pop(websocket, None)
+
+    def subscribe_vessels(self, websocket: WebSocket, config: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        subscription = self._normalize_vessel_subscription(config)
+        self.channel_subscriptions.setdefault("vessels", set()).add(websocket)
+        self.websocket_channels.setdefault(websocket, set()).add("vessels")
+        self.vessel_subscriptions[websocket] = subscription
+        return subscription
+
+    def _normalize_vessel_subscription(self, config: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        bbox = config.get("bbox")
+        if not isinstance(bbox, (list, tuple)) or len(bbox) != 4:
+            raise ValueError("vessels subscription requires bbox=[lon_min,lat_min,lon_max,lat_max]")
+        try:
+            lon_min, lat_min, lon_max, lat_max = [float(value) for value in bbox]
+        except (TypeError, ValueError) as exc:
+            raise ValueError("bbox values must be numbers") from exc
+        if lat_min > lat_max:
+            lat_min, lat_max = lat_max, lat_min
+        if lon_min > lon_max:
+            lon_min, lon_max = lon_max, lon_min
+        if not (-180 <= lon_min <= 180 and -180 <= lon_max <= 180):
+            raise ValueError("bbox longitude values must be between -180 and 180")
+        if not (-90 <= lat_min <= 90 and -90 <= lat_max <= 90):
+            raise ValueError("bbox latitude values must be between -90 and 90")
+        if (lon_max - lon_min) * (lat_max - lat_min) > MAX_VESSEL_BBOX_AREA:
+            raise ValueError("bbox is too large; zoom in or request a smaller viewport")
+
+        zoom = int(config.get("zoom") or 1)
+        if zoom < 1 or zoom > 20:
+            raise ValueError("zoom must be between 1 and 20")
+        limit = min(max(int(config.get("limit") or 1000), 1), MAX_VESSEL_SUBSCRIPTION_LIMIT)
+        vessel_types = {
+            str(item).strip().lower()
+            for item in str(config.get("type") or "").split(",")
+            if str(item).strip()
+        }
+        return {
+            "bbox": (lon_min, lat_min, lon_max, lat_max),
+            "zoom": zoom,
+            "limit": limit,
+            "type": vessel_types,
+            "last_sent_at": None,
+        }
 
     async def send_personal_message(self, message: dict, user_id: str):
         if user_id in self.active_connections:
@@ -92,6 +142,58 @@ class ConnectionManager:
                 except Exception:
                     self.unsubscribe_all(connection)
 
+    async def broadcast_vessels(self, data: dict[str, Any]):
+        vessels = data.get("vessels") if isinstance(data, dict) else None
+        if not isinstance(vessels, list) or not vessels:
+            return
+
+        for connection, subscription in list(self.vessel_subscriptions.items()):
+            matched = [
+                vessel
+                for vessel in vessels
+                if self._vessel_matches_subscription(vessel, subscription)
+            ][: min(subscription["limit"], MAX_VESSEL_WS_MESSAGE_ITEMS)]
+            if not matched:
+                continue
+            subscription["last_sent_at"] = datetime.now(UTC)
+            message = {
+                "type": "data_frame",
+                "channel": "vessels",
+                "timestamp": subscription["last_sent_at"].isoformat(),
+                "payload": {
+                    **data,
+                    "vessels": matched,
+                    "subscription": {
+                        "bbox": list(subscription["bbox"]),
+                        "zoom": subscription["zoom"],
+                        "limit": subscription["limit"],
+                    },
+                },
+            }
+            try:
+                await connection.send_json(message)
+            except Exception:
+                self.unsubscribe_all(connection)
+
+    def _vessel_matches_subscription(
+        self,
+        vessel: dict[str, Any],
+        subscription: dict[str, Any],
+    ) -> bool:
+        try:
+            lon = float(vessel.get("lon"))
+            lat = float(vessel.get("lat"))
+        except (TypeError, ValueError):
+            return False
+        lon_min, lat_min, lon_max, lat_max = subscription["bbox"]
+        if not (lon_min <= lon <= lon_max and lat_min <= lat <= lat_max):
+            return False
+        requested_types = subscription.get("type") or set()
+        if not requested_types:
+            return True
+        type_name = str(vessel.get("vessel_type_name") or "").lower()
+        return any(requested_type in type_name for requested_type in requested_types)
+
     async def close_all(self):
         for user_id in self.active_connections:
             for connection in self.active_connections[user_id]:
@@ -99,6 +201,7 @@ class ConnectionManager:
         self.active_connections.clear()
         self.channel_subscriptions.clear()
         self.websocket_channels.clear()
+        self.vessel_subscriptions.clear()
 
 
 manager = ConnectionManager()

backend/app/data/seeds/ripe_ris_collector_locations_seed.json

@@ -0,0 +1,328 @@
+{
+  "_comment": "Seed payload for the bgp_collector_locations DB table. Coordinates were migrated from the legacy RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS table and default to city-center; seeded rows are unverified and should be upgraded in the database with source evidence when known.",
+  "locations": [
+    {
+      "canonical_name": "RIPE RIS rrc00",
+      "aliases": ["rrc00", "RIPE RIS rrc00", "AMS-IX"],
+      "operator": "RIPE NCC",
+      "site": "AMS-IX",
+      "city": "Amsterdam",
+      "country": "Netherlands",
+      "latitude": 52.3676,
+      "longitude": 4.9041,
+      "precision": "city",
+      "confidence": 0.85,
+      "source_note": "Migrated from RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS legacy table",
+      "verified_at": null
+    },
+    {
+      "canonical_name": "RIPE RIS rrc01",
+      "aliases": ["rrc01", "RIPE RIS rrc01", "LINX"],
+      "operator": "RIPE NCC",
+      "site": "LINX",
+      "city": "London",
+      "country": "United Kingdom",
+      "latitude": 51.5072,
+      "longitude": -0.1276,
+      "precision": "city",
+      "confidence": 0.85,
+      "source_note": "Migrated from RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS legacy table",
+      "verified_at": null
+    },
+    {
+      "canonical_name": "RIPE RIS rrc03",
+      "aliases": ["rrc03", "RIPE RIS rrc03", "AMS-IX"],
+      "operator": "RIPE NCC",
+      "site": "AMS-IX",
+      "city": "Amsterdam",
+      "country": "Netherlands",
+      "latitude": 52.3676,
+      "longitude": 4.9041,
+      "precision": "city",
+      "confidence": 0.85,
+      "source_note": "Migrated from RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS legacy table",
+      "verified_at": null
+    },
+    {
+      "canonical_name": "RIPE RIS rrc04",
+      "aliases": ["rrc04", "RIPE RIS rrc04", "CIXP", "CERN Internet Exchange Point"],
+      "operator": "RIPE NCC",
+      "site": "CIXP",
+      "city": "Geneva",
+      "country": "Switzerland",
+      "latitude": 46.2044,
+      "longitude": 6.1432,
+      "precision": "city",
+      "confidence": 0.85,
+      "source_note": "Migrated from RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS legacy table",
+      "verified_at": null
+    },
+    {
+      "canonical_name": "RIPE RIS rrc05",
+      "aliases": ["rrc05", "RIPE RIS rrc05", "VIX", "Vienna Internet Exchange"],
+      "operator": "RIPE NCC",
+      "site": "VIX",
+      "city": "Vienna",
+      "country": "Austria",
+      "latitude": 48.2082,
+      "longitude": 16.3738,
+      "precision": "city",
+      "confidence": 0.85,
+      "source_note": "Migrated from RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS legacy table",
+      "verified_at": null
+    },
+    {
+      "canonical_name": "RIPE RIS rrc06",
+      "aliases": ["rrc06", "RIPE RIS rrc06", "JPIX", "Otemachi"],
+      "operator": "RIPE NCC",
+      "site": "JPIX",
+      "city": "Otemachi",
+      "country": "Japan",
+      "latitude": 35.686,
+      "longitude": 139.7671,
+      "precision": "city",
+      "confidence": 0.85,
+      "source_note": "Migrated from RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS legacy table",
+      "verified_at": null
+    },
+    {
+      "canonical_name": "RIPE RIS rrc07",
+      "aliases": ["rrc07", "RIPE RIS rrc07", "Netnod", "Netnod Stockholm"],
+      "operator": "RIPE NCC",
+      "site": "Netnod Stockholm",
+      "city": "Stockholm",
+      "country": "Sweden",
+      "latitude": 59.3293,
+      "longitude": 18.0686,
+      "precision": "city",
+      "confidence": 0.85,
+      "source_note": "Migrated from RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS legacy table",
+      "verified_at": null
+    },
+    {
+      "canonical_name": "RIPE RIS rrc10",
+      "aliases": ["rrc10", "RIPE RIS rrc10", "MIX", "Milan Internet Exchange"],
+      "operator": "RIPE NCC",
+      "site": "MIX",
+      "city": "Milan",
+      "country": "Italy",
+      "latitude": 45.4642,
+      "longitude": 9.19,
+      "precision": "city",
+      "confidence": 0.85,
+      "source_note": "Migrated from RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS legacy table",
+      "verified_at": null
+    },
+    {
+      "canonical_name": "RIPE RIS rrc11",
+      "aliases": ["rrc11", "RIPE RIS rrc11", "NYIIX", "New York International Internet Exchange"],
+      "operator": "RIPE NCC",
+      "site": "NYIIX",
+      "city": "New York",
+      "country": "United States",
+      "latitude": 40.7128,
+      "longitude": -74.006,
+      "precision": "city",
+      "confidence": 0.85,
+      "source_note": "Migrated from RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS legacy table",
+      "verified_at": null
+    },
+    {
+      "canonical_name": "RIPE RIS rrc12",
+      "aliases": ["rrc12", "RIPE RIS rrc12", "DE-CIX", "DE-CIX Frankfurt"],
+      "operator": "RIPE NCC",
+      "site": "DE-CIX Frankfurt",
+      "city": "Frankfurt",
+      "country": "Germany",
+      "latitude": 50.1109,
+      "longitude": 8.6821,
+      "precision": "city",
+      "confidence": 0.85,
+      "source_note": "Migrated from RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS legacy table",
+      "verified_at": null
+    },
+    {
+      "canonical_name": "RIPE RIS rrc13",
+      "aliases": ["rrc13", "RIPE RIS rrc13", "MSK-IX"],
+      "operator": "RIPE NCC",
+      "site": "MSK-IX",
+      "city": "Moscow",
+      "country": "Russia",
+      "latitude": 55.7558,
+      "longitude": 37.6173,
+      "precision": "city",
+      "confidence": 0.85,
+      "source_note": "Migrated from RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS legacy table",
+      "verified_at": null
+    },
+    {
+      "canonical_name": "RIPE RIS rrc14",
+      "aliases": ["rrc14", "RIPE RIS rrc14", "PAIX", "Palo Alto Internet Exchange"],
+      "operator": "RIPE NCC",
+      "site": "PAIX",
+      "city": "Palo Alto",
+      "country": "United States",
+      "latitude": 37.4419,
+      "longitude": -122.143,
+      "precision": "city",
+      "confidence": 0.85,
+      "source_note": "Migrated from RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS legacy table",
+      "verified_at": null
+    },
+    {
+      "canonical_name": "RIPE RIS rrc15",
+      "aliases": ["rrc15", "RIPE RIS rrc15", "PTT.br Sao Paulo", "PTTMetro Sao Paulo"],
+      "operator": "RIPE NCC",
+      "site": "PTT.br",
+      "city": "Sao Paulo",
+      "country": "Brazil",
+      "latitude": -23.5558,
+      "longitude": -46.6396,
+      "precision": "city",
+      "confidence": 0.85,
+      "source_note": "Migrated from RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS legacy table",
+      "verified_at": null
+    },
+    {
+      "canonical_name": "RIPE RIS rrc16",
+      "aliases": ["rrc16", "RIPE RIS rrc16", "Equinix Miami", "NOTA Miami"],
+      "operator": "RIPE NCC",
+      "site": "Equinix Miami",
+      "city": "Miami",
+      "country": "United States",
+      "latitude": 25.7617,
+      "longitude": -80.1918,
+      "precision": "city",
+      "confidence": 0.85,
+      "source_note": "Migrated from RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS legacy table",
+      "verified_at": null
+    },
+    {
+      "canonical_name": "RIPE RIS rrc18",
+      "aliases": ["rrc18", "RIPE RIS rrc18", "CATNIX"],
+      "operator": "RIPE NCC",
+      "site": "CATNIX",
+      "city": "Barcelona",
+      "country": "Spain",
+      "latitude": 41.3874,
+      "longitude": 2.1686,
+      "precision": "city",
+      "confidence": 0.85,
+      "source_note": "Migrated from RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS legacy table",
+      "verified_at": null
+    },
+    {
+      "canonical_name": "RIPE RIS rrc19",
+      "aliases": ["rrc19", "RIPE RIS rrc19", "NAPAfrica", "JINX", "NAPAfrica Johannesburg"],
+      "operator": "RIPE NCC",
+      "site": "NAPAfrica Johannesburg",
+      "city": "Johannesburg",
+      "country": "South Africa",
+      "latitude": -26.2041,
+      "longitude": 28.0473,
+      "precision": "city",
+      "confidence": 0.85,
+      "source_note": "Migrated from RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS legacy table",
+      "verified_at": null
+    },
+    {
+      "canonical_name": "RIPE RIS rrc20",
+      "aliases": ["rrc20", "RIPE RIS rrc20", "SwissIX"],
+      "operator": "RIPE NCC",
+      "site": "SwissIX",
+      "city": "Zurich",
+      "country": "Switzerland",
+      "latitude": 47.3769,
+      "longitude": 8.5417,
+      "precision": "city",
+      "confidence": 0.85,
+      "source_note": "Migrated from RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS legacy table",
+      "verified_at": null
+    },
+    {
+      "canonical_name": "RIPE RIS rrc21",
+      "aliases": ["rrc21", "RIPE RIS rrc21", "France-IX Paris"],
+      "operator": "RIPE NCC",
+      "site": "France-IX Paris",
+      "city": "Paris",
+      "country": "France",
+      "latitude": 48.8566,
+      "longitude": 2.3522,
+      "precision": "city",
+      "confidence": 0.85,
+      "source_note": "Migrated from RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS legacy table",
+      "verified_at": null
+    },
+    {
+      "canonical_name": "RIPE RIS rrc22",
+      "aliases": ["rrc22", "RIPE RIS rrc22", "InterLAN Bucharest"],
+      "operator": "RIPE NCC",
+      "site": "InterLAN Bucharest",
+      "city": "Bucharest",
+      "country": "Romania",
+      "latitude": 44.4268,
+      "longitude": 26.1025,
+      "precision": "city",
+      "confidence": 0.85,
+      "source_note": "Migrated from RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS legacy table",
+      "verified_at": null
+    },
+    {
+      "canonical_name": "RIPE RIS rrc23",
+      "aliases": ["rrc23", "RIPE RIS rrc23", "Equinix Singapore"],
+      "operator": "RIPE NCC",
+      "site": "Equinix Singapore",
+      "city": "Singapore",
+      "country": "Singapore",
+      "latitude": 1.3521,
+      "longitude": 103.8198,
+      "precision": "city",
+      "confidence": 0.85,
+      "source_note": "Migrated from RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS legacy table",
+      "verified_at": null
+    },
+    {
+      "canonical_name": "RIPE RIS rrc24",
+      "aliases": ["rrc24", "RIPE RIS rrc24", "LACNIC Montevideo"],
+      "operator": "RIPE NCC",
+      "site": "LACNIC Montevideo",
+      "city": "Montevideo",
+      "country": "Uruguay",
+      "latitude": -34.9011,
+      "longitude": -56.1645,
+      "precision": "city",
+      "confidence": 0.85,
+      "source_note": "Migrated from RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS legacy table",
+      "verified_at": null
+    },
+    {
+      "canonical_name": "RIPE RIS rrc25",
+      "aliases": ["rrc25", "RIPE RIS rrc25", "AMS-IX"],
+      "operator": "RIPE NCC",
+      "site": "AMS-IX",
+      "city": "Amsterdam",
+      "country": "Netherlands",
+      "latitude": 52.3676,
+      "longitude": 4.9041,
+      "precision": "city",
+      "confidence": 0.85,
+      "source_note": "Migrated from RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS legacy table",
+      "verified_at": null
+    },
+    {
+      "canonical_name": "RIPE RIS rrc26",
+      "aliases": ["rrc26", "RIPE RIS rrc26", "UAE-IX"],
+      "operator": "RIPE NCC",
+      "site": "UAE-IX",
+      "city": "Dubai",
+      "country": "United Arab Emirates",
+      "latitude": 25.2048,
+      "longitude": 55.2708,
+      "precision": "city",
+      "confidence": 0.85,
+      "source_note": "Migrated from RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS legacy table",
+      "verified_at": null
+    }
+  ],
+  "city_fallbacks": []
+}

backend/app/db/session.py

@@ -72,25 +72,44 @@ async def seed_default_datasources(session: AsyncSession):
     await session.commit()
 
 
+DEFAULT_LOGIN_USERS = (
+    {
+        "username": "admin",
+        "email": "admin@planet.local",
+        "password": "admin123",
+        "role": "super_admin",
+    },
+    {
+        "username": "linkong",
+        "email": "linkong@planet.local",
+        "password": "12345678",
+        "role": "super_admin",
+    },
+)
+
+
 async def ensure_default_admin_user(session: AsyncSession):
     from app.core.security import get_password_hash
     from app.models.user import User
 
-    result = await session.execute(
-        text("SELECT id FROM users WHERE username = 'admin'")
-    )
-    if result.fetchone():
-        return
-
-    session.add(
-        User(
-            username="admin",
-            email="admin@planet.local",
-            password_hash=get_password_hash("admin123"),
-            role="super_admin",
-            is_active=True,
+    for default_user in DEFAULT_LOGIN_USERS:
+        result = await session.execute(
+            text("SELECT id FROM users WHERE username = :username"),
+            {"username": default_user["username"]},
+        )
+        if result.fetchone():
+            continue
+
+        session.add(
+            User(
+                username=default_user["username"],
+                email=default_user["email"],
+                password_hash=get_password_hash(default_user["password"]),
+                role=default_user["role"],
+                is_active=True,
+                email_verified=True,
+            )
         )
-    )
     await session.commit()
 
 
@@ -103,9 +122,11 @@ async def init_db():
     import app.models.datasource_config  # noqa: F401
     import app.models.alert  # noqa: F401
     import app.models.bgp_anomaly  # noqa: F401
+    import app.models.bgp_collector_location  # noqa: F401
     import app.models.bgp_incident  # noqa: F401
     import app.models.bgp_observation  # noqa: F401
     import app.models.collected_data  # noqa: F401
+    import app.models.compute_center_location  # noqa: F401
     import app.models.system_setting  # noqa: F401
     import app.models.playground_session  # noqa: F401
     import app.models.playground_message  # noqa: F401
@@ -128,6 +149,31 @@ async def init_db():
 
     async with engine.begin() as conn:
         await conn.run_sync(Base.metadata.create_all)
+        users_email_verified_existed = (
+            await conn.execute(
+                text(
+                    """
+                    SELECT 1
+                    FROM information_schema.columns
+                    WHERE table_name = 'users' AND column_name = 'email_verified'
+                    """
+                )
+            )
+        ).fetchone() is not None
+        await conn.execute(
+            text(
+                """
+                ALTER TABLE users
+                ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS gatekeeper_groups JSONB DEFAULT '[]'::jsonb,
+                ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS email_verified BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT FALSE,
+                ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS pending_email VARCHAR(255)
+                """
+            )
+        )
+        if not users_email_verified_existed:
+            await conn.execute(
+                text("UPDATE users SET email_verified = TRUE WHERE email_verified = FALSE")
+            )
         await conn.execute(
             text(
                 """
@@ -188,6 +234,26 @@ async def init_db():
                 """
             )
         )
+        await conn.execute(
+            text(
+                """
+                CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_ais_raw_schema_observed_desc
+                ON ais_raw_observations (target_schema, observed_at DESC)
+                """
+            )
+        )
+        await conn.execute(
+            text(
+                """
+                CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_ais_raw_payload_lon_lat
+                ON ais_raw_observations (
+                    ((normalized_payload->>'lon')::double precision),
+                    ((normalized_payload->>'lat')::double precision)
+                )
+                WHERE target_schema = 'vessel_ais'
+                """
+            )
+        )
         await conn.execute(
             text(
                 """
@@ -208,5 +274,14 @@ async def init_db():
         )
 
     async with async_session_factory() as session:
+        from app.services.bgp_collector_locations import (
+            seed_default_bgp_collector_locations,
+        )
+        from app.services.compute_center_locations import (
+            seed_compute_center_locations_from_source_coords,
+        )
+
+        await seed_default_bgp_collector_locations(session)
+        await seed_compute_center_locations_from_source_coords(session)
         await seed_default_datasources(session)
         await ensure_default_admin_user(session)

backend/app/models/__init__.py

@@ -6,8 +6,10 @@ from app.models.datasource import DataSource
 from app.models.datasource_config import DataSourceConfig
 from app.models.alert import Alert, AlertSeverity, AlertStatus
 from app.models.bgp_anomaly import BGPAnomaly
+from app.models.bgp_collector_location import BGPCollectorLocation
 from app.models.bgp_incident import BGPIncident
 from app.models.bgp_observation import BGPObservation
+from app.models.compute_center_location import ComputeCenterLocationRecord
 from app.models.system_setting import SystemSetting
 from app.models.playground_session import PlaygroundSession
 from app.models.playground_message import PlaygroundMessage
@@ -27,8 +29,10 @@ __all__ = [
     "AlertSeverity",
     "AlertStatus",
     "BGPAnomaly",
+    "BGPCollectorLocation",
     "BGPIncident",
     "BGPObservation",
+    "ComputeCenterLocationRecord",
     "SystemLog",
     "AuditLog",
     "PlaygroundSession",

backend/app/models/bgp_collector_location.py

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+"""Stored BGP route-collector locations."""
+
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean, Column, DateTime, Float, Integer, JSON, String, Text
+from sqlalchemy.sql import func
+
+from app.core.time import to_iso8601_utc
+from app.db.session import Base
+
+
+class BGPCollectorLocation(Base):
+    """Current known location for a BGP route collector."""
+
+    __tablename__ = "bgp_collector_locations"
+
+    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
+    collector_id = Column(String(100), nullable=False, unique=True, index=True)
+    operator = Column(String(255), nullable=True)
+    site = Column(String(255), nullable=True)
+    city = Column(String(255), nullable=True)
+    country = Column(String(255), nullable=True)
+    latitude = Column(Float, nullable=True)
+    longitude = Column(Float, nullable=True)
+    precision = Column(String(30), nullable=False, default="city")
+    confidence = Column(Float, nullable=True)
+    source = Column(String(80), nullable=False, default="legacy_seed", index=True)
+    source_url = Column(String(500), nullable=True)
+    source_note = Column(Text, nullable=True)
+    raw_payload = Column(JSON, nullable=False, default=dict)
+    needs_confirmation = Column(Boolean, nullable=False, default=True, index=True)
+    verification_status = Column(String(30), nullable=False, default="unverified", index=True)
+    verified_at = Column(DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True)
+    created_at = Column(DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=func.now())
+    updated_at = Column(DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=func.now(), onupdate=func.now())
+
+    def to_location_dict(self) -> dict:
+        return {
+            "city": self.city,
+            "country": self.country,
+            "latitude": self.latitude,
+            "longitude": self.longitude,
+            "precision": self.precision,
+            "source": self.source,
+            "needs_confirmation": self.needs_confirmation,
+            "matched_location_name": self.site or self.collector_id,
+            "verified_at": to_iso8601_utc(self.verified_at),
+            "confidence": self.confidence,
+            "operator": self.operator,
+            "site": self.site,
+            "verification_status": self.verification_status,
+            "source_note": self.source_note,
+            "source_url": self.source_url,
+        }

backend/app/models/compute_center_location.py

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+"""Stored compute-center locations."""
+
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean, Column, DateTime, Float, Integer, JSON, String, Text, UniqueConstraint
+from sqlalchemy.sql import func
+
+from app.core.time import to_iso8601_utc
+from app.db.session import Base
+
+
+class ComputeCenterLocationRecord(Base):
+    """Current known location for a compute-center record."""
+
+    __tablename__ = "compute_center_locations"
+    __table_args__ = (
+        UniqueConstraint("source", "source_id", name="uq_compute_center_location_source_id"),
+    )
+
+    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
+    source = Column(String(100), nullable=False, index=True)
+    source_id = Column(String(255), nullable=False, index=True)
+    name = Column(String(500), nullable=True)
+    operator = Column(String(255), nullable=True)
+    site = Column(String(255), nullable=True)
+    city = Column(String(255), nullable=True)
+    country = Column(String(255), nullable=True)
+    latitude = Column(Float, nullable=True)
+    longitude = Column(Float, nullable=True)
+    precision = Column(String(30), nullable=False, default="city")
+    confidence = Column(Float, nullable=True)
+    location_source = Column(String(80), nullable=False, default="stored_compute_center_location", index=True)
+    source_url = Column(String(500), nullable=True)
+    source_note = Column(Text, nullable=True)
+    raw_payload = Column(JSON, nullable=False, default=dict)
+    needs_confirmation = Column(Boolean, nullable=False, default=False, index=True)
+    verification_status = Column(String(30), nullable=False, default="verified", index=True)
+    verified_at = Column(DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True)
+    created_at = Column(DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=func.now())
+    updated_at = Column(DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=func.now(), onupdate=func.now())
+
+    def to_location_dict(self) -> dict:
+        return {
+            "source": self.source,
+            "source_id": self.source_id,
+            "name": self.name,
+            "operator": self.operator,
+            "site": self.site,
+            "city": self.city,
+            "country": self.country,
+            "latitude": self.latitude,
+            "longitude": self.longitude,
+            "precision": self.precision,
+            "confidence": self.confidence,
+            "location_source": self.location_source,
+            "source_url": self.source_url,
+            "source_note": self.source_note,
+            "raw_payload": self.raw_payload or {},
+            "needs_confirmation": self.needs_confirmation,
+            "verification_status": self.verification_status,
+            "verified_at": to_iso8601_utc(self.verified_at),
+        }

backend/app/models/user.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from sqlalchemy import Boolean, Column, Integer, String, DateTime
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean, Column, DateTime, Integer, JSON, String
 from sqlalchemy.sql import func
 
 from app.db.session import Base
@@ -12,7 +12,10 @@ class User(Base):
     email = Column(String(255), unique=True, index=True, nullable=False)
     password_hash = Column(String(255), nullable=False)
     role = Column(String(20), default="viewer")
+    gatekeeper_groups = Column(JSON, default=list)
     is_active = Column(Boolean, default=True)
+    email_verified = Column(Boolean, default=False, nullable=False)
+    pending_email = Column(String(255), nullable=True)
     last_login_at = Column(DateTime(timezone=True))
     created_at = Column(DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=func.now())
     updated_at = Column(

backend/app/schemas/user.py

@@ -12,17 +12,20 @@ class UserBase(BaseModel):
 class UserCreate(UserBase):
     password: str = Field(..., min_length=8)
     role: str = "viewer"
+    gatekeeper_groups: list[str] = Field(default_factory=list)
 
 
 class UserUpdate(BaseModel):
     email: Optional[EmailStr] = None
     role: Optional[str] = None
+    gatekeeper_groups: Optional[list[str]] = None
     is_active: Optional[bool] = None
 
 
 class UserInDB(UserBase):
     id: int
     role: str
+    gatekeeper_groups: list[str] = Field(default_factory=list)
     is_active: bool
     last_login_at: Optional[datetime]
     created_at: datetime
@@ -34,8 +37,36 @@ class UserInDB(UserBase):
 class UserResponse(UserBase):
     id: int
     role: str
+    gatekeeper_groups: list[str] = Field(default_factory=list)
     is_active: bool
+    email_verified: bool = False
     created_at: datetime
 
     class Config:
         from_attributes = True
+
+
+class UserRegister(BaseModel):
+    username: str = Field(..., min_length=3, max_length=50)
+    email: EmailStr
+    password: str = Field(..., min_length=8, max_length=128)
+
+
+class VerifyEmailRequest(BaseModel):
+    email: EmailStr
+    code: str = Field(..., min_length=6, max_length=6)
+
+
+class ResendCodeRequest(BaseModel):
+    email: EmailStr
+    purpose: str = Field(default="register", pattern="^(register|verify_email|reset_password)$")
+
+
+class ForgotPasswordRequest(BaseModel):
+    email: EmailStr
+
+
+class ResetPasswordRequest(BaseModel):
+    email: EmailStr
+    code: str = Field(..., min_length=6, max_length=6)
+    new_password: str = Field(..., min_length=8, max_length=128)

backend/app/services/ai_tools/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+"""Backend-owned AI tool services.
+
+The services in this package are business tools used by Planet's backend
+orchestrators. They intentionally live outside ``aiprovider`` so model transport
+stays separate from evidence collection and domain policy.
+"""
+

backend/app/services/ai_tools/evidence_store.py

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import hashlib
+from typing import Iterable
+
+from app.services.ai_tools.schemas import FetchedEvidence, SearchEvidence
+
+
+def evidence_content_hash(text: str) -> str:
+    return hashlib.sha256(text.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()
+
+
+def normalize_search_evidence(items: Iterable[SearchEvidence], *, limit: int = 5) -> list[dict]:
+    normalized: list[dict] = []
+    seen_urls: set[str] = set()
+    for item in items:
+        if not item.url or item.url in seen_urls:
+            continue
+        seen_urls.add(item.url)
+        normalized.append(
+            {
+                "title": item.title,
+                "url": item.url,
+                "snippet": item.snippet,
+                "content": item.compact_text(),
+                "score": item.score,
+                "source_provider": item.source_provider,
+                "retrieved_at": item.retrieved_at.isoformat(),
+                "metadata": item.metadata,
+            }
+        )
+        if len(normalized) >= limit:
+            break
+    return normalized
+
+
+def normalize_fetched_evidence(item: FetchedEvidence, *, text_limit: int = 1200) -> dict:
+    text = " ".join(item.text.split())[:text_limit]
+    return {
+        "title": item.title,
+        "url": item.final_url or item.url,
+        "text": text,
+        "content_hash": item.content_hash or evidence_content_hash(item.text),
+        "extractor": item.extractor,
+        "retrieved_at": item.retrieved_at.isoformat(),
+        "metadata": item.metadata,
+    }
+

backend/app/services/ai_tools/schemas.py

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+from typing import Any
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
+
+
+class SearchEvidence(BaseModel):
+    title: str = ""
+    url: str = ""
+    snippet: str = ""
+    content: str = ""
+    score: float | None = None
+    source_provider: str = ""
+    retrieved_at: datetime = Field(default_factory=lambda: datetime.now(UTC))
+    metadata: dict[str, Any] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+
+    def compact_text(self, limit: int = 700) -> str:
+        text = " ".join((self.content or self.snippet or "").split())
+        return text[:limit]
+
+
+class FetchedEvidence(BaseModel):
+    url: str
+    final_url: str = ""
+    title: str = ""
+    text: str = ""
+    content_hash: str = ""
+    extractor: str = "basic_html"
+    retrieved_at: datetime = Field(default_factory=lambda: datetime.now(UTC))
+    metadata: dict[str, Any] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+
+
+class WebSearchProviderConfig(BaseModel):
+    provider: str = "tavily"
+    base_url: str = ""
+    api_key: str = ""
+    max_results: int = Field(default=5, ge=1, le=20)
+    timeout_seconds: int = Field(default=20, ge=3, le=120)
+    endpoint_path: str = ""
+    search_depth: str = "basic"
+    engine: str = "google"
+    include_answer: bool = False
+    include_raw_content: bool = False
+    include_text: bool = False
+    categories: str = "general"
+    engines: list[str] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    search_path: str = ""
+    scrape_path: str = ""
+    scrape_formats: list[str] = Field(default_factory=lambda: ["markdown"])
+
+
+class WebSearchConfig(BaseModel):
+    enabled: bool = False
+    default_provider: str = "tavily"
+    provider: str = "tavily"
+    providers: dict[str, WebSearchProviderConfig] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+
+    @property
+    def active_provider_config(self) -> WebSearchProviderConfig:
+        return self.providers.get(self.default_provider) or self.providers.get(self.provider) or WebSearchProviderConfig(provider=self.default_provider or self.provider)
+

backend/app/services/ai_tools/web_fetch.py

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import hashlib
+
+import httpx
+from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
+
+from app.services.ai_tools.schemas import FetchedEvidence
+
+
+class WebFetchError(RuntimeError):
+    pass
+
+
+def _extract_title_and_text(html: str) -> tuple[str, str]:
+    soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "html.parser")
+    for tag in soup(["script", "style", "noscript", "svg"]):
+        tag.decompose()
+    title = soup.title.get_text(" ", strip=True) if soup.title else ""
+    main = soup.find("main") or soup.find("article") or soup.body or soup
+    text = main.get_text("\n", strip=True)
+    lines = [line.strip() for line in text.splitlines() if line.strip()]
+    return title, "\n".join(lines)
+
+
+async def fetch_url_evidence(
+    url: str,
+    *,
+    timeout_seconds: int = 20,
+    max_bytes: int = 1_500_000,
+) -> FetchedEvidence:
+    if not url:
+        raise WebFetchError("url is required")
+    try:
+        async with httpx.AsyncClient(
+            timeout=timeout_seconds,
+            follow_redirects=True,
+            headers={"User-Agent": "PlanetEvidenceFetcher/1.0"},
+        ) as client:
+            response = await client.get(url)
+            response.raise_for_status()
+            content = response.content[:max_bytes]
+    except httpx.HTTPError as exc:
+        raise WebFetchError(f"failed to fetch page: {exc}") from exc
+
+    title, text = _extract_title_and_text(content.decode(response.encoding or "utf-8", errors="ignore"))
+    content_hash = hashlib.sha256(text.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()
+    return FetchedEvidence(
+        url=url,
+        final_url=str(response.url),
+        title=title,
+        text=text,
+        content_hash=content_hash,
+        extractor="beautifulsoup_basic",
+    )
+

backend/app/services/ai_tools/web_search.py

@@ -0,0 +1,391 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from copy import deepcopy
+from typing import Any
+
+import httpx
+
+from app.services.ai_tools.schemas import SearchEvidence, WebSearchConfig, WebSearchProviderConfig
+
+
+WEB_SEARCH_PROVIDER_PRESETS: dict[str, dict[str, Any]] = {
+    "tavily": {
+        "provider": "tavily",
+        "label": "Tavily",
+        "api_key_env": "TAVILY_API_KEY",
+        "base_url": "https://api.tavily.com",
+        "endpoint_path": "/search",
+        "max_results": 5,
+        "timeout_seconds": 20,
+        "search_depth": "basic",
+        "include_answer": False,
+        "include_raw_content": False,
+    },
+    "brave": {
+        "provider": "brave",
+        "label": "Brave Search API",
+        "api_key_env": "BRAVE_SEARCH_API_KEY",
+        "base_url": "https://api.search.brave.com",
+        "endpoint_path": "/res/v1/web/search",
+        "max_results": 5,
+        "timeout_seconds": 20,
+    },
+    "serpapi": {
+        "provider": "serpapi",
+        "label": "SerpAPI",
+        "api_key_env": "SERPAPI_API_KEY",
+        "base_url": "https://serpapi.com",
+        "endpoint_path": "/search.json",
+        "engine": "google",
+        "max_results": 5,
+        "timeout_seconds": 20,
+    },
+    "exa": {
+        "provider": "exa",
+        "label": "Exa",
+        "api_key_env": "EXA_API_KEY",
+        "base_url": "https://api.exa.ai",
+        "endpoint_path": "/search",
+        "max_results": 5,
+        "timeout_seconds": 20,
+        "include_text": False,
+    },
+    "firecrawl": {
+        "provider": "firecrawl",
+        "label": "Firecrawl Search / Scrape",
+        "api_key_env": "FIRECRAWL_API_KEY",
+        "base_url": "https://api.firecrawl.dev",
+        "search_path": "/v2/search",
+        "scrape_path": "/v2/scrape",
+        "max_results": 5,
+        "timeout_seconds": 30,
+        "scrape_formats": ["markdown"],
+    },
+    "searxng": {
+        "provider": "searxng",
+        "label": "SearXNG",
+        "api_key_env": "SEARXNG_API_KEY",
+        "base_url": "http://localhost:8080",
+        "endpoint_path": "/",
+        "max_results": 5,
+        "timeout_seconds": 20,
+        "categories": "general",
+        "engines": [],
+    },
+}
+
+
+class WebSearchError(RuntimeError):
+    pass
+
+
+class WebSearchConfigurationError(WebSearchError):
+    pass
+
+
+def normalize_web_search_provider(provider: str | None) -> str:
+    return (provider or "tavily").strip().lower() or "tavily"
+
+
+def get_web_search_provider_preset(provider: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    provider_id = normalize_web_search_provider(provider)
+    preset = WEB_SEARCH_PROVIDER_PRESETS.get(provider_id)
+    if not preset:
+        raise ValueError(f"Unsupported web search provider: {provider}")
+    return deepcopy(preset)
+
+
+def list_web_search_provider_presets() -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
+    return [get_web_search_provider_preset(provider) for provider in WEB_SEARCH_PROVIDER_PRESETS]
+
+
+def provider_defaults(provider: str) -> WebSearchProviderConfig:
+    preset = get_web_search_provider_preset(provider)
+    return WebSearchProviderConfig(**{
+        key: value
+        for key, value in preset.items()
+        if key in WebSearchProviderConfig.model_fields
+    })
+
+
+class WebSearchClient:
+    def __init__(self, config: WebSearchConfig) -> None:
+        self.config = config
+
+    async def search(
+        self,
+        query: str,
+        *,
+        max_results: int | None = None,
+        domains: list[str] | None = None,
+        freshness_days: int | None = None,
+    ) -> list[SearchEvidence]:
+        if not self.config.enabled:
+            raise WebSearchConfigurationError("WebSearch is disabled.")
+        provider_config = self.config.active_provider_config
+        provider = normalize_web_search_provider(provider_config.provider)
+        if provider != "searxng" and not provider_config.api_key:
+            raise WebSearchConfigurationError(f"{provider} API key is not configured.")
+        query = " ".join(str(query or "").split())
+        if not query:
+            raise WebSearchConfigurationError("search query is required.")
+        limit = max_results or provider_config.max_results
+        if provider == "tavily":
+            return await self._search_tavily(provider_config, query, limit, domains, freshness_days)
+        if provider == "brave":
+            return await self._search_brave(provider_config, query, limit, domains)
+        if provider == "serpapi":
+            return await self._search_serpapi(provider_config, query, limit)
+        if provider == "exa":
+            return await self._search_exa(provider_config, query, limit, domains)
+        if provider == "firecrawl":
+            return await self._search_firecrawl(provider_config, query, limit)
+        if provider == "searxng":
+            return await self._search_searxng(provider_config, query, limit, domains)
+        raise WebSearchConfigurationError(f"Unsupported web search provider: {provider}")
+
+    async def test_connection(self) -> list[SearchEvidence]:
+        return await self.search("Planet WebSearch connectivity test", max_results=1)
+
+    async def _request_json(
+        self,
+        method: str,
+        url: str,
+        *,
+        provider_config: WebSearchProviderConfig,
+        headers: dict[str, str] | None = None,
+        params: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+        json: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        try:
+            async with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=provider_config.timeout_seconds) as client:
+                response = await client.request(
+                    method,
+                    url,
+                    headers=headers,
+                    params=params,
+                    json=json,
+                )
+                response.raise_for_status()
+                data = response.json()
+        except httpx.HTTPStatusError as exc:
+            detail = exc.response.text or exc.response.reason_phrase
+            raise WebSearchError(f"{provider_config.provider} request failed: {detail}") from exc
+        except httpx.HTTPError as exc:
+            raise WebSearchError(f"{provider_config.provider} request failed: {exc}") from exc
+        except ValueError as exc:
+            raise WebSearchError(f"{provider_config.provider} returned invalid JSON") from exc
+        return data if isinstance(data, dict) else {}
+
+    async def _search_tavily(
+        self,
+        config: WebSearchProviderConfig,
+        query: str,
+        max_results: int,
+        domains: list[str] | None,
+        freshness_days: int | None,
+    ) -> list[SearchEvidence]:
+        body: dict[str, Any] = {
+            "api_key": config.api_key,
+            "query": query,
+            "max_results": max_results,
+            "search_depth": config.search_depth or "basic",
+            "include_answer": config.include_answer,
+            "include_raw_content": config.include_raw_content,
+        }
+        if domains:
+            body["include_domains"] = domains
+        if freshness_days:
+            body["days"] = freshness_days
+        data = await self._request_json(
+            "POST",
+            _join_url(config.base_url, config.endpoint_path or "/search"),
+            provider_config=config,
+            json=body,
+        )
+        return [
+            SearchEvidence(
+                title=str(item.get("title") or ""),
+                url=str(item.get("url") or ""),
+                snippet=str(item.get("content") or ""),
+                content=str(item.get("raw_content") or ""),
+                score=_float_or_none(item.get("score")),
+                source_provider="tavily",
+                metadata={"query": data.get("query") or query},
+            )
+            for item in data.get("results") or []
+            if isinstance(item, dict) and item.get("url")
+        ]
+
+    async def _search_brave(
+        self,
+        config: WebSearchProviderConfig,
+        query: str,
+        max_results: int,
+        domains: list[str] | None,
+    ) -> list[SearchEvidence]:
+        search_query = query
+        if domains:
+            search_query = f"{query} " + " ".join(f"site:{domain}" for domain in domains)
+        data = await self._request_json(
+            "GET",
+            _join_url(config.base_url, config.endpoint_path or "/res/v1/web/search"),
+            provider_config=config,
+            headers={"X-Subscription-Token": config.api_key},
+            params={"q": search_query, "count": max_results},
+        )
+        results = (data.get("web") or {}).get("results") or []
+        return [
+            SearchEvidence(
+                title=str(item.get("title") or ""),
+                url=str(item.get("url") or ""),
+                snippet=str(item.get("description") or ""),
+                source_provider="brave",
+                metadata={"age": item.get("age")},
+            )
+            for item in results
+            if isinstance(item, dict) and item.get("url")
+        ]
+
+    async def _search_serpapi(
+        self,
+        config: WebSearchProviderConfig,
+        query: str,
+        max_results: int,
+    ) -> list[SearchEvidence]:
+        data = await self._request_json(
+            "GET",
+            _join_url(config.base_url, config.endpoint_path or "/search.json"),
+            provider_config=config,
+            params={
+                "api_key": config.api_key,
+                "engine": config.engine or "google",
+                "q": query,
+                "num": max_results,
+            },
+        )
+        return [
+            SearchEvidence(
+                title=str(item.get("title") or ""),
+                url=str(item.get("link") or ""),
+                snippet=str(item.get("snippet") or ""),
+                source_provider="serpapi",
+                metadata={"position": item.get("position")},
+            )
+            for item in data.get("organic_results") or []
+            if isinstance(item, dict) and item.get("link")
+        ]
+
+    async def _search_exa(
+        self,
+        config: WebSearchProviderConfig,
+        query: str,
+        max_results: int,
+        domains: list[str] | None,
+    ) -> list[SearchEvidence]:
+        body: dict[str, Any] = {
+            "query": query,
+            "numResults": max_results,
+        }
+        if domains:
+            body["includeDomains"] = domains
+        if config.include_text:
+            body["contents"] = {"text": True}
+        data = await self._request_json(
+            "POST",
+            _join_url(config.base_url, config.endpoint_path or "/search"),
+            provider_config=config,
+            headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {config.api_key}"},
+            json=body,
+        )
+        return [
+            SearchEvidence(
+                title=str(item.get("title") or ""),
+                url=str(item.get("url") or ""),
+                snippet=str(item.get("summary") or ""),
+                content=str(item.get("text") or ""),
+                score=_float_or_none(item.get("score")),
+                source_provider="exa",
+                metadata={"id": item.get("id")},
+            )
+            for item in data.get("results") or []
+            if isinstance(item, dict) and item.get("url")
+        ]
+
+    async def _search_firecrawl(
+        self,
+        config: WebSearchProviderConfig,
+        query: str,
+        max_results: int,
+    ) -> list[SearchEvidence]:
+        data = await self._request_json(
+            "POST",
+            _join_url(config.base_url, config.search_path or "/v2/search"),
+            provider_config=config,
+            headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {config.api_key}"},
+            json={"query": query, "limit": max_results},
+        )
+        raw_results = data.get("data") or data.get("results") or []
+        return [
+            SearchEvidence(
+                title=str(item.get("title") or ""),
+                url=str(item.get("url") or item.get("sourceURL") or ""),
+                snippet=str(item.get("description") or item.get("markdown") or ""),
+                source_provider="firecrawl",
+                metadata={"status": item.get("status")},
+            )
+            for item in raw_results
+            if isinstance(item, dict) and (item.get("url") or item.get("sourceURL"))
+        ]
+
+    async def _search_searxng(
+        self,
+        config: WebSearchProviderConfig,
+        query: str,
+        max_results: int,
+        domains: list[str] | None,
+    ) -> list[SearchEvidence]:
+        search_query = query
+        if domains:
+            search_query = f"{query} " + " ".join(f"site:{domain}" for domain in domains)
+        params: dict[str, Any] = {
+            "q": search_query,
+            "format": "json",
+            "categories": config.categories or "general",
+        }
+        if config.engines:
+            params["engines"] = ",".join(config.engines)
+        headers = {"Authorization": f"Bearer {config.api_key}"} if config.api_key else None
+        data = await self._request_json(
+            "GET",
+            _join_url(config.base_url, config.endpoint_path or "/"),
+            provider_config=config,
+            headers=headers,
+            params=params,
+        )
+        results = data.get("results") or []
+        evidence = [
+            SearchEvidence(
+                title=str(item.get("title") or ""),
+                url=str(item.get("url") or ""),
+                snippet=str(item.get("content") or ""),
+                score=_float_or_none(item.get("score")),
+                source_provider="searxng",
+                metadata={"engine": item.get("engine")},
+            )
+            for item in results
+            if isinstance(item, dict) and item.get("url")
+        ]
+        return evidence[:max_results]
+
+
+def _join_url(base_url: str, path: str) -> str:
+    return f"{(base_url or '').rstrip('/')}/{(path or '').lstrip('/')}"
+
+
+def _float_or_none(value: Any) -> float | None:
+    try:
+        return float(value)
+    except (TypeError, ValueError):
+        return None
+

backend/app/services/bgp_collector_locations.py

@@ -0,0 +1,324 @@
+"""BGP route-collector location resolver.
+
+Collector positions are stored in the ``bgp_collector_locations`` database
+table. The old JSON registry is now only a seed payload used during database
+initialization, not a runtime resolver or candidate source.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any, Iterator
+
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.models.bgp_collector_location import BGPCollectorLocation
+from app.services.location import (
+    LocationCandidate,
+    LocationPipeline,
+    LocationQuery,
+    NominatimResolver,
+    ResolutionResult,
+    ResolverOutput,
+    SourceCoordinatesResolver,
+    build_default_nominatim_geocoder,
+    coerce_str,
+    normalize_text,
+)
+
+SEED_PATH = (
+    Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1]
+    / "data"
+    / "seeds"
+    / "ripe_ris_collector_locations_seed.json"
+)
+
+# ── Geocoder (kept at module level for monkeypatching + cache_clear) ──
+
+_geocode_online = build_default_nominatim_geocoder()
+
+
+# ── In-process compatibility cache ──────────────────────────────────
+
+
+RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS: dict[str, dict[str, Any]] = {}
+
+
+def _collector_record_to_dict(record: BGPCollectorLocation) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    return record.to_location_dict()
+
+
+def set_bgp_collector_location_cache(
+    locations: dict[str, dict[str, Any]],
+) -> None:
+    """Replace the legacy compatibility cache in-place."""
+    RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS.clear()
+    RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS.update(
+        {coerce_str(key): dict(value) for key, value in locations.items()}
+    )
+
+
+async def refresh_bgp_collector_location_cache(
+    session: AsyncSession,
+) -> dict[str, dict[str, Any]]:
+    result = await session.execute(select(BGPCollectorLocation))
+    records = result.scalars().all()
+    cache = {
+        record.collector_id: _collector_record_to_dict(record)
+        for record in records
+        if record.collector_id
+    }
+    set_bgp_collector_location_cache(cache)
+    return cache
+
+
+def _load_seed_payload() -> dict[str, Any]:
+    with SEED_PATH.open("r", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
+        return json.load(handle)
+
+
+def _seed_entry_to_record_kwargs(entry: dict[str, Any], collector_id: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    return {
+        "collector_id": collector_id,
+        "operator": entry.get("operator") or "RIPE NCC",
+        "site": entry.get("site"),
+        "city": entry.get("city"),
+        "country": entry.get("country"),
+        "latitude": entry.get("latitude"),
+        "longitude": entry.get("longitude"),
+        "precision": entry.get("precision") or "city",
+        "confidence": entry.get("confidence"),
+        "source": "legacy_seed",
+        "source_url": None,
+        "source_note": entry.get("source_note")
+        or "Seeded from legacy RIPE RIS collector coordinates",
+        "raw_payload": entry,
+        "needs_confirmation": True,
+        "verification_status": "unverified",
+        "verified_at": None,
+    }
+
+
+async def seed_default_bgp_collector_locations(session: AsyncSession) -> None:
+    """Seed default RIPE RIS collector locations without overwriting users."""
+    payload = _load_seed_payload()
+    for entry in payload.get("locations", []):
+        aliases = entry.get("aliases") or []
+        collector_ids = [
+            coerce_str(alias)
+            for alias in aliases
+            if coerce_str(alias).startswith("rrc")
+        ]
+        if not collector_ids:
+            continue
+        collector_id = collector_ids[0]
+        existing = await session.scalar(
+            select(BGPCollectorLocation).where(
+                BGPCollectorLocation.collector_id == collector_id
+            )
+        )
+        if existing:
+            continue
+        session.add(
+            BGPCollectorLocation(
+                **_seed_entry_to_record_kwargs(entry, collector_id)
+            )
+        )
+    await session.commit()
+    await refresh_bgp_collector_location_cache(session)
+
+
+def get_bgp_collector_location_dict(collector_name: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Return the current cached collector location dict, or ``{}`` if unknown."""
+    return dict(RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS.get(coerce_str(collector_name), {}))
+
+
+def iter_known_collector_names() -> Iterator[str]:
+    """Yield every collector technical name (rrcXX) known in the cache."""
+    return iter(sorted(RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS.keys()))
+
+
+# ── Pipeline construction ──────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+class StoredCollectorLocationResolver:
+    """Resolve a collector through the DB-backed compatibility cache."""
+
+    name = "stored_collector_location"
+
+    def resolve(self, query: LocationQuery) -> ResolverOutput:
+        collector = coerce_str(query.name)
+        if not collector:
+            for alias in query.aliases:
+                collector = coerce_str(alias)
+                if collector:
+                    break
+        if not collector:
+            return ResolverOutput()
+        location = get_bgp_collector_location_dict(collector)
+        if not location:
+            return ResolverOutput()
+        latitude = location.get("latitude")
+        longitude = location.get("longitude")
+        if latitude in (None, 0.0) or longitude in (None, 0.0):
+            return ResolverOutput()
+        return ResolverOutput(
+            candidates=(
+                LocationCandidate(
+                    latitude=float(latitude),
+                    longitude=float(longitude),
+                    display_name=location.get("matched_location_name") or collector,
+                    precision=location.get("precision") or "city",
+                    confidence=float(location.get("confidence") or 0.85),
+                    query=f"stored_collector_location::{collector}",
+                    source=location.get("source") or self.name,
+                    source_note=location.get("source_note"),
+                    matched_fields=("collector",),
+                    needs_confirmation=bool(location.get("needs_confirmation")),
+                    city=location.get("city"),
+                    region=None,
+                    country=location.get("country"),
+                    matched_location_name=(
+                        location.get("matched_location_name") or collector
+                    ),
+                    location_verified_at=location.get("verified_at"),
+                    suggested_registry_entry=None,
+                ),
+            )
+        )
+
+
+def _bgp_collector_query_plan(
+    query: LocationQuery,
+) -> list[tuple[str, tuple[str, ...]]]:
+    """Build the Nominatim query plan for a BGP collector."""
+    extra = query.extra or {}
+    site = str(extra.get("site") or "")
+    operator = str(extra.get("operator") or "")
+    city = query.city or ""
+    country = query.country or ""
+
+    plan: list[tuple[str, tuple[str, ...]]] = []
+
+    def add(parts: list[tuple[str, str]]) -> None:
+        non_empty = [(field, value) for field, value in parts if value]
+        if not non_empty:
+            return
+        seen: set[str] = set()
+        cleaned: list[str] = []
+        fields: list[str] = []
+        for field, value in non_empty:
+            key = normalize_text(value)
+            if not key or key in seen:
+                continue
+            seen.add(key)
+            cleaned.append(value)
+            fields.append(field)
+        if not cleaned:
+            return
+        composed = ", ".join(cleaned)
+        if not any(composed == existing for existing, _ in plan):
+            plan.append((composed, tuple(fields)))
+
+    add([("site", site), ("city", city), ("country", country)])
+    add([("site", site), ("country", country)])
+    add([("operator", operator), ("city", city), ("country", country)])
+    add([("city", city), ("country", country)])
+    return plan
+
+
+BGP_COLLECTOR_PIPELINE = LocationPipeline(
+    [
+        SourceCoordinatesResolver(),
+        StoredCollectorLocationResolver(),
+    ],
+    failure_reason=(
+        "Could not resolve BGP collector to renderable coordinates from"
+        " source coordinates or stored collector location."
+    ),
+)
+
+BGP_COLLECTOR_COLLECTION_PIPELINE = LocationPipeline(
+    [
+        SourceCoordinatesResolver(),
+        NominatimResolver(
+            query_plan_builder=_bgp_collector_query_plan,
+            # Late-binding so tests can monkeypatch ``_geocode_online``.
+            geocoder=lambda q: _geocode_online(q),
+        ),
+    ],
+    failure_reason=(
+        "Could not resolve BGP collector to renderable coordinates from"
+        " source coordinates or online geocoding."
+    ),
+)
+
+
+# ── Public API ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+def resolve_bgp_collector_location(
+    collector_name: str,
+    *,
+    city: str | None = None,
+    country: str | None = None,
+    site: str | None = None,
+    operator: str | None = None,
+) -> ResolutionResult:
+    """Resolve a BGP collector to its best-known stored location."""
+    stored = get_bgp_collector_location_dict(collector_name)
+    name = coerce_str(collector_name) or None
+    query = LocationQuery(
+        name=name,
+        aliases=tuple(filter(None, (collector_name,))),
+        city=coerce_str(city or stored.get("city")) or None,
+        country=coerce_str(country or stored.get("country")) or None,
+        extra={
+            "site": coerce_str(site or stored.get("site")),
+            "operator": coerce_str(operator or stored.get("operator")) or "RIPE NCC",
+        },
+    )
+    return BGP_COLLECTOR_PIPELINE.resolve_best(query)
+
+
+def collect_bgp_collector_location_candidates(
+    *,
+    collector: str | None = None,
+    city: str | None = None,
+    country: str | None = None,
+    site: str | None = None,
+    operator: str | None = None,
+) -> tuple[list[LocationCandidate], list[str]]:
+    query = build_bgp_collector_location_query(
+        collector=collector,
+        city=city,
+        country=country,
+        site=site,
+        operator=operator,
+    )
+    return BGP_COLLECTOR_COLLECTION_PIPELINE.collect_candidates(query)
+
+
+def build_bgp_collector_location_query(
+    *,
+    collector: str | None = None,
+    city: str | None = None,
+    country: str | None = None,
+    site: str | None = None,
+    operator: str | None = None,
+) -> LocationQuery:
+    stored = get_bgp_collector_location_dict(collector or "")
+    name = coerce_str(collector) or None
+    return LocationQuery(
+        name=name,
+        aliases=tuple(filter(None, (collector,))),
+        city=coerce_str(city or stored.get("city")) or None,
+        country=coerce_str(country or stored.get("country")) or None,
+        extra={
+            "site": coerce_str(site or stored.get("site")),
+            "operator": coerce_str(operator or stored.get("operator")) or "RIPE NCC",
+            "collector": coerce_str(collector),
+        },
+    )

backend/app/services/bgp_event_locations.py

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+"""BGP event location resolver.
+
+A BGP event (announcement / withdrawal / RIB entry) is geographically tied to
+the route collector that observed it. This module defines the pipeline that
+turns an event payload into renderable coordinates.
+
+Current resolver chain:
+
+  SourceCoordinates  → event payload itself carries lat/lon (rare; some
+                       enriched feeds do).
+  InheritFromCollector → look up the owning collector via
+                         :func:`resolve_bgp_collector_location`.
+
+Future plug-ins (no consumer changes required, just append to the list):
+
+  ASNFacilityResolver — origin/peer ASN → peeringdb facility.
+  PrefixGeoResolver   — prefix → IP range geo lookup (iptoasn / opengeofeed).
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Any
+
+from app.services.bgp_collector_locations import (
+    get_bgp_collector_location_dict,
+)
+from app.services.location import (
+    InheritFromAnotherEntityResolver,
+    LocationCandidate,
+    LocationPipeline,
+    LocationQuery,
+    ResolutionResult,
+    SourceCoordinatesResolver,
+    coerce_str,
+)
+
+
+def _inherit_from_owning_collector(
+    query: LocationQuery,
+) -> LocationCandidate | None:
+    """Look up the event's owning collector by exact name in the DB-backed cache."""
+    extra = query.extra or {}
+    collector_name = coerce_str(extra.get("collector"))
+    if not collector_name:
+        return None
+    legacy = get_bgp_collector_location_dict(collector_name)
+    if not legacy:
+        return None
+    latitude = legacy.get("latitude")
+    longitude = legacy.get("longitude")
+    if latitude in (None, 0.0) or longitude in (None, 0.0):
+        return None
+    return LocationCandidate(
+        latitude=float(latitude),
+        longitude=float(longitude),
+        display_name=legacy.get("matched_location_name") or collector_name,
+        precision=legacy.get("precision") or "city",
+        confidence=float(legacy.get("confidence") or 0.85),
+        query=f"inherit_from_collector::{collector_name}",
+        source="inherited_from_collector",
+        source_note=(
+            f"Inherited from owning collector {collector_name}"
+        ),
+        matched_fields=("collector",),
+        needs_confirmation=bool(legacy.get("needs_confirmation")),
+        city=legacy.get("city"),
+        region=None,
+        country=legacy.get("country"),
+        matched_location_name=legacy.get("matched_location_name"),
+        location_verified_at=legacy.get("verified_at"),
+        suggested_registry_entry=None,
+    )
+
+
+BGP_EVENT_PIPELINE = LocationPipeline(
+    [
+        SourceCoordinatesResolver(),
+        InheritFromAnotherEntityResolver(
+            source_lookup=_inherit_from_owning_collector,
+            name="inherited_from_collector",
+        ),
+        # Plug new resolvers (peeringdb / ASN facility / prefix-geo) here.
+    ],
+    failure_reason=(
+        "Could not resolve BGP event coordinates: no source coords, owning"
+        " collector unknown, and no fallback resolver matched."
+    ),
+)
+
+
+def resolve_bgp_event_location(
+    *,
+    collector: str,
+    source_latitude: float | None = None,
+    source_longitude: float | None = None,
+    site: str | None = None,
+    operator: str | None = None,
+    peer_asn: int | None = None,
+    origin_asn: int | None = None,
+    prefix: str | None = None,
+) -> ResolutionResult:
+    """Resolve a BGP event to its renderable coordinates.
+
+    The ``peer_asn`` / ``origin_asn`` / ``prefix`` arguments are accepted
+    today so future resolvers (ASN→facility, prefix→geo) can consume them
+    without callers needing to change.
+    """
+    query = LocationQuery(
+        name=collector or None,
+        aliases=tuple(filter(None, (collector,))),
+        source_latitude=source_latitude,
+        source_longitude=source_longitude,
+        extra={
+            "collector": collector or "",
+            "site": coerce_str(site),
+            "operator": coerce_str(operator),
+            "peer_asn": peer_asn,
+            "origin_asn": origin_asn,
+            "prefix": coerce_str(prefix),
+        },
+    )
+    return BGP_EVENT_PIPELINE.resolve_best(query)
+
+
+def resolve_bgp_event_geo_dict(
+    collector: str,
+    *,
+    source_latitude: float | None = None,
+    source_longitude: float | None = None,
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Convenience wrapper returning the legacy ``collector_geo`` dict shape.
+
+    Preserves ``city``/``country``/``latitude``/``longitude`` keys (consumed
+    by existing detectors / enrichment / DB serialization) and adds
+    ``precision``/``source``/``needs_confirmation`` for richer downstream use.
+    """
+    result = resolve_bgp_event_location(
+        collector=collector,
+        source_latitude=source_latitude,
+        source_longitude=source_longitude,
+    )
+    candidate = result.location
+    if candidate is None:
+        return {}
+    return {
+        "city": candidate.city,
+        "country": candidate.country,
+        "latitude": candidate.latitude,
+        "longitude": candidate.longitude,
+        "precision": candidate.precision,
+        "source": candidate.source,
+        "needs_confirmation": candidate.needs_confirmation,
+        "matched_location_name": candidate.matched_location_name,
+        "confidence": candidate.confidence,
+    }

backend/app/services/collectors/aisstream.py

@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ class AISStreamCollector(BaseCollector):
 
         try:
             import websockets
-        except ImportError as exc:
+        except ImportError:
             return {"status": "failed", "error": "Python package 'websockets' is required for AISStream"}
 
         start_time = datetime.now(UTC)

backend/app/services/collectors/bgp_common.py

@@ -13,6 +13,11 @@ from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from app.models.bgp_anomaly import BGPAnomaly
 from app.models.bgp_observation import BGPObservation
 from app.models.collected_data import CollectedData
+from app.services.bgp_collector_locations import (
+    RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS,
+    get_bgp_collector_location_dict,
+)
+from app.services.bgp_event_locations import resolve_bgp_event_geo_dict
 from app.services.bgp_incidents import create_bgp_incidents_for_anomalies
 from app.services.bgp_detectors import (
     detect_mass_withdrawal_anomalies,
@@ -23,32 +28,17 @@ from app.services.bgp_detectors import (
 )
 from app.services.bgp_enrichment import enrich_bgp_events_for_batch, extract_bgp_network_fields
 
-
-RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS: dict[str, dict[str, Any]] = {
-    "rrc00": {"city": "Amsterdam", "country": "Netherlands", "latitude": 52.3676, "longitude": 4.9041},
-    "rrc01": {"city": "London", "country": "United Kingdom", "latitude": 51.5072, "longitude": -0.1276},
-    "rrc03": {"city": "Amsterdam", "country": "Netherlands", "latitude": 52.3676, "longitude": 4.9041},
-    "rrc04": {"city": "Geneva", "country": "Switzerland", "latitude": 46.2044, "longitude": 6.1432},
-    "rrc05": {"city": "Vienna", "country": "Austria", "latitude": 48.2082, "longitude": 16.3738},
-    "rrc06": {"city": "Otemachi", "country": "Japan", "latitude": 35.686, "longitude": 139.7671},
-    "rrc07": {"city": "Stockholm", "country": "Sweden", "latitude": 59.3293, "longitude": 18.0686},
-    "rrc10": {"city": "Milan", "country": "Italy", "latitude": 45.4642, "longitude": 9.19},
-    "rrc11": {"city": "New York", "country": "United States", "latitude": 40.7128, "longitude": -74.006},
-    "rrc12": {"city": "Frankfurt", "country": "Germany", "latitude": 50.1109, "longitude": 8.6821},
-    "rrc13": {"city": "Moscow", "country": "Russia", "latitude": 55.7558, "longitude": 37.6173},
-    "rrc14": {"city": "Palo Alto", "country": "United States", "latitude": 37.4419, "longitude": -122.143},
-    "rrc15": {"city": "Sao Paulo", "country": "Brazil", "latitude": -23.5558, "longitude": -46.6396},
-    "rrc16": {"city": "Miami", "country": "United States", "latitude": 25.7617, "longitude": -80.1918},
-    "rrc18": {"city": "Barcelona", "country": "Spain", "latitude": 41.3874, "longitude": 2.1686},
-    "rrc19": {"city": "Johannesburg", "country": "South Africa", "latitude": -26.2041, "longitude": 28.0473},
-    "rrc20": {"city": "Zurich", "country": "Switzerland", "latitude": 47.3769, "longitude": 8.5417},
-    "rrc21": {"city": "Paris", "country": "France", "latitude": 48.8566, "longitude": 2.3522},
-    "rrc22": {"city": "Bucharest", "country": "Romania", "latitude": 44.4268, "longitude": 26.1025},
-    "rrc23": {"city": "Singapore", "country": "Singapore", "latitude": 1.3521, "longitude": 103.8198},
-    "rrc24": {"city": "Montevideo", "country": "Uruguay", "latitude": -34.9011, "longitude": -56.1645},
-    "rrc25": {"city": "Amsterdam", "country": "Netherlands", "latitude": 52.3676, "longitude": 4.9041},
-    "rrc26": {"city": "Dubai", "country": "United Arab Emirates", "latitude": 25.2048, "longitude": 55.2708},
-}
+# Re-exported for backward compatibility with anything that imports
+# ``RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS`` from this module. New code should call
+# ``app.services.bgp_collector_locations.get_bgp_collector_location_dict()``
+# or ``resolve_bgp_collector_location()`` instead — those use the DB-backed
+# collector-location cache.
+__all__ = [
+    "RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS",
+    "normalize_bgp_event",
+    "save_bgp_observations_for_batch",
+    "create_bgp_anomalies_for_batch",
+]
 
 
 def _safe_int(value: Any) -> int | None:
@@ -131,7 +121,19 @@ def normalize_bgp_event(payload: dict[str, Any], *, project: str) -> dict[str, A
     )
     source_id = hashlib.sha1(source_material.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()[:24]
 
-    collector_location = RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS.get(collector, {})
+    # Routes through the BGP event pipeline: source coords (if any) →
+    # collector inheritance. Returned dict keeps the legacy
+    # {city, country, latitude, longitude} keys plus richer
+    # {precision, source, needs_confirmation, matched_location_name, confidence}.
+    collector_location = resolve_bgp_event_geo_dict(
+        collector,
+        source_latitude=payload.get("latitude"),
+        source_longitude=payload.get("longitude"),
+    )
+    # Empty result (unknown collector & no source coords) — keep the
+    # downstream-expected dict shape so detectors / serializers don't crash.
+    if not collector_location:
+        collector_location = get_bgp_collector_location_dict(collector)
     network_fields = extract_bgp_network_fields(prefix)
     metadata = {
         "project": project,

backend/app/services/compute_center_locations.py

@@ -0,0 +1,886 @@
+"""Compute-center location resolver, built on the shared location pipeline.
+
+This module is a thin domain wrapper that wires up
+:mod:`app.services.location` for compute centers:
+
+    SourceCoordinates
+
+The online Nominatim step is intentionally reserved for the user-triggered
+``collect-location`` flow. The regular GeoJSON endpoint runs during Earth
+startup, so it must stay local and deterministic.
+
+For the full design and the reason behind the abstraction (compute centers,
+BGP collectors, BGP events, and future entities all share one pipeline),
+see ``docs/plans/location-resolver-shared-pipeline-plan.md``.
+
+The ``ComputeCenterLocation`` dataclass and the public function signatures are
+preserved verbatim so existing callers and tests do not need to change.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+from functools import lru_cache
+from typing import Any
+
+import httpx
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.core.collected_data_fields import get_record_field
+from app.models.collected_data import CollectedData
+from app.models.compute_center_location import ComputeCenterLocationRecord
+
+from app.services.location import (
+    LocationCandidate,
+    LocationPipeline,
+    LocationQuery,
+    NominatimResolver,
+    ResolverOutput,
+    SourceCoordinatesResolver,
+    build_default_nominatim_geocoder,
+    coerce_str,
+    normalize_country_text,
+    normalize_text,
+    parse_float,
+)
+
+ROR_SEARCH_URL = "https://api.ror.org/v2/organizations"
+DEFAULT_ROR_USER_AGENT = "planet-earth-location-resolver/1.0"
+DEFAULT_ROR_TIMEOUT_SECONDS = 8.0
+RENDERABLE_PRECISIONS: tuple[str, ...] = ("precise", "site", "city")
+FORBIDDEN_PRECISIONS: tuple[str, ...] = (
+    "country",
+    "estimated_country",
+    "country_major_compute_city",
+    "region",
+    "unknown",
+)
+
+# ── Public dataclasses ──────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class ComputeCenterLocation:
+    latitude: float | None
+    longitude: float | None
+    location_precision: str
+    geography_mode: str
+    is_estimated: bool
+    estimated_reason: str | None = None
+    location_confidence: float | None = None
+    location_source: str | None = None
+    location_source_note: str | None = None
+    location_verified_at: str | None = None
+    matched_location_name: str | None = None
+    needs_confirmation: bool = False
+    city: str | None = None
+    region: str | None = None
+    country: str | None = None
+
+    @property
+    def is_renderable(self) -> bool:
+        if self.latitude in (None, 0.0) or self.longitude in (None, 0.0):
+            return False
+        return self.location_precision in RENDERABLE_PRECISIONS
+
+    def to_geojson_properties(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        return {
+            "latitude": self.latitude,
+            "longitude": self.longitude,
+            "location_precision": self.location_precision,
+            "geography_mode": self.geography_mode,
+            "is_estimated": self.is_estimated,
+            "estimated_reason": self.estimated_reason,
+            "location_confidence": self.location_confidence,
+            "location_source": self.location_source,
+            "location_source_note": self.location_source_note,
+            "location_verified_at": self.location_verified_at,
+            "matched_location_name": self.matched_location_name,
+            "needs_confirmation": self.needs_confirmation,
+        }
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class ResolutionDiagnostic:
+    failure_reason: str
+    attempted_queries: tuple[str, ...] = ()
+    record_id: int | None = None
+    source: str | None = None
+    source_id: str | None = None
+    name: str | None = None
+    country: str | None = None
+    city: str | None = None
+    site: str | None = None
+    operator: str | None = None
+
+    def to_dict(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        return {
+            "failure_reason": self.failure_reason,
+            "attempted_queries": list(self.attempted_queries),
+            "record_id": self.record_id,
+            "source": self.source,
+            "source_id": self.source_id,
+            "name": self.name,
+            "country": self.country,
+            "city": self.city,
+            "site": self.site,
+            "operator": self.operator,
+        }
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class ResolutionResult:
+    location: ComputeCenterLocation | None
+    diagnostic: ResolutionDiagnostic | None
+
+    @property
+    def is_resolved(self) -> bool:
+        return bool(self.location and self.location.is_renderable)
+
+
+# ── Geocoder (kept at module level so tests can monkeypatch + cache_clear) ──
+
+_geocode_online = build_default_nominatim_geocoder()
+
+
+# ── Stored location cache ───────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+COMPUTE_CENTER_LOCATION_CACHE: dict[str, dict[str, Any]] = {}
+
+
+def _cache_key(source: str | None, source_id: str | None) -> str:
+    return f"{coerce_str(source)}:{coerce_str(source_id)}"
+
+
+def set_compute_center_location_cache(
+    locations: dict[str, dict[str, Any]],
+) -> None:
+    COMPUTE_CENTER_LOCATION_CACHE.clear()
+    COMPUTE_CENTER_LOCATION_CACHE.update(
+        {coerce_str(key): dict(value) for key, value in locations.items()}
+    )
+
+
+async def refresh_compute_center_location_cache(
+    session: AsyncSession,
+) -> dict[str, dict[str, Any]]:
+    result = await session.execute(select(ComputeCenterLocationRecord))
+    records = result.scalars().all()
+    cache = {}
+    for record in records:
+        if not hasattr(record, "to_location_dict"):
+            continue
+        if not record.source or not record.source_id:
+            continue
+        cache[_cache_key(record.source, record.source_id)] = record.to_location_dict()
+    set_compute_center_location_cache(cache)
+    return cache
+
+
+def get_compute_center_location_dict(
+    source: str | None,
+    source_id: str | None,
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    return dict(COMPUTE_CENTER_LOCATION_CACHE.get(_cache_key(source, source_id), {}))
+
+
+# ── Pipeline construction ──────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=512)
+def _lookup_ror_organization(query: str) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
+    """Lookup a research organization in ROR for user-triggered candidates."""
+    if not query:
+        return None
+    response = httpx.get(
+        ROR_SEARCH_URL,
+        params={"query": query},
+        headers={"User-Agent": DEFAULT_ROR_USER_AGENT},
+        timeout=DEFAULT_ROR_TIMEOUT_SECONDS,
+    )
+    response.raise_for_status()
+    payload = response.json()
+    items = payload.get("items") if isinstance(payload, dict) else None
+    if not isinstance(items, list) or not items:
+        return None
+    first = items[0]
+    if not isinstance(first, dict):
+        return None
+    organization = first.get("organization")
+    if isinstance(organization, dict):
+        return organization
+    return first
+
+
+def _compute_center_ror_query_plan(
+    query: LocationQuery,
+) -> list[tuple[str, tuple[str, ...]]]:
+    extra = query.extra or {}
+    raw_parts: list[tuple[str, str]] = [
+        ("site", coerce_str(extra.get("site"))),
+        ("operator", coerce_str(extra.get("operator"))),
+        ("organization", coerce_str(extra.get("organization"))),
+    ]
+    for field, value in tuple(raw_parts):
+        if "/" not in value:
+            continue
+        raw_parts.extend(
+            (field, part.strip())
+            for part in value.split("/")
+            if len(part.strip()) >= 3
+        )
+
+    plan: list[tuple[str, tuple[str, ...]]] = []
+    seen: set[str] = set()
+    for field, value in raw_parts:
+        key = normalize_text(value)
+        if not key or key in seen:
+            continue
+        seen.add(key)
+        plan.append((value, (field,)))
+    return plan
+
+
+def _organization_label(organization: dict[str, Any], fallback: str) -> str:
+    names = organization.get("names")
+    if isinstance(names, list):
+        for name in names:
+            if not isinstance(name, dict):
+                continue
+            types = name.get("types")
+            if isinstance(types, list) and "ror_display" in types:
+                value = coerce_str(name.get("value"))
+                if value:
+                    return value
+        for name in names:
+            if isinstance(name, dict):
+                value = coerce_str(name.get("value"))
+                if value:
+                    return value
+    return fallback
+
+
+class ROROrganizationResolver:
+    """Resolve source-provided organization/site text through the open ROR API."""
+
+    name = "ror_organization_registry"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        query_plan_builder=_compute_center_ror_query_plan,
+        lookup=lambda q: _lookup_ror_organization(q),
+        confidence: float = 0.68,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._query_plan_builder = query_plan_builder
+        self._lookup = lookup
+        self._confidence = confidence
+
+    def resolve(self, query: LocationQuery):
+        from app.services.location import ResolverOutput
+        from app.services.location.text import parse_float
+
+        attempted: list[str] = []
+        candidates: list[LocationCandidate] = []
+        context_country = normalize_text(normalize_country_text(query.country))
+
+        for ror_query, matched_fields in self._query_plan_builder(query):
+            attempted.append(f"ror:{ror_query}")
+            try:
+                organization = self._lookup(ror_query)
+            except Exception:
+                continue
+            if not isinstance(organization, dict):
+                continue
+            locations = organization.get("locations")
+            if not isinstance(locations, list) or not locations:
+                continue
+            location = locations[0]
+            if not isinstance(location, dict):
+                continue
+            details = location.get("geonames_details")
+            if not isinstance(details, dict):
+                continue
+            latitude = parse_float(details.get("lat"))
+            longitude = parse_float(details.get("lng"))
+            if latitude in (None, 0.0) or longitude in (None, 0.0):
+                continue
+
+            country = normalize_country_text(details.get("country_name"))
+            if context_country and normalize_text(country) != context_country:
+                continue
+
+            city = coerce_str(details.get("name")) or None
+            region = coerce_str(details.get("country_subdivision_name")) or None
+            display_name = _organization_label(organization, ror_query)
+            ror_id = coerce_str(organization.get("id"))
+            geonames_id = location.get("geonames_id")
+            source_note = (
+                f"ROR organization match: {display_name}"
+                + (f" ({ror_id})" if ror_id else "")
+                + (f"; GeoNames {geonames_id}" if geonames_id else "")
+            )
+            candidates.append(
+                LocationCandidate(
+                    latitude=latitude,
+                    longitude=longitude,
+                    display_name=display_name,
+                    precision="city",
+                    confidence=self._confidence,
+                    query=ror_query,
+                    source=self.name,
+                    source_note=source_note,
+                    matched_fields=matched_fields,
+                    needs_confirmation=True,
+                    city=city,
+                    region=region,
+                    country=country or query.country,
+                    matched_location_name=display_name,
+                    location_verified_at=None,
+                    suggested_registry_entry=None,
+                )
+            )
+
+        return ResolverOutput(
+            candidates=tuple(candidates),
+            attempted_queries=tuple(attempted),
+        )
+
+
+class StoredComputeCenterLocationResolver:
+    """Resolve a compute center through the DB-backed current-location cache."""
+
+    name = "stored_compute_center_location"
+
+    def resolve(self, query: LocationQuery) -> ResolverOutput:
+        extra = query.extra or {}
+        stored = get_compute_center_location_dict(
+            coerce_str(extra.get("source")),
+            coerce_str(extra.get("source_id")),
+        )
+        if not stored:
+            return ResolverOutput()
+        latitude = parse_float(stored.get("latitude"))
+        longitude = parse_float(stored.get("longitude"))
+        if latitude in (None, 0.0) or longitude in (None, 0.0):
+            return ResolverOutput()
+        return ResolverOutput(
+            candidates=(
+                LocationCandidate(
+                    latitude=latitude,
+                    longitude=longitude,
+                    display_name=stored.get("name") or query.name or "Compute center",
+                    precision=stored.get("precision") or "city",
+                    confidence=float(stored.get("confidence") or 0.85),
+                    query=f"stored_compute_center_location::{stored.get('source')}:{stored.get('source_id')}",
+                    source=self.name,
+                    source_note=stored.get("source_note"),
+                    matched_fields=("source", "source_id"),
+                    needs_confirmation=bool(stored.get("needs_confirmation")),
+                    city=stored.get("city") or query.city,
+                    region=None,
+                    country=stored.get("country") or query.country,
+                    matched_location_name=stored.get("site") or stored.get("name") or query.name,
+                    location_verified_at=stored.get("verified_at"),
+                    suggested_registry_entry=None,
+                ),
+            )
+        )
+
+
+def _short_system_name(name: Any) -> str:
+    """Strip vendor/system suffix from TOP500 names like ``"El Capitan - HPE Cray ..."``."""
+    text = coerce_str(name)
+    if not text:
+        return ""
+    head = text.split(" - ", 1)[0].strip()
+    return head or text
+
+
+def _record_context(record: Any, metadata: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, str]:
+    name = coerce_str(getattr(record, "name", None))
+    return {
+        "source": coerce_str(getattr(record, "source", None)),
+        "source_id": coerce_str(getattr(record, "source_id", None)),
+        "name": name,
+        "name_short": _short_system_name(name),
+        "city": coerce_str(get_record_field(record, "city")),
+        "country": coerce_str(get_record_field(record, "country")),
+        "site": coerce_str(metadata.get("site") or metadata.get("organization")),
+        "operator": coerce_str(
+            metadata.get("operator")
+            or metadata.get("organization")
+            or metadata.get("owner")
+            or metadata.get("manufacturer")
+        ),
+        "organization": coerce_str(metadata.get("organization")),
+    }
+
+
+def _context_to_query(
+    context: dict[str, str],
+    *,
+    source_lat: float | None = None,
+    source_lon: float | None = None,
+) -> LocationQuery:
+    name = context.get("name") or None
+    name_short = context.get("name_short") or ""
+    aliases: tuple[str, ...] = ()
+    if name_short and name_short != name:
+        aliases = (name_short,)
+    return LocationQuery(
+        name=name,
+        aliases=aliases,
+        city=context.get("city") or None,
+        country=context.get("country") or None,
+        source_latitude=source_lat,
+        source_longitude=source_lon,
+        extra={
+            "source": context.get("source") or "",
+            "source_id": context.get("source_id") or "",
+            "site": context.get("site") or "",
+            "operator": context.get("operator") or "",
+            "organization": context.get("organization") or "",
+        },
+    )
+
+
+def _compute_center_query_plan(
+    query: LocationQuery,
+) -> list[tuple[str, tuple[str, ...]]]:
+    """Build the Nominatim query plan for a compute-center query.
+
+    Mirrors the legacy ``_build_online_query_plan`` ordering exactly.
+    """
+    name = query.name or ""
+    name_short = (query.aliases[0] if query.aliases else "") or name
+    extra = query.extra or {}
+    site = str(extra.get("site") or "")
+    operator = str(extra.get("operator") or "")
+    city = query.city or ""
+    country = query.country or ""
+
+    plan: list[tuple[str, tuple[str, ...]]] = []
+
+    def add(parts: list[tuple[str, str]]) -> None:
+        non_empty = [(field, value) for field, value in parts if value]
+        if not non_empty:
+            return
+        seen: set[str] = set()
+        cleaned: list[str] = []
+        fields: list[str] = []
+        for field, value in non_empty:
+            key = normalize_text(value)
+            if not key or key in seen:
+                continue
+            seen.add(key)
+            cleaned.append(value)
+            fields.append(field)
+        if not cleaned:
+            return
+        composed = ", ".join(cleaned)
+        if not any(composed == existing for existing, _ in plan):
+            plan.append((composed, tuple(fields)))
+
+    add([("site", site), ("country", country)])
+    add([("operator", operator), ("city", city), ("country", country)])
+    add([("name", name_short), ("operator", operator), ("country", country)])
+    add([("name", name_short), ("site", site)])
+    add([("name", name_short), ("country", country)])
+    add([("name", name_short), ("city", city), ("country", country)])
+    add([("city", city), ("country", country)])
+    if name and name != name_short:
+        add([("name", name), ("country", country)])
+    return plan
+
+
+COMPUTE_CENTER_PIPELINE = LocationPipeline(
+    [
+        SourceCoordinatesResolver(),
+        StoredComputeCenterLocationResolver(),
+    ],
+    failure_reason=(
+        "Could not resolve to city-level coordinates from source coords"
+        " or stored compute-center location."
+    ),
+)
+
+COMPUTE_CENTER_COLLECTION_PIPELINE = LocationPipeline(
+    [
+        SourceCoordinatesResolver(),
+        ROROrganizationResolver(),
+        NominatimResolver(
+            query_plan_builder=_compute_center_query_plan,
+            # Late-binding so test monkeypatching of ``_geocode_online`` works.
+            geocoder=lambda q: _geocode_online(q),
+        ),
+    ],
+    failure_reason=(
+        "Could not resolve to city-level coordinates from source coords"
+        ", ROR organization lookup, or online geocoding."
+    ),
+)
+
+
+# ── Candidate → ComputeCenterLocation conversion ───────────────────
+
+
+_GEOGRAPHY_MODE_BY_SOURCE = {
+    "source_coordinates": "source_coordinates",
+    "stored_compute_center_location": "stored_compute_center_location",
+    "ror_organization_registry": "ror_organization",
+    "nominatim_online_geocode": "online_geocode",
+}
+
+
+def _candidate_to_location(
+    candidate: LocationCandidate,
+    *,
+    context: dict[str, str],
+) -> ComputeCenterLocation:
+    geography_mode = _GEOGRAPHY_MODE_BY_SOURCE.get(candidate.source, "online_geocode")
+    is_estimated = candidate.needs_confirmation or candidate.source.startswith(
+        "nominatim"
+    )
+    estimated_reason: str | None
+    if candidate.source == "source_coordinates":
+        estimated_reason = None
+    elif candidate.source == "stored_compute_center_location":
+        estimated_reason = candidate.source_note
+    elif candidate.source == "ror_organization_registry":
+        fields_summary = ", ".join(candidate.matched_fields) or "organization"
+        estimated_reason = (
+            f"Resolved by ROR organization lookup '{candidate.query}' "
+            f"(matched fields: {fields_summary})"
+        )
+    elif candidate.source == "nominatim_online_geocode":
+        fields_summary = ", ".join(candidate.matched_fields) or "name"
+        estimated_reason = (
+            f"Resolved by online geocoding query '{candidate.query}' "
+            f"(matched fields: {fields_summary})"
+        )
+    else:
+        estimated_reason = candidate.source_note
+
+    country = (
+        candidate.country
+        or normalize_country_text(context.get("country"))
+        or context.get("country")
+        or None
+    )
+    return ComputeCenterLocation(
+        latitude=candidate.latitude,
+        longitude=candidate.longitude,
+        location_precision=candidate.precision,
+        geography_mode=geography_mode,
+        is_estimated=is_estimated,
+        estimated_reason=estimated_reason,
+        location_confidence=candidate.confidence,
+        location_source=candidate.source,
+        location_source_note=candidate.source_note,
+        location_verified_at=candidate.location_verified_at,
+        matched_location_name=candidate.matched_location_name
+        or context.get("name")
+        or None,
+        needs_confirmation=candidate.needs_confirmation,
+        city=candidate.city or context.get("city") or None,
+        region=candidate.region,
+        country=country,
+    )
+
+
+def _diagnostic_for(
+    record: Any,
+    context: dict[str, str],
+    *,
+    failure_reason: str,
+    attempted_queries: tuple[str, ...] = (),
+) -> ResolutionDiagnostic:
+    return ResolutionDiagnostic(
+        failure_reason=failure_reason,
+        attempted_queries=attempted_queries,
+        record_id=getattr(record, "id", None),
+        source=getattr(record, "source", None),
+        source_id=getattr(record, "source_id", None),
+        name=context.get("name") or getattr(record, "name", None),
+        country=context.get("country") or None,
+        city=context.get("city") or None,
+        site=context.get("site") or None,
+        operator=context.get("operator") or None,
+    )
+
+
+# ── Public API ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+def resolve_compute_center_location(
+    record: Any,
+    metadata: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+) -> ComputeCenterLocation:
+    """Backwards-compatible thin wrapper returning the renderable location only.
+
+    Records that cannot be resolved to city-level get a placeholder
+    :class:`ComputeCenterLocation` with ``location_precision='unknown'``.
+    Callers should generally prefer :func:`resolve_compute_center_location_full`.
+    """
+    full = resolve_compute_center_location_full(record, metadata)
+    return full.location or ComputeCenterLocation(
+        latitude=None,
+        longitude=None,
+        location_precision="unknown",
+        geography_mode="unresolved",
+        is_estimated=True,
+        estimated_reason="No resolvable location hints",
+        location_confidence=0.0,
+        location_source="unknown",
+        location_source_note=(
+            "No source coordinates, ROR organization match, or online"
+            " geocoding result."
+        ),
+        matched_location_name=None,
+        needs_confirmation=False,
+    )
+
+
+def resolve_compute_center_location_full(
+    record: Any,
+    metadata: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+    *,
+    allow_online: bool = False,
+) -> ResolutionResult:
+    metadata = metadata or {}
+    context = _record_context(record, metadata)
+
+    from app.services.location.text import parse_float as _parse_float
+
+    source_lat = _parse_float(get_record_field(record, "latitude"))
+    source_lon = _parse_float(get_record_field(record, "longitude"))
+    if source_lat in (None, 0.0):
+        source_lat = None
+    if source_lon in (None, 0.0):
+        source_lon = None
+
+    query = _context_to_query(
+        context, source_lat=source_lat, source_lon=source_lon
+    )
+    pipeline = (
+        COMPUTE_CENTER_COLLECTION_PIPELINE
+        if allow_online
+        else COMPUTE_CENTER_PIPELINE
+    )
+    pipeline_result = pipeline.resolve_best(query)
+
+    if pipeline_result.location and pipeline_result.location.precision in RENDERABLE_PRECISIONS:
+        location = _candidate_to_location(pipeline_result.location, context=context)
+        return ResolutionResult(location=location, diagnostic=None)
+
+    return ResolutionResult(
+        location=None,
+        diagnostic=_diagnostic_for(
+            record,
+            context,
+            failure_reason=(
+                "Could not resolve to city-level coordinates from source coords"
+                ", ROR organization lookup, or online geocoding."
+                if allow_online
+                else (
+                    "Could not resolve to city-level coordinates from source coords"
+                    " or stored compute-center location."
+                )
+            ),
+            attempted_queries=pipeline_result.attempted_queries,
+        ),
+    )
+
+
+def collect_location_candidates(
+    *,
+    name: str | None = None,
+    source: str | None = None,
+    source_id: str | None = None,
+    operator: str | None = None,
+    site: str | None = None,
+    city: str | None = None,
+    country: str | None = None,
+    organization: str | None = None,
+    record_id: int | None = None,
+) -> tuple[list[LocationCandidate], list[str]]:
+    """Run the full resolution chain and return ranked candidates with attempted queries.
+
+    The unused ``source`` / ``source_id`` / ``record_id`` arguments are kept
+    for backward compatibility with the API handler that calls this function.
+    """
+    query = build_compute_center_location_query(
+        name=name,
+        source=source,
+        source_id=source_id,
+        operator=operator,
+        site=site,
+        city=city,
+        country=country,
+        organization=organization,
+    )
+    return COMPUTE_CENTER_COLLECTION_PIPELINE.collect_candidates(query)
+
+
+def build_compute_center_location_query(
+    *,
+    name: str | None = None,
+    source: str | None = None,
+    source_id: str | None = None,
+    operator: str | None = None,
+    site: str | None = None,
+    city: str | None = None,
+    country: str | None = None,
+    organization: str | None = None,
+) -> LocationQuery:
+    name_value = coerce_str(name)
+    context: dict[str, str] = {
+        "source": coerce_str(source),
+        "source_id": coerce_str(source_id),
+        "name": name_value,
+        "name_short": _short_system_name(name_value),
+        "city": coerce_str(city),
+        "country": coerce_str(country),
+        "site": coerce_str(site or organization),
+        "operator": coerce_str(operator or organization),
+        "organization": coerce_str(organization),
+    }
+    return _context_to_query(context)
+
+
+def _record_operator(metadata: dict[str, Any]) -> str | None:
+    return coerce_str(
+        metadata.get("operator")
+        or metadata.get("organization")
+        or metadata.get("owner")
+        or metadata.get("manufacturer")
+    ) or None
+
+
+async def seed_compute_center_locations_from_source_coords(
+    session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    """Seed stored compute-center locations only from real source coordinates."""
+    stmt = (
+        select(CollectedData)
+        .where(CollectedData.source.in_(["top500", "epoch_ai_gpu"]))
+        .where(CollectedData.is_current.is_(True))
+    )
+    result = await session.execute(stmt)
+    records = result.scalars().all()
+    changed = False
+
+    for record in records:
+        source_value = coerce_str(getattr(record, "source", None))
+        source_id = coerce_str(getattr(record, "source_id", None))
+        if not source_value or not source_id:
+            continue
+        latitude = parse_float(get_record_field(record, "latitude"))
+        longitude = parse_float(get_record_field(record, "longitude"))
+        if latitude in (None, 0.0) or longitude in (None, 0.0):
+            continue
+        existing = await session.scalar(
+            select(ComputeCenterLocationRecord)
+            .where(ComputeCenterLocationRecord.source == source_value)
+            .where(ComputeCenterLocationRecord.source_id == source_id)
+        )
+        if existing:
+            continue
+        metadata = record.extra_data or {}
+        session.add(
+            ComputeCenterLocationRecord(
+                source=source_value,
+                source_id=source_id,
+                name=getattr(record, "name", None),
+                operator=_record_operator(metadata),
+                site=coerce_str(metadata.get("site") or metadata.get("organization")) or None,
+                city=coerce_str(get_record_field(record, "city")) or None,
+                country=coerce_str(get_record_field(record, "country")) or None,
+                latitude=latitude,
+                longitude=longitude,
+                precision="precise",
+                confidence=1.0,
+                location_source="source_coordinates",
+                source_note="Seeded from source-provided compute-center coordinates",
+                raw_payload={
+                    "record_id": getattr(record, "id", None),
+                    "source": source_value,
+                    "source_id": source_id,
+                },
+                needs_confirmation=False,
+                verification_status="source_provided",
+                verified_at=None,
+            )
+        )
+        changed = True
+
+    if changed:
+        await session.commit()
+    await refresh_compute_center_location_cache(session)
+
+
+async def upsert_compute_center_location(
+    session: AsyncSession,
+    *,
+    source: str,
+    source_id: str,
+    name: str | None = None,
+    operator: str | None = None,
+    site: str | None = None,
+    city: str | None = None,
+    country: str | None = None,
+    latitude: float,
+    longitude: float,
+    precision: str = "city",
+    confidence: float | None = None,
+    location_source: str = "manual_selection",
+    source_url: str | None = None,
+    source_note: str | None = None,
+    raw_payload: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+    needs_confirmation: bool = False,
+    verification_status: str = "verified",
+) -> ComputeCenterLocationRecord:
+    existing = await session.scalar(
+        select(ComputeCenterLocationRecord)
+        .where(ComputeCenterLocationRecord.source == source)
+        .where(ComputeCenterLocationRecord.source_id == source_id)
+    )
+    verified_at = None if needs_confirmation else datetime.now(UTC)
+    values = {
+        "name": name,
+        "operator": operator,
+        "site": site,
+        "city": city,
+        "country": country,
+        "latitude": latitude,
+        "longitude": longitude,
+        "precision": precision,
+        "confidence": confidence,
+        "location_source": location_source,
+        "source_url": source_url,
+        "source_note": source_note,
+        "raw_payload": raw_payload or {},
+        "needs_confirmation": needs_confirmation,
+        "verification_status": verification_status,
+        "verified_at": verified_at,
+    }
+    if existing:
+        for key, value in values.items():
+            setattr(existing, key, value)
+        record = existing
+    else:
+        record = ComputeCenterLocationRecord(
+            source=source,
+            source_id=source_id,
+            **values,
+        )
+        session.add(record)
+
+    await session.commit()
+    await session.refresh(record)
+    await refresh_compute_center_location_cache(session)
+    return record

backend/app/services/credential_guides.py

@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ from sqlalchemy import select
 from app.models.system_setting import SystemSetting
 from app.schemas.ai import SituationalAnalysisRequest
 from app.services.ai_client import AIProviderClient
+from app.services.ai_tools.evidence_store import normalize_search_evidence
+from app.services.ai_tools.web_search import WebSearchClient, WebSearchError
 
 
 CREDENTIAL_GUIDES_CATEGORY = "collector_credential_guides"
@@ -153,10 +155,26 @@ async def get_credential_guide(db, provider: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
         "markdown": custom.get("markdown") if custom else default.markdown,
         "prompt": default.prompt,
         "source": "ai" if custom else "default",
+        "sources": custom.get("sources", []) if custom else [],
+        "verification_status": (
+            custom.get("verification_status", "verified_with_search_evidence")
+            if custom
+            else "default_unverified"
+        ),
+        "verification_error": custom.get("verification_error") if custom else None,
     }
 
 
-async def save_credential_guide(db, provider: str, title: str, markdown: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
+async def save_credential_guide(
+    db,
+    provider: str,
+    title: str,
+    markdown: str,
+    *,
+    sources: list[dict[str, Any]] | None = None,
+    verification_status: str = "verified_with_search_evidence",
+    verification_error: str | None = None,
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
     default = DEFAULT_CREDENTIAL_GUIDES.get(provider)
     if default is None:
         raise ValueError(f"Unsupported credential guide provider: {provider}")
@@ -165,6 +183,9 @@ async def save_credential_guide(db, provider: str, title: str, markdown: str) ->
     store[provider] = {
         "title": title or default.title,
         "markdown": markdown,
+        "sources": sources or [],
+        "verification_status": verification_status,
+        "verification_error": verification_error,
     }
     if record is None:
         db.add(SystemSetting(category=CREDENTIAL_GUIDES_CATEGORY, payload=store))
@@ -192,28 +213,58 @@ async def generate_credential_guide(
     db,
     provider: str,
     ai_client: AIProviderClient,
+    web_search_client: WebSearchClient | None = None,
 ) -> dict[str, Any]:
     default = DEFAULT_CREDENTIAL_GUIDES.get(provider)
     if default is None:
         raise ValueError(f"Unsupported credential guide provider: {provider}")
 
+    search_evidence: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
+    search_error: str | None = None
+    if web_search_client is not None:
+        try:
+            evidence = await web_search_client.search(
+                _credential_guide_search_query(default),
+                max_results=5,
+            )
+            search_evidence = normalize_search_evidence(evidence, limit=5)
+        except WebSearchError as exc:
+            search_error = str(exc)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            search_error = f"WebSearch unavailable: {exc}"
+
+    if not search_evidence:
+        guide = await get_credential_guide(db, provider)
+        guide["verification_status"] = "unverified_no_search_evidence"
+        guide["verification_error"] = search_error
+        guide["sources"] = []
+        return guide
+
     response = await ai_client.analyze(
         SituationalAnalysisRequest(
             title=f"Generate credential guide for {provider}",
-            objective=default.prompt,
+            objective=(
+                default.prompt
+                + "\n只能根据 context.search_evidence 中的来源生成教程；"
+                + "如果证据不足，明确说明需要以官方页面为准。"
+            ),
             context={
                 "provider": provider,
                 "current_default_guide": default.markdown,
                 "product_context": "Planet collector credential settings",
+                "search_evidence": search_evidence,
             },
             observations=[
                 "Use concise Chinese markdown.",
                 "Prefer stable concepts over brittle UI labels.",
                 "Include verification and troubleshooting steps.",
+                "Include a short sources section with the provided URLs.",
             ],
             constraints=[
                 "Do not ask the user for secrets.",
                 "Do not include fabricated screenshots.",
+                "Do not invent source URLs or product UI labels.",
+                "Use only the provided search_evidence as factual support.",
                 "Return markdown only.",
             ],
         )
@@ -221,4 +272,19 @@ async def generate_credential_guide(
     markdown = response.content.strip()
     if not markdown:
         markdown = default.markdown
-    return await save_credential_guide(db, provider, default.title, markdown)
+    return await save_credential_guide(
+        db,
+        provider,
+        default.title,
+        markdown,
+        sources=search_evidence,
+        verification_status="verified_with_search_evidence",
+    )
+
+
+def _credential_guide_search_query(default: CredentialGuideDefault) -> str:
+    if default.provider == "barentswatch":
+        return "BarentsWatch developer tutorial AIS API OAuth client credentials"
+    if default.provider == "aisstream":
+        return "AISStream API key documentation websocket stream"
+    return f"{default.provider} API credentials documentation"

backend/app/services/docs_gatekeeper.py

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+"""Server-side Docs metadata and Gatekeeper authorization helpers."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Literal
+
+from app.models.user import User
+
+DocsAccess = Literal["public", "docs_user", "docs_developer", "docs_admin"]
+DocsLang = Literal["zh", "en"]
+
+VALID_DOCS_LANGS = {"zh", "en"}
+DOCS_README_FILENAME = "README.md"
+DEFAULT_DOCS_SLUG = "overview"
+
+REPO_ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[3]
+TECHNICAL_DOCS_ROOT = REPO_ROOT / "docs" / "technical"
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class DocsMetadata:
+    filename: str
+    slug: str
+    access: DocsAccess
+    group: str
+    order: int
+    zh_title: str
+    en_title: str
+
+
+DOCS_METADATA: tuple[DocsMetadata, ...] = (
+    DocsMetadata(DOCS_README_FILENAME, DEFAULT_DOCS_SLUG, "public", "Overview", 0, "技术文档", "Technical Docs"),
+    DocsMetadata("quickstart.md", "quickstart", "public", "Manual", 1, "快速开始", "Quickstart"),
+    DocsMetadata("manual.md", "manual", "public", "Manual", 2, "Planet 使用手册", "Planet Manual"),
+    DocsMetadata("faq.md", "faq", "public", "Manual", 3, "常见问题", "FAQ"),
+    DocsMetadata("location-pipeline-user.md", "location-pipeline-user", "public", "Manual", 4, "Earth 位置候选采集使用手册", "Earth Location Candidate Collection User Guide"),
+    DocsMetadata("earth-frontend-context.md", "earth-frontend-context", "docs_developer", "Earth", 10, "Earth 前端结构", "Earth Frontend Context"),
+    DocsMetadata("earth-layer-style-reference.md", "earth-layer-style-reference", "docs_developer", "Earth", 11, "Earth 图层样式属性索引", "Earth Layer Style Reference"),
+    DocsMetadata("earth-render-layer-order.md", "earth-render-layer-order", "docs_developer", "Earth", 12, "Earth 渲染图层顺序", "Earth Render Layer Order"),
+    DocsMetadata("earth-satellite-footprint-policy.md", "earth-satellite-footprint-policy", "docs_developer", "Earth", 13, "Earth 卫星覆盖策略", "Earth Satellite Footprint Policy"),
+    DocsMetadata("earth-bgp-context.md", "earth-bgp-context", "docs_developer", "Earth", 14, "BGP 态势上下文", "BGP Context"),
+    DocsMetadata("earth-news-live-streams-collector-format.md", "earth-news-live-streams-collector-format", "docs_developer", "Earth", 15, "新闻直播采集格式", "News Live Streams Collector Format"),
+    DocsMetadata("earth-interactable-usage.md", "earth-interactable-usage", "docs_developer", "Earth", 16, "Earth 可交互图标接入", "Earth Interactable Usage"),
+    DocsMetadata("earth-toolbar-overlay-coordination.md", "earth-toolbar-overlay-coordination", "docs_developer", "Earth", 17, "Earth 工具栏与浮层协同", "Earth Toolbar and Overlay Coordination"),
+    DocsMetadata("frontend-admin-frontend-context.md", "frontend-admin-frontend-context", "docs_developer", "Frontend", 20, "控制台前端结构", "Admin Frontend Context"),
+    DocsMetadata("frontend-layout-guidelines.md", "frontend-layout-guidelines", "docs_developer", "Frontend", 21, "前端布局指南", "Frontend Layout Guidelines"),
+    DocsMetadata("docs-gatekeeper-development.md", "docs-gatekeeper-development", "docs_developer", "Frontend", 22, "Docs Gatekeeper 开发说明", "Docs Gatekeeper Development Guide"),
+    DocsMetadata("backend-collectors.md", "backend-collectors", "docs_developer", "Backend", 30, "数据采集系统", "Data Collectors"),
+    DocsMetadata("backend-system-service-control.md", "backend-system-service-control", "docs_admin", "Backend", 31, "系统服务控制", "System Service Control"),
+    DocsMetadata("datasource-collector-settings-connectivity.md", "datasource-collector-settings-connectivity", "docs_developer", "Backend", 32, "数据源、采集器设置与连接验证", "Datasource Collector Settings and Connectivity"),
+    DocsMetadata("backend-datasources-api-performance.md", "backend-datasources-api-performance", "docs_developer", "Backend", 33, "数据源 API 性能", "Datasource API Performance"),
+    DocsMetadata("location-pipeline-development.md", "location-pipeline-development", "docs_developer", "Backend", 34, "通用位置估算管线开发说明", "Shared Location Resolution Pipeline Development Guide"),
+    DocsMetadata("agents-aiprovider.md", "agents-aiprovider", "docs_developer", "Agents", 40, "AI Provider 指南", "AI Provider Guide"),
+    DocsMetadata("ops-runbook.md", "ops-runbook", "docs_admin", "Ops", 49, "Planet 运维手册", "Planet Ops Runbook"),
+    DocsMetadata("ops-docker-compose-buildx-upgrade.md", "ops-docker-compose-buildx-upgrade", "docs_admin", "Ops", 50, "Docker + Compose + Buildx 升级", "Docker + Compose + Buildx Upgrade"),
+    DocsMetadata("ops-planet-sh-startup.md", "ops-planet-sh-startup", "docs_admin", "Ops", 51, "planet.sh 启动机制", "planet.sh Startup"),
+)
+
+DOCS_BY_SLUG = {entry.slug: entry for entry in DOCS_METADATA}
+
+
+def get_user_gatekeeper_groups(user: User | None) -> set[str]:
+    if user is None:
+        return set()
+
+    role = user.role.value if hasattr(user.role, "value") else str(user.role or "")
+    if role == "super_admin":
+        return {"docs_user", "docs_developer", "docs_admin"}
+    if role == "admin":
+        return {"docs_user", "docs_developer", "docs_admin"}
+
+    groups = set()
+    raw_groups = user.gatekeeper_groups or []
+    if isinstance(raw_groups, list):
+        groups.update(str(group) for group in raw_groups)
+
+    if "docs_admin" in groups:
+        groups.update({"docs_developer", "docs_user"})
+    if "docs_developer" in groups:
+        groups.add("docs_user")
+    return groups
+
+
+def can_read_doc(entry: DocsMetadata, user: User | None) -> bool:
+    if entry.access == "public":
+        return True
+    return entry.access in get_user_gatekeeper_groups(user)
+
+
+def doc_path_for(entry: DocsMetadata, lang: str) -> Path:
+    if lang not in VALID_DOCS_LANGS:
+        raise ValueError("Unsupported docs language")
+    return TECHNICAL_DOCS_ROOT / lang / entry.filename
+
+
+def title_for(entry: DocsMetadata, lang: str) -> str:
+    return entry.zh_title if lang == "zh" else entry.en_title
+
+
+def catalog_for_user(user: User | None) -> list[dict]:
+    items: list[dict] = []
+    for entry in DOCS_METADATA:
+        if not can_read_doc(entry, user):
+            continue
+        for lang in sorted(VALID_DOCS_LANGS):
+            if not doc_path_for(entry, lang).exists():
+                continue
+            items.append(
+                {
+                    "slug": entry.slug,
+                    "filename": entry.filename,
+                    "lang": lang,
+                    "title": title_for(entry, lang),
+                    "group": entry.group,
+                    "order": entry.order,
+                    "access": entry.access,
+                }
+            )
+    return sorted(items, key=lambda item: (item["lang"], item["order"], item["title"]))

backend/app/services/email.py

@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+"""SMTP-backed email sender.
+
+Generic primitive used by registration/verification today, reusable for alert
+digests and other notifications later. Configuration lives in the `smtp` row of
+`system_settings` and is loaded once per send (small surface, no caching layer
+yet to keep behavior obvious after settings changes).
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from email.message import EmailMessage
+from typing import Literal, Optional
+
+import aiosmtplib
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+OtpPurpose = Literal["register", "verify_email", "reset_password"]
+
+
+class EmailError(Exception):
+    code: str = "EMAIL_ERROR"
+
+
+class EmailNotConfiguredError(EmailError):
+    code = "EMAIL_PROVIDER_NOT_CONFIGURED"
+
+
+class EmailSendError(EmailError):
+    code = "EMAIL_SEND_FAILED"
+
+
+async def _load_smtp_config(db: AsyncSession) -> dict:
+    from app.api.v1.settings import get_setting_payload  # local import avoids cycle
+
+    payload = await get_setting_payload(db, "smtp")
+    if not payload.get("host") or not payload.get("from_address"):
+        raise EmailNotConfiguredError("SMTP host/from_address not set")
+    return payload
+
+
+async def send_email(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    *,
+    to: str,
+    subject: str,
+    text_body: str,
+    html_body: Optional[str] = None,
+    config: Optional[dict] = None,
+) -> None:
+    cfg = config or await _load_smtp_config(db)
+
+    message = EmailMessage()
+    from_name = (cfg.get("from_name") or "").strip()
+    from_address = cfg["from_address"]
+    message["From"] = f"{from_name} <{from_address}>" if from_name else from_address
+    message["To"] = to
+    message["Subject"] = subject
+    message.set_content(text_body)
+    if html_body:
+        message.add_alternative(html_body, subtype="html")
+
+    use_tls = bool(cfg.get("use_tls", True))
+    use_starttls = bool(cfg.get("use_starttls", False))
+    port = int(cfg.get("port") or (465 if use_tls else 587))
+
+    try:
+        await aiosmtplib.send(
+            message,
+            hostname=cfg["host"],
+            port=port,
+            username=cfg.get("username") or None,
+            password=cfg.get("password") or None,
+            use_tls=use_tls and not use_starttls,
+            start_tls=use_starttls,
+            timeout=int(cfg.get("timeout_seconds") or 20),
+        )
+    except aiosmtplib.SMTPException as exc:
+        raise EmailSendError(str(exc)) from exc
+    except OSError as exc:
+        raise EmailSendError(str(exc)) from exc
+
+
+_SUBJECTS: dict[OtpPurpose, str] = {
+    "register": "Confirm your Planet account",
+    "verify_email": "Verify your Planet email",
+    "reset_password": "Reset your Planet password",
+}
+
+_HEADLINES: dict[OtpPurpose, str] = {
+    "register": "Welcome to Planet — confirm your email to activate your account.",
+    "verify_email": "Confirm your new email address to keep your Planet account active.",
+    "reset_password": "Use this code to set a new password for your Planet account.",
+}
+
+
+async def send_verification_email(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    *,
+    to: str,
+    code: str,
+    purpose: OtpPurpose,
+    config: Optional[dict] = None,
+) -> None:
+    subject = _SUBJECTS[purpose]
+    headline = _HEADLINES[purpose]
+    text_body = (
+        f"{headline}\n\n"
+        f"Your verification code: {code}\n"
+        "This code expires in 10 minutes. If you did not request it, ignore this email.\n"
+    )
+    html_body = (
+        f"<p>{headline}</p>"
+        f"<p style=\"font-size:24px;letter-spacing:4px;font-family:monospace\"><b>{code}</b></p>"
+        "<p>This code expires in 10 minutes. If you did not request it, ignore this email.</p>"
+    )
+    await send_email(
+        db,
+        to=to,
+        subject=subject,
+        text_body=text_body,
+        html_body=html_body,
+        config=config,
+    )

backend/app/services/location/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+"""Shared location-resolution pipeline.
+
+A reusable abstraction for "given a record, decide its lat/lon" — used by
+compute centers, BGP collectors, BGP events, and any future entity that needs
+location estimation.
+
+Each domain wires its own :class:`LocationPipeline` from a sequence of
+:class:`LocationResolver` instances. Future algorithms (peeringdb, IXP tables,
+user-confirmed coordinates, …) plug in by implementing the protocol — no
+changes needed to consumers.
+"""
+
+from .models import (
+    LocationCandidate,
+    LocationQuery,
+    ResolutionDiagnostic,
+    ResolutionResult,
+    ResolverOutput,
+)
+from .pipeline import LocationPipeline, LocationResolver
+from .resolvers.inherit import InheritFromAnotherEntityResolver
+from .resolvers.nominatim import (
+    NominatimResolver,
+    build_default_nominatim_geocoder,
+    interpret_geocode_result,
+)
+from .resolvers.registry import RegistryResolver, default_score_alias_match
+from .resolvers.source_coordinates import SourceCoordinatesResolver
+from .text import (
+    city_key,
+    coerce_str,
+    normalize_country_text,
+    normalize_text,
+    parse_float,
+)
+
+__all__ = [
+    "LocationCandidate",
+    "LocationPipeline",
+    "LocationQuery",
+    "LocationResolver",
+    "ResolutionDiagnostic",
+    "ResolutionResult",
+    "ResolverOutput",
+    "InheritFromAnotherEntityResolver",
+    "NominatimResolver",
+    "RegistryResolver",
+    "SourceCoordinatesResolver",
+    "build_default_nominatim_geocoder",
+    "city_key",
+    "coerce_str",
+    "default_score_alias_match",
+    "interpret_geocode_result",
+    "normalize_country_text",
+    "normalize_text",
+    "parse_float",
+]

backend/app/services/location/models.py

@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+"""Domain-neutral data structures for the location pipeline."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import Any, Mapping
+
+# Renderable precision tiers, ordered from most precise to least.
+RENDERABLE_PRECISIONS: tuple[str, ...] = ("precise", "site", "city")
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class LocationQuery:
+    """Domain-neutral input for the resolution pipeline.
+
+    ``name`` and ``aliases`` are matched against registry alias indexes;
+    ``city`` / ``country`` / ``region`` provide geographic context for both
+    registry lookups and Nominatim queries; ``source_latitude`` /
+    ``source_longitude`` short-circuit when the record already carries
+    coordinates; ``extra`` carries domain-specific fields (operator, site,
+    organization, asn, peer_ip, …) that resolvers can opt into.
+    """
+
+    name: str | None = None
+    aliases: tuple[str, ...] = ()
+    city: str | None = None
+    country: str | None = None
+    region: str | None = None
+    source_latitude: float | None = None
+    source_longitude: float | None = None
+    extra: Mapping[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class LocationCandidate:
+    """A resolved location candidate produced by a resolver."""
+
+    latitude: float
+    longitude: float
+    display_name: str
+    precision: str  # "precise" | "site" | "city" | (rejected: country/unknown)
+    confidence: float
+    query: str
+    source: str
+    source_note: str | None
+    matched_fields: tuple[str, ...]
+    needs_confirmation: bool
+    city: str | None = None
+    region: str | None = None
+    country: str | None = None
+    matched_location_name: str | None = None
+    location_verified_at: str | None = None
+    suggested_registry_entry: dict[str, Any] | None = None
+    raw_payload: dict[str, Any] | None = None
+
+    def to_dict(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        return {
+            "latitude": self.latitude,
+            "longitude": self.longitude,
+            "display_name": self.display_name,
+            "precision": self.precision,
+            "confidence": self.confidence,
+            "query": self.query,
+            "source": self.source,
+            "source_note": self.source_note,
+            "matched_fields": list(self.matched_fields),
+            "needs_confirmation": self.needs_confirmation,
+            "city": self.city,
+            "region": self.region,
+            "country": self.country,
+            "matched_location_name": self.matched_location_name,
+            "location_verified_at": self.location_verified_at,
+            "suggested_registry_entry": self.suggested_registry_entry,
+            "raw_payload": self.raw_payload,
+        }
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class ResolverOutput:
+    """What a single resolver returns from one ``resolve()`` call."""
+
+    candidates: tuple[LocationCandidate, ...] = ()
+    attempted_queries: tuple[str, ...] = ()
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class ResolutionDiagnostic:
+    """Why we could not resolve, plus what we tried."""
+
+    failure_reason: str
+    attempted_queries: tuple[str, ...] = ()
+    record_id: int | None = None
+    source: str | None = None
+    source_id: str | None = None
+    name: str | None = None
+    country: str | None = None
+    city: str | None = None
+    site: str | None = None
+    operator: str | None = None
+    extra: Mapping[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)
+
+    def to_dict(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        return {
+            "failure_reason": self.failure_reason,
+            "attempted_queries": list(self.attempted_queries),
+            "record_id": self.record_id,
+            "source": self.source,
+            "source_id": self.source_id,
+            "name": self.name,
+            "country": self.country,
+            "city": self.city,
+            "site": self.site,
+            "operator": self.operator,
+            **({"extra": dict(self.extra)} if self.extra else {}),
+        }
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class ResolutionResult:
+    """Pipeline output: best candidate (if any) + diagnostic on miss."""
+
+    location: LocationCandidate | None
+    diagnostic: ResolutionDiagnostic | None
+    attempted_queries: tuple[str, ...] = ()
+
+    @property
+    def is_resolved(self) -> bool:
+        return bool(self.location)

backend/app/services/location/pipeline.py

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+"""Pipeline that runs a sequence of :class:`LocationResolver` instances."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Protocol, Sequence
+
+from .models import (
+    LocationCandidate,
+    LocationQuery,
+    ResolutionDiagnostic,
+    ResolutionResult,
+    ResolverOutput,
+)
+
+
+class LocationResolver(Protocol):
+    """Pluggable location resolution step.
+
+    Implementations: ``SourceCoordinatesResolver``, ``RegistryResolver``,
+    ``NominatimResolver``, ``InheritFromAnotherEntityResolver`` — see the
+    ``resolvers`` subpackage. New algorithms (peeringdb / IXP / user-confirmed
+    coordinates) plug in by implementing this protocol; the pipeline does not
+    care how candidates are produced.
+    """
+
+    name: str
+
+    def resolve(self, query: LocationQuery) -> ResolverOutput: ...
+
+
+def default_candidate_sort_key(
+    candidate: LocationCandidate,
+) -> tuple[int, int, float]:
+    precision_rank = {"precise": 0, "site": 1, "city": 2}.get(
+        candidate.precision, 9
+    )
+    source_rank = {
+        "source_coordinates": 0,
+        "stored_compute_center_location": 1,
+        "stored_collector_location": 1,
+        "ror_organization_registry": 2,
+        "inherited": 3,
+        "nominatim_online_geocode": 4,
+        "local_registry": 8,
+        "local_registry_city": 9,
+    }.get(candidate.source, 9)
+    return (source_rank, precision_rank, -float(candidate.confidence or 0))
+
+
+class LocationPipeline:
+    """Orchestrate a sequence of resolvers.
+
+    ``collect_candidates`` runs every resolver and returns *all* deduped
+    candidates plus the queries each resolver attempted (useful for
+    user-facing "why didn't this work?" diagnostics).
+
+    ``resolve_best`` returns the top candidate per
+    :func:`default_candidate_sort_key` (or a custom sort).
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        resolvers: Sequence[LocationResolver],
+        *,
+        sort_key=default_candidate_sort_key,
+        failure_reason: str = (
+            "Could not resolve to renderable coordinates from any configured resolver."
+        ),
+    ) -> None:
+        self._resolvers = list(resolvers)
+        self._sort_key = sort_key
+        self._failure_reason = failure_reason
+
+    @property
+    def resolvers(self) -> tuple[LocationResolver, ...]:
+        return tuple(self._resolvers)
+
+    def collect_candidates(
+        self, query: LocationQuery
+    ) -> tuple[list[LocationCandidate], list[str]]:
+        candidates: list[LocationCandidate] = []
+        attempted: list[str] = []
+        seen_keys: set[tuple[str, str, str]] = set()
+
+        for resolver in self._resolvers:
+            output = resolver.resolve(query)
+            for q in output.attempted_queries:
+                if q and q not in attempted:
+                    attempted.append(q)
+            for candidate in output.candidates:
+                key = (
+                    candidate.source,
+                    f"{candidate.latitude:.4f}",
+                    f"{candidate.longitude:.4f}",
+                )
+                if key in seen_keys:
+                    continue
+                seen_keys.add(key)
+                candidates.append(candidate)
+
+        candidates.sort(key=self._sort_key)
+        return candidates, attempted
+
+    def resolve_best(self, query: LocationQuery) -> ResolutionResult:
+        candidates, attempted = self.collect_candidates(query)
+        if candidates:
+            return ResolutionResult(
+                location=candidates[0],
+                diagnostic=None,
+                attempted_queries=tuple(attempted),
+            )
+        return ResolutionResult(
+            location=None,
+            diagnostic=ResolutionDiagnostic(
+                failure_reason=self._failure_reason,
+                attempted_queries=tuple(attempted),
+                name=query.name,
+                country=query.country,
+                city=query.city,
+                site=str(query.extra.get("site")) if query.extra.get("site") else None,
+                operator=str(query.extra.get("operator"))
+                if query.extra.get("operator")
+                else None,
+            ),
+            attempted_queries=tuple(attempted),
+        )

backend/app/services/location/resolvers/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+"""Built-in resolver implementations."""
+
+from .inherit import InheritFromAnotherEntityResolver
+from .nominatim import (
+    NominatimResolver,
+    build_default_nominatim_geocoder,
+    interpret_geocode_result,
+)
+from .registry import RegistryResolver, default_score_alias_match
+from .source_coordinates import SourceCoordinatesResolver
+
+__all__ = [
+    "InheritFromAnotherEntityResolver",
+    "NominatimResolver",
+    "RegistryResolver",
+    "SourceCoordinatesResolver",
+    "build_default_nominatim_geocoder",
+    "default_score_alias_match",
+    "interpret_geocode_result",
+]

backend/app/services/location/resolvers/inherit.py

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+"""Resolver that inherits a candidate from another entity's resolution.
+
+Used by BGP events to pick up the location of their owning collector. The
+``source_lookup`` callable is the only domain coupling — it receives the
+incoming :class:`LocationQuery` and returns either an already-resolved
+:class:`LocationCandidate` (typically by querying another pipeline) or
+``None`` to signal "no parent location available".
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Callable
+
+from ..models import LocationCandidate, LocationQuery, ResolverOutput
+
+
+class InheritFromAnotherEntityResolver:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        source_lookup: Callable[[LocationQuery], LocationCandidate | None],
+        name: str = "inherited",
+    ) -> None:
+        self.name = name
+        self._lookup = source_lookup
+
+    def resolve(self, query: LocationQuery) -> ResolverOutput:
+        result = self._lookup(query)
+        if result is None:
+            return ResolverOutput()
+        return ResolverOutput(candidates=(result,))

backend/app/services/location/resolvers/nominatim.py

@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
+"""Nominatim-backed online geocoder.
+
+The actual HTTP call is encapsulated in :func:`build_default_nominatim_geocoder`
+which returns an ``lru_cache``-wrapped function. Domain modules typically:
+
+1. Build a default geocoder via :func:`build_default_nominatim_geocoder`.
+2. Re-export it under a stable module-level name (e.g. ``_geocode_online``).
+3. Pass a *late-binding lambda* (``lambda q: _geocode_online(q)``) to
+   :class:`NominatimResolver`.
+
+This ensures tests that ``monkeypatch.setattr(module, "_geocode_online", ...)``
+can swap the geocoder behavior without touching pipeline construction.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import time
+from functools import lru_cache
+from typing import Any, Callable
+
+import httpx
+
+from ..models import LocationCandidate, LocationQuery, ResolverOutput
+from ..text import (
+    coerce_str,
+    normalize_country_text,
+    normalize_text,
+    parse_float,
+)
+
+NOMINATIM_SEARCH_URL = "https://nominatim.openstreetmap.org/search"
+DEFAULT_USER_AGENT = "planet-earth-location-resolver/1.0"
+DEFAULT_MIN_INTERVAL_SECONDS = 1.1
+DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS = 8.0
+
+
+def build_default_nominatim_geocoder(
+    *,
+    user_agent: str = DEFAULT_USER_AGENT,
+    min_interval_seconds: float = DEFAULT_MIN_INTERVAL_SECONDS,
+    timeout_seconds: float = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS,
+    cache_size: int = 512,
+) -> Callable[[str], dict[str, Any] | None]:
+    """Return a cached, rate-limited Nominatim geocoder."""
+
+    last_request_at = [0.0]
+
+    @lru_cache(maxsize=cache_size)
+    def geocode(query: str) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
+        if not query:
+            return None
+        elapsed = time.monotonic() - last_request_at[0]
+        if elapsed < min_interval_seconds:
+            time.sleep(min_interval_seconds - elapsed)
+        last_request_at[0] = time.monotonic()
+        response = httpx.get(
+            NOMINATIM_SEARCH_URL,
+            params={
+                "q": query,
+                "format": "jsonv2",
+                "limit": 1,
+                "addressdetails": 1,
+            },
+            headers={"User-Agent": user_agent},
+            timeout=timeout_seconds,
+        )
+        response.raise_for_status()
+        payload = response.json()
+        if not isinstance(payload, list) or not payload:
+            return None
+        result = payload[0]
+        if not isinstance(result, dict):
+            return None
+        return result
+
+    return geocode
+
+
+_DEFAULT_SITE_CATEGORIES = frozenset(
+    {
+        "amenity",
+        "office",
+        "building",
+        "industrial",
+        "research",
+        "university",
+        "education",
+        "tourism",
+        "shop",
+        "man_made",
+        "campus",
+        "research_institute",
+    }
+)
+
+
+def interpret_geocode_result(
+    result: dict[str, Any],
+    *,
+    matched_fields: tuple[str, ...],
+    context_country: str | None,
+    site_categories: frozenset[str] = _DEFAULT_SITE_CATEGORIES,
+    site_promoting_match_fields: frozenset[str] = frozenset(
+        {"site", "operator", "name"}
+    ),
+) -> tuple[float, float, dict[str, Any], str] | None:
+    """Validate a Nominatim raw result. Returns (lat, lon, address, classification)."""
+    latitude = parse_float(result.get("lat"))
+    longitude = parse_float(result.get("lon"))
+    if latitude in (None, 0.0) or longitude in (None, 0.0):
+        return None
+
+    address = result.get("address") if isinstance(result.get("address"), dict) else {}
+    if not isinstance(address, dict):
+        address = {}
+
+    has_city_level = bool(
+        address.get("city")
+        or address.get("town")
+        or address.get("village")
+        or address.get("municipality")
+        or address.get("hamlet")
+        or address.get("suburb")
+    )
+    osm_class = str(result.get("class") or "").lower()
+    osm_type = str(result.get("type") or "").lower()
+    is_site_like = osm_class in site_categories or osm_type in site_categories
+    if not has_city_level and not is_site_like:
+        return None
+
+    if context_country:
+        normalized_context = normalize_text(normalize_country_text(context_country))
+        normalized_result = normalize_text(
+            normalize_country_text(address.get("country"))
+        )
+        if (
+            normalized_context
+            and normalized_result
+            and normalized_context != normalized_result
+        ):
+            return None
+
+    classification = (
+        "site"
+        if (
+            is_site_like
+            and has_city_level
+            and any(field in site_promoting_match_fields for field in matched_fields)
+        )
+        else "city"
+    )
+    return float(latitude), float(longitude), address, classification
+
+
+def _candidate_from_geocode(
+    *,
+    query: LocationQuery,
+    geocode_query: str,
+    matched_fields: tuple[str, ...],
+    raw_result: dict[str, Any],
+    interpret: Callable[..., tuple[float, float, dict[str, Any], str] | None],
+    source: str,
+    site_confidence: float,
+    city_confidence: float,
+) -> LocationCandidate | None:
+    interpreted = interpret(
+        raw_result,
+        matched_fields=matched_fields,
+        context_country=query.country,
+    )
+    if not interpreted:
+        return None
+    latitude, longitude, address, classification = interpreted
+    city = (
+        address.get("city")
+        or address.get("town")
+        or address.get("village")
+        or address.get("municipality")
+        or query.city
+        or None
+    )
+    region = address.get("state") or address.get("region")
+    country = address.get("country") or query.country or None
+    display_name = raw_result.get("display_name") or geocode_query
+    confidence = city_confidence if classification == "city" else site_confidence
+
+    extra = query.extra or {}
+    suggested_registry_entry = {
+        "canonical_name": (
+            (query.aliases[0] if query.aliases else None)
+            or query.name
+            or display_name
+        ),
+        "aliases": list(
+            {
+                value
+                for value in [
+                    query.name,
+                    *query.aliases,
+                    coerce_str(extra.get("operator")),
+                    coerce_str(extra.get("site")),
+                ]
+                if value
+            }
+        ),
+        "operator": coerce_str(extra.get("operator")) or None,
+        "site": coerce_str(extra.get("site"))
+        or coerce_str(extra.get("organization"))
+        or None,
+        "country": country,
+        "city": city,
+        "region": region,
+        "latitude": latitude,
+        "longitude": longitude,
+        "precision": classification,
+        "confidence": confidence,
+        "source_note": (
+            f"Resolved via Nominatim query '{geocode_query}' → {display_name}"
+        ),
+    }
+    return LocationCandidate(
+        latitude=latitude,
+        longitude=longitude,
+        display_name=display_name,
+        precision=classification,
+        confidence=confidence,
+        query=geocode_query,
+        source=source,
+        source_note=f"Nominatim search result: {display_name}",
+        matched_fields=matched_fields,
+        needs_confirmation=True,
+        city=city,
+        region=region,
+        country=country,
+        matched_location_name=display_name,
+        location_verified_at=None,
+        suggested_registry_entry=suggested_registry_entry,
+    )
+
+
+class NominatimResolver:
+    """Run a domain-specific query plan against Nominatim."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        query_plan_builder: Callable[
+            [LocationQuery], list[tuple[str, tuple[str, ...]]]
+        ],
+        geocoder: Callable[[str], dict[str, Any] | None],
+        name: str = "nominatim_online_geocode",
+        site_confidence: float = 0.72,
+        city_confidence: float = 0.62,
+        interpret: Callable[..., tuple[float, float, dict[str, Any], str] | None] = (
+            interpret_geocode_result
+        ),
+    ) -> None:
+        self.name = name
+        self._query_plan_builder = query_plan_builder
+        self._geocoder = geocoder
+        self._site_confidence = site_confidence
+        self._city_confidence = city_confidence
+        self._interpret = interpret
+
+    def resolve(self, query: LocationQuery) -> ResolverOutput:
+        plan = self._query_plan_builder(query)
+        candidates: list[LocationCandidate] = []
+        attempted: list[str] = []
+        for geocode_query, matched_fields in plan:
+            attempted.append(geocode_query)
+            try:
+                raw_result = self._geocoder(geocode_query)
+            except Exception:
+                continue
+            if not raw_result:
+                continue
+            candidate = _candidate_from_geocode(
+                query=query,
+                geocode_query=geocode_query,
+                matched_fields=matched_fields,
+                raw_result=raw_result,
+                interpret=self._interpret,
+                source=self.name,
+                site_confidence=self._site_confidence,
+                city_confidence=self._city_confidence,
+            )
+            if candidate is not None:
+                candidates.append(candidate)
+        return ResolverOutput(
+            candidates=tuple(candidates),
+            attempted_queries=tuple(attempted),
+        )

backend/app/services/location/resolvers/registry.py

@@ -0,0 +1,323 @@
+"""Resolver that matches a query against a local JSON registry.
+
+Registry schema (a single JSON file):
+
+    {
+      "locations": [
+        {
+          "canonical_name": "...",
+          "aliases": ["...", "..."],
+          "operator": "...",
+          "site": "...",
+          "city": "...",
+          "country": "...",
+          "region": "...",
+          "latitude": 0.0,
+          "longitude": 0.0,
+          "precision": "precise" | "site" | "city",
+          "confidence": 0.0,
+          "verification_status": "verified",
+          "source_note": "...",
+          "verified_at": "YYYY-MM-DD"
+        }
+      ],
+      "city_fallbacks": [ {city, country, latitude, longitude, ...} ]
+    }
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+from functools import lru_cache
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any, Callable, Iterable
+
+from ..models import (
+    RENDERABLE_PRECISIONS,
+    LocationCandidate,
+    LocationQuery,
+    ResolverOutput,
+)
+from ..text import (
+    city_key,
+    normalize_country_text,
+    normalize_text,
+    parse_float,
+)
+
+# Field-priority weights when scoring "this query field text contains this
+# alias text". Tuned to match the legacy compute-center ordering — name beats
+# site beats operator beats city — which generalizes well to other domains.
+_DEFAULT_FIELD_PRIORITY = {
+    "name": 8,
+    "site": 6,
+    "operator": 5,
+    "city": 3,
+}
+
+
+def default_score_alias_match(
+    alias_field: str, record_field: str, alias_text: str
+) -> int:
+    score = max(0, len(alias_text))
+    score += _DEFAULT_FIELD_PRIORITY.get(alias_field, 1)
+    if alias_field == record_field:
+        score += 4
+    if alias_field == "name" and record_field in {"name", "name_short", "alias"}:
+        score += 6
+    if alias_field == "site" and record_field in {"site", "organization"}:
+        score += 4
+    if alias_field == "operator" and record_field in {"operator", "organization"}:
+        score += 4
+    return score
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=32)
+def _load_registry_file(path: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    with Path(path).open("r", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
+        return json.load(handle)
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=32)
+def _build_alias_index(
+    path: str,
+) -> tuple[tuple[dict[str, Any], tuple[tuple[str, str], ...]], ...]:
+    index: list[tuple[dict[str, Any], tuple[tuple[str, str], ...]]] = []
+    for entry in _load_registry_file(path).get("locations", []):
+        aliases: list[tuple[str, str]] = []
+        seen: set[str] = set()
+        for alias in [entry.get("canonical_name"), *(entry.get("aliases") or [])]:
+            normalized = normalize_text(alias)
+            if normalized and normalized not in seen:
+                aliases.append(("name", normalized))
+                seen.add(normalized)
+        for field_name in ("operator", "site", "city"):
+            value = entry.get(field_name)
+            normalized = normalize_text(value)
+            if normalized and normalized not in seen:
+                aliases.append((field_name, normalized))
+                seen.add(normalized)
+        index.append((entry, tuple(aliases)))
+    return tuple(index)
+
+
+def _query_corpus(query: LocationQuery) -> dict[str, str]:
+    """Map a query into normalized strings keyed by source field."""
+    fields: dict[str, str] = {
+        "name": query.name or "",
+        "city": query.city or "",
+        "country": query.country or "",
+    }
+    for alias in query.aliases:
+        if alias and alias != query.name:
+            fields["name_short"] = alias
+            break
+    extra = query.extra or {}
+    for key in ("site", "operator", "organization"):
+        value = extra.get(key)
+        if value:
+            fields[key] = str(value)
+    return {key: normalize_text(value) for key, value in fields.items() if value}
+
+
+def _country_compatible(entry: dict[str, Any], query: LocationQuery) -> bool:
+    record_country = normalize_country_text(query.country)
+    entry_country = normalize_country_text(entry.get("country"))
+    if not record_country or not entry_country:
+        return True
+    return normalize_text(record_country) == normalize_text(entry_country)
+
+
+def _normalized_alias_matches(alias_normalized: str, record_text: str) -> bool:
+    alias_tokens = alias_normalized.split()
+    record_tokens = record_text.split()
+    if not alias_tokens or not record_tokens:
+        return False
+    if len(alias_tokens) == 1:
+        return alias_tokens[0] in record_tokens
+    window_size = len(alias_tokens)
+    return any(
+        record_tokens[index : index + window_size] == alias_tokens
+        for index in range(0, len(record_tokens) - window_size + 1)
+    )
+
+
+def _entry_to_candidate(
+    entry: dict[str, Any],
+    *,
+    matched_alias: str,
+    matched_fields: Iterable[str],
+    source: str,
+    score_explainer: str,
+    confidence_floor: float,
+) -> LocationCandidate:
+    canonical_name = entry.get("canonical_name") or matched_alias
+    # Registry entries are treated as candidates unless explicitly verified.
+    # This prevents migrated hard-coded hints from appearing as factual
+    # location evidence.
+    is_verified = entry.get("verification_status") == "verified"
+    precision = entry.get("precision") or "city"
+    if precision not in RENDERABLE_PRECISIONS:
+        precision = "city"
+    fields_summary = ", ".join(sorted(set(matched_fields))) or "name"
+    confidence_value = parse_float(entry.get("confidence"))
+    confidence = (
+        float(confidence_value)
+        if confidence_value is not None
+        else confidence_floor
+    )
+    return LocationCandidate(
+        latitude=float(parse_float(entry.get("latitude")) or 0.0),
+        longitude=float(parse_float(entry.get("longitude")) or 0.0),
+        display_name=canonical_name,
+        precision=precision,
+        confidence=confidence,
+        query=f"local_registry::{matched_alias or canonical_name}",
+        source=source,
+        source_note=entry.get("source_note")
+        or f"{score_explainer}: matched {fields_summary}",
+        matched_fields=tuple(sorted(set(matched_fields))) or ("name",),
+        needs_confirmation=bool(entry.get("needs_confirmation")) or not is_verified,
+        city=entry.get("city"),
+        region=entry.get("region"),
+        country=entry.get("country"),
+        matched_location_name=canonical_name,
+        location_verified_at=entry.get("verified_at") if is_verified else None,
+        suggested_registry_entry=None,
+    )
+
+
+class RegistryResolver:
+    """Match a query against a JSON registry (plus its city_fallbacks table)."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        registry_path: Path | str,
+        name: str = "local_registry",
+        city_fallback_source: str = "local_registry_city",
+        city_fallback_confidence_default: float = 0.65,
+        confidence_default: float = 0.85,
+        score_alias_match: Callable[[str, str, str], int] = default_score_alias_match,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.name = name
+        self._registry_path = str(Path(registry_path))
+        self._city_fallback_source = city_fallback_source
+        self._city_fallback_confidence_default = city_fallback_confidence_default
+        self._confidence_default = confidence_default
+        self._score = score_alias_match
+
+    def reload(self) -> None:
+        """Drop the cached registry — useful when the JSON file is edited."""
+        _load_registry_file.cache_clear()
+        _build_alias_index.cache_clear()
+
+    def resolve(self, query: LocationQuery) -> ResolverOutput:
+        candidates: list[LocationCandidate] = []
+        candidates.extend(self._registry_candidates(query))
+        city_candidate = self._city_fallback_candidate(query)
+        if city_candidate is not None:
+            candidates.append(city_candidate)
+        return ResolverOutput(candidates=tuple(candidates))
+
+    # ── internals ──────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    def _registry_candidates(
+        self, query: LocationQuery
+    ) -> list[LocationCandidate]:
+        corpus = _query_corpus(query)
+        if not corpus:
+            return []
+
+        # When the query carries a name (a record-specific identifier), require
+        # at least one alias match against a name-class field — otherwise a
+        # generic shared field like operator="RIPE NCC" would promote every
+        # registry entry that lists that operator, regardless of whether the
+        # name matches.
+        query_has_name = bool(corpus.get("name") or corpus.get("name_short"))
+
+        results: list[LocationCandidate] = []
+        for entry, aliases in _build_alias_index(self._registry_path):
+            best_alias = ""
+            best_score = 0
+            matched_fields: list[str] = []
+            matched_via_name_alias = False
+            for alias_field, alias_normalized in aliases:
+                for record_field, record_text in corpus.items():
+                    if not _normalized_alias_matches(alias_normalized, record_text):
+                        continue
+                    score = self._score(
+                        alias_field, record_field, alias_normalized
+                    )
+                    if score > best_score or (
+                        score == best_score
+                        and len(alias_normalized) > len(best_alias)
+                    ):
+                        best_score = score
+                        best_alias = alias_normalized
+                    if record_field not in matched_fields:
+                        matched_fields.append(record_field)
+                    if alias_field == "name" and record_field in {"name", "name_short"}:
+                        matched_via_name_alias = True
+            if not matched_fields or best_score <= 0:
+                continue
+            if query_has_name and not matched_via_name_alias:
+                continue
+            if not _country_compatible(entry, query):
+                continue
+            results.append(
+                _entry_to_candidate(
+                    entry,
+                    matched_alias=best_alias,
+                    matched_fields=matched_fields,
+                    source=self.name,
+                    score_explainer="Registry alias match",
+                    confidence_floor=self._confidence_default,
+                )
+            )
+        return results
+
+    def _city_fallback_candidate(
+        self, query: LocationQuery
+    ) -> LocationCandidate | None:
+        country = normalize_country_text(query.country)
+        city = city_key(query.city)
+        if not country or not city:
+            return None
+
+        for fallback in _load_registry_file(self._registry_path).get(
+            "city_fallbacks", []
+        ):
+            fallback_country = normalize_country_text(fallback.get("country"))
+            fallback_city = city_key(fallback.get("city"))
+            if fallback_country != country or fallback_city != city:
+                continue
+            confidence_value = parse_float(fallback.get("confidence"))
+            confidence = (
+                float(confidence_value)
+                if confidence_value is not None
+                else self._city_fallback_confidence_default
+            )
+            return LocationCandidate(
+                latitude=float(parse_float(fallback.get("latitude")) or 0.0),
+                longitude=float(parse_float(fallback.get("longitude")) or 0.0),
+                display_name=fallback.get("city") or "",
+                precision="city",
+                confidence=confidence,
+                query=(
+                    f"city_fallback::{fallback.get('city')}, "
+                    f"{fallback.get('country')}"
+                ),
+                source=self._city_fallback_source,
+                source_note=fallback.get("source_note")
+                or f"City fallback for {fallback.get('city')}, {fallback.get('country')}",
+                matched_fields=("city", "country"),
+                needs_confirmation=False,
+                city=fallback.get("city"),
+                region=fallback.get("region"),
+                country=fallback.get("country"),
+                matched_location_name=fallback.get("city"),
+                location_verified_at=fallback.get("verified_at"),
+                suggested_registry_entry=None,
+            )
+        return None

backend/app/services/location/resolvers/source_coordinates.py

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+"""Resolver that consumes lat/lon already present on the source record."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from ..models import LocationCandidate, LocationQuery, ResolverOutput
+from ..text import normalize_country_text
+
+
+class SourceCoordinatesResolver:
+    """Pass-through for records that already carry valid coordinates."""
+
+    name = "source_coordinates"
+
+    def __init__(self, *, source: str = "source_coordinates") -> None:
+        self._source = source
+
+    def resolve(self, query: LocationQuery) -> ResolverOutput:
+        lat = query.source_latitude
+        lon = query.source_longitude
+        if lat in (None, 0.0) or lon in (None, 0.0):
+            return ResolverOutput()
+
+        country = normalize_country_text(query.country) or query.country
+        candidate = LocationCandidate(
+            latitude=float(lat),
+            longitude=float(lon),
+            display_name=query.name or "",
+            precision="precise",
+            confidence=1.0,
+            query="source_coordinates",
+            source=self._source,
+            source_note="Source record provided valid coordinates.",
+            matched_fields=("source_coordinates",),
+            needs_confirmation=False,
+            city=query.city,
+            region=query.region,
+            country=country,
+            matched_location_name=query.name,
+            location_verified_at=None,
+            suggested_registry_entry=None,
+        )
+        return ResolverOutput(candidates=(candidate,))

backend/app/services/location/text.py

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+"""Text-normalization helpers shared by every resolver."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import re
+from typing import Any
+
+from app.core.countries import normalize_country
+
+
+def parse_float(value: Any) -> float | None:
+    try:
+        if value in (None, ""):
+            return None
+        return float(value)
+    except (TypeError, ValueError):
+        return None
+
+
+def coerce_str(value: Any) -> str:
+    if value in (None, ""):
+        return ""
+    return str(value).strip()
+
+
+def normalize_text(value: Any) -> str:
+    if value in (None, ""):
+        return ""
+    normalized = str(value).casefold()
+    normalized = re.sub(r"[^a-z0-9一-鿿]+", " ", normalized)
+    return re.sub(r"\s+", " ", normalized).strip()
+
+
+def normalize_country_text(value: Any) -> str:
+    normalized = normalize_country(value)
+    return normalized or coerce_str(value)
+
+
+def city_key(city: Any) -> str:
+    text = coerce_str(city).split(",", 1)[0]
+    return normalize_text(text)

backend/app/services/otp.py

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+"""One-time verification codes backed by Redis.
+
+Reusable primitive for register/verify-email/reset-password (and any future 2FA or
+phone-number verification). Codes are bcrypt-hashed before storage so a Redis dump
+does not leak active codes.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import secrets
+from typing import Literal
+
+import bcrypt
+
+from app.core.security import redis_client
+
+OtpPurpose = Literal["register", "verify_email", "reset_password"]
+
+CODE_TTL_SECONDS = 600  # 10 minutes
+RESEND_COOLDOWN_SECONDS = 60
+MAX_ATTEMPTS = 5
+CODE_LENGTH = 6
+
+
+class OtpError(Exception):
+    code: str = "OTP_ERROR"
+
+
+class OtpResendRateLimited(OtpError):
+    code = "OTP_RESEND_RATE_LIMITED"
+
+    def __init__(self, retry_after_seconds: int) -> None:
+        super().__init__(f"Resend allowed in {retry_after_seconds}s")
+        self.retry_after_seconds = retry_after_seconds
+
+
+class OtpInvalid(OtpError):
+    code = "OTP_INVALID"
+
+
+class OtpExpired(OtpError):
+    code = "OTP_EXPIRED"
+
+
+class OtpAttemptsExceeded(OtpError):
+    code = "OTP_ATTEMPTS_EXCEEDED"
+
+
+def _code_key(email: str, purpose: OtpPurpose) -> str:
+    return f"otp:{purpose}:{email.lower()}"
+
+
+def _rate_key(email: str, purpose: OtpPurpose) -> str:
+    return f"otp_rate:{purpose}:{email.lower()}"
+
+
+def _generate_code() -> str:
+    # secrets.randbelow gives uniform 0..10**CODE_LENGTH-1 without modulo bias
+    return f"{secrets.randbelow(10 ** CODE_LENGTH):0{CODE_LENGTH}d}"
+
+
+def check_resend_allowed(email: str, purpose: OtpPurpose) -> None:
+    ttl = redis_client.ttl(_rate_key(email, purpose))
+    if ttl and ttl > 0:
+        raise OtpResendRateLimited(ttl)
+
+
+def issue_code(email: str, purpose: OtpPurpose) -> str:
+    """Generate a new code, persist its hash, and start the resend cooldown.
+
+    Caller is responsible for delivering the returned plaintext (e.g. via email).
+    Any pre-existing code for the same (purpose, email) is overwritten.
+    """
+    check_resend_allowed(email, purpose)
+    code = _generate_code()
+    hashed = bcrypt.hashpw(code.encode(), bcrypt.gensalt()).decode()
+    payload = json.dumps({"hash": hashed, "attempts": 0})
+    redis_client.set(_code_key(email, purpose), payload, ex=CODE_TTL_SECONDS)
+    redis_client.set(_rate_key(email, purpose), "1", ex=RESEND_COOLDOWN_SECONDS)
+    return code
+
+
+def verify_code(email: str, purpose: OtpPurpose, code: str) -> None:
+    """Validate and consume a code. Raises subclasses of OtpError on failure."""
+    key = _code_key(email, purpose)
+    raw = redis_client.get(key)
+    if raw is None:
+        raise OtpExpired("Code expired or never issued")
+    record = json.loads(raw)
+    attempts = int(record.get("attempts", 0))
+    if attempts >= MAX_ATTEMPTS:
+        redis_client.delete(key)
+        raise OtpAttemptsExceeded("Too many invalid attempts")
+    if not bcrypt.checkpw(code.encode(), record["hash"].encode()):
+        record["attempts"] = attempts + 1
+        ttl = redis_client.ttl(key)
+        redis_client.set(key, json.dumps(record), ex=max(ttl, 1))
+        raise OtpInvalid("Incorrect code")
+    redis_client.delete(key)

backend/app/services/playground_chat_service.py

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ from app.services.playground_session_store import upsert_playground_session
 STREAM_CHUNK_SIZE = 24
 STREAM_INTERVAL_SECONDS = 0.08
 THINKING_PREVIEW_SECONDS = 2.6
+ORPHANED_RUN_MESSAGE = "后台生成任务已中断，请点击上一条用户消息的重试按钮重新生成。"
 
 
 class _ActiveRun:
@@ -179,6 +180,7 @@ async def _build_thread_response(
     session: PlaygroundSession,
 ) -> PlaygroundThreadResponse:
     messages = await _list_visible_messages(db, session_id=session.id)
+    messages = await _reconcile_orphaned_active_messages(db, messages)
     id_map = {item.id: item.public_id for item in messages}
     return PlaygroundThreadResponse(
         session=session_to_response(session),
@@ -186,6 +188,30 @@ async def _build_thread_response(
     )
 
 
+async def _reconcile_orphaned_active_messages(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    messages: list[PlaygroundMessage],
+) -> list[PlaygroundMessage]:
+    changed = False
+    for item in messages:
+        if item.status not in {"pending", "thinking", "answering"}:
+            continue
+        if item.public_id in _ACTIVE_RUNS:
+            continue
+        item.status = "error"
+        item.content = item.content or ORPHANED_RUN_MESSAGE
+        orphan_meta = "错误: 后台任务已中断"
+        if orphan_meta not in (item.meta or []):
+            item.meta = [*(item.meta or []), orphan_meta]
+        changed = True
+    if changed:
+        await db.flush()
+        await db.commit()
+        for item in messages:
+            await db.refresh(item)
+    return messages
+
+
 async def get_thread(
     db: AsyncSession,
     *,
@@ -550,6 +576,15 @@ def _build_conversation_history(messages: Sequence[PlaygroundMessage], current_u
     return history[-8:]
 
 
+def _format_run_exception(exc: Exception) -> str:
+    if isinstance(exc, HTTPException):
+        detail = exc.detail
+        if isinstance(detail, str):
+            return detail
+        return str(detail)
+    return str(exc) or type(exc).__name__
+
+
 async def _run_assistant_message(
     *,
     user_id: int,
@@ -680,13 +715,18 @@ async def _run_assistant_message(
                 await db.commit()
         raise
     except Exception as exc:
+        error_message = _format_run_exception(exc)
         async with async_session_factory() as db:
             result = await db.execute(select(PlaygroundMessage).where(PlaygroundMessage.id == assistant_message_id))
             message = result.scalar_one_or_none()
             if message is not None:
                 message.status = "error"
-                message.content = message.content or "分析失败，请检查 AI Provider 配置或稍后再试。"
-                message.meta = [*(message.meta or []), f"错误: {type(exc).__name__}"]
+                message.content = message.content or f"分析失败：{error_message}"
+                message.meta = [
+                    *(message.meta or []),
+                    f"Request ID: {request_id}",
+                    f"错误: {error_message}",
+                ]
                 await db.flush()
                 await db.commit()
     finally:

backend/app/services/scheduler.py

@@ -374,6 +374,11 @@ def run_collector_now(collector_name: str) -> bool:
         return False
 
 
+def is_collector_running(collector_name: str) -> bool:
+    task = get_running_collector_task(collector_name)
+    return bool(task is not None and not task.done())
+
+
 async def cancel_running_collector_now(collector_name: str) -> bool:
     task = get_running_collector_task(collector_name)
     if task is None or task.done():

backend/app/services/vessel_ais_aggregation.py

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import json
 from typing import Any, Iterable
 
 from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy import Float
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 from app.models.vessel import AISConflictRecord, AISRawObservation, AISSourceHealth
@@ -17,6 +18,10 @@ from app.services.vessel_types import normalize_vessel_type_name
 
 VESSEL_AIS_SCHEMA = "vessel_ais"
 DEFAULT_AGGREGATION_WINDOW_HOURS = 24
+DEFAULT_SNAPSHOT_WINDOW_MINUTES = 60
+MAX_SNAPSHOT_LIMIT = 5000
+MAX_SNAPSHOT_CANDIDATE_MULTIPLIER = 20
+MAX_SNAPSHOT_CANDIDATE_OBSERVATIONS = 100_000
 BARENTSWATCH_DELIVERY_MODE = "polling"
 BARENTSWATCH_TRANSPORT = "http"
 AISSTREAM_DELIVERY_MODE = "realtime_stream"
@@ -564,6 +569,46 @@ async def get_aggregated_vessels(
     return vessels
 
 
+async def get_aggregated_vessels_snapshot(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    *,
+    bbox: tuple[float, float, float, float],
+    limit: int = 1000,
+    observed_since: datetime | None = None,
+) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
+    """Return a bounded viewport snapshot without loading the global AIS window."""
+
+    observed_since = observed_since or (
+        datetime.now(UTC) - timedelta(minutes=DEFAULT_SNAPSHOT_WINDOW_MINUTES)
+    )
+    safe_limit = min(max(int(limit or 1000), 1), MAX_SNAPSHOT_LIMIT)
+    candidate_limit = min(
+        max(safe_limit * MAX_SNAPSHOT_CANDIDATE_MULTIPLIER, safe_limit),
+        MAX_SNAPSHOT_CANDIDATE_OBSERVATIONS,
+    )
+    lon_min, lat_min, lon_max, lat_max = bbox
+    payload_lon = AISRawObservation.normalized_payload["lon"].as_string().cast(Float)
+    payload_lat = AISRawObservation.normalized_payload["lat"].as_string().cast(Float)
+
+    stmt = (
+        select(AISRawObservation)
+        .where(AISRawObservation.target_schema == VESSEL_AIS_SCHEMA)
+        .where(AISRawObservation.observed_at >= observed_since)
+        .where(payload_lon >= lon_min)
+        .where(payload_lon <= lon_max)
+        .where(payload_lat >= lat_min)
+        .where(payload_lat <= lat_max)
+        .order_by(AISRawObservation.observed_at.desc(), AISRawObservation.id.desc())
+        .limit(candidate_limit)
+    )
+
+    result = await db.execute(stmt)
+    if not hasattr(result, "scalars"):
+        return []
+    vessels = await aggregate_vessel_observations(db, result.scalars().all())
+    return vessels[:safe_limit]
+
+
 async def get_aggregated_vessel(db: AsyncSession, mmsi: int) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
     observations = await get_vessel_raw_observations(db, mmsi, limit=1000)
     vessels = await aggregate_vessel_observations(db, observations)

backend/scripts/create_admin.py

@@ -17,15 +17,16 @@ async def create_admin():
         existing_user = result.scalar_one_or_none()
 
         if existing_user:
-            print(f"用户 linkong 已存在，更新密码...")
-            existing_user.set_password("LK12345678")
+            print("用户 linkong 已存在，更新密码...")
+            existing_user.set_password("12345678")
             existing_user.role = "super_admin"
+            existing_user.email = "linkong@planet.local"
         else:
             print("创建管理员用户...")
             user = User(
                 username="linkong",
-                email="linkong@example.com",
-                password_hash=get_password_hash("LK12345678"),
+                email="linkong@planet.local",
+                password_hash=get_password_hash("12345678"),
                 role="super_admin",
                 is_active=True,
             )

backend/scripts/init_admin.py

@@ -6,29 +6,58 @@ import sys
 sys.path.insert(0, ".")
 
 from app.core.security import get_password_hash
-from app.db.session import engine, async_session_factory
+from app.db.session import async_session_factory
 from app.models.user import User
 
+DEFAULT_LOGIN_USERS = (
+    {
+        "username": "admin",
+        "email": "admin@planet.local",
+        "password": "admin123",
+        "role": "super_admin",
+    },
+    {
+        "username": "linkong",
+        "email": "linkong@planet.local",
+        "password": "12345678",
+        "role": "super_admin",
+    },
+)
+
 
 async def create_admin():
     from sqlalchemy import text
 
     async with async_session_factory() as session:
-        result = await session.execute(text("SELECT id FROM users WHERE username = 'admin'"))
-        if result.fetchone():
-            print("Admin user already exists")
+        created = []
+        for default_user in DEFAULT_LOGIN_USERS:
+            result = await session.execute(
+                text("SELECT id FROM users WHERE username = :username"),
+                {"username": default_user["username"]},
+            )
+            if result.fetchone():
+                continue
+
+            session.add(
+                User(
+                    username=default_user["username"],
+                    email=default_user["email"],
+                    password_hash=get_password_hash(default_user["password"]),
+                    role=default_user["role"],
+                    is_active=True,
+                )
+            )
+            created.append(default_user)
+
+        await session.commit()
+        if not created:
+            print("Default login users already exist")
             return
 
-        admin = User(
-            username="admin",
-            email="admin@planet.local",
-            password_hash=get_password_hash("admin123"),
-            role="super_admin",
-            is_active=True,
-        )
-        session.add(admin)
-        await session.commit()
-        print("Admin user created: admin / admin123")
+        for default_user in created:
+            print(
+                f"Default login user created: {default_user['username']} / {default_user['password']}"
+            )
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":

backend/scripts/init_db.py

@@ -12,8 +12,20 @@ from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
 import bcrypt
 
 
-# Generate proper bcrypt hash
-ADMIN_PASSWORD_HASH = bcrypt.hashpw("admin123".encode(), bcrypt.gensalt()).decode()
+DEFAULT_LOGIN_USERS = (
+    {
+        "username": "admin",
+        "email": "admin@planet.local",
+        "password": "admin123",
+        "role": "super_admin",
+    },
+    {
+        "username": "linkong",
+        "email": "linkong@planet.local",
+        "password": "12345678",
+        "role": "super_admin",
+    },
+)
 
 
 async def create_admin():
@@ -22,23 +34,42 @@ async def create_admin():
     async_session = sessionmaker(engine, class_=AsyncSession, expire_on_commit=False)
 
     async with async_session() as session:
-        result = await session.execute(
-            text("SELECT id FROM users WHERE username = 'admin'")
-        )
-        if result.fetchone():
-            print("Admin user already exists")
+        created = []
+        for default_user in DEFAULT_LOGIN_USERS:
+            result = await session.execute(
+                text("SELECT id FROM users WHERE username = :username"),
+                {"username": default_user["username"]},
+            )
+            if result.fetchone():
+                continue
+
+            password_hash = bcrypt.hashpw(
+                default_user["password"].encode(), bcrypt.gensalt()
+            ).decode()
+            await session.execute(
+                text("""
+                    INSERT INTO users (username, email, password_hash, role, is_active, created_at, updated_at)
+                    VALUES (:username, :email, :password, :role, true, NOW(), NOW())
+                """),
+                {
+                    "username": default_user["username"],
+                    "email": default_user["email"],
+                    "password": password_hash,
+                    "role": default_user["role"],
+                },
+            )
+            created.append((default_user, password_hash))
+
+        await session.commit()
+        if not created:
+            print("Default login users already exist")
             return
 
-        await session.execute(
-            text("""
-                INSERT INTO users (username, email, password_hash, role, is_active, created_at, updated_at)
-                VALUES ('admin', 'admin@planet.local', :password, 'super_admin', true, NOW(), NOW())
-            """),
-            {"password": ADMIN_PASSWORD_HASH},
-        )
-        await session.commit()
-        print(f"Admin user created: admin / admin123")
-        print(f"Hash: {ADMIN_PASSWORD_HASH}")
+        for default_user, password_hash in created:
+            print(
+                f"Default login user created: {default_user['username']} / {default_user['password']}"
+            )
+            print(f"Hash: {password_hash}")
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":

backend/tests/conftest.py

@@ -2,10 +2,45 @@
 
 import pytest
 import asyncio
-from typing import AsyncGenerator
-from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock, patch
+import json
+from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock
 
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession, create_async_engine, async_sessionmaker
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def bgp_collector_location_cache():
+    """Mirror app startup seeding for tests that call sync BGP helpers."""
+    from app.services.bgp_collector_locations import (
+        SEED_PATH,
+        set_bgp_collector_location_cache,
+    )
+
+    payload = json.loads(SEED_PATH.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
+    cache = {}
+    for entry in payload.get("locations", []):
+        collector_id = next(
+            alias for alias in entry.get("aliases", []) if str(alias).startswith("rrc")
+        )
+        cache[collector_id] = {
+            "city": entry.get("city"),
+            "country": entry.get("country"),
+            "latitude": entry.get("latitude"),
+            "longitude": entry.get("longitude"),
+            "precision": entry.get("precision") or "city",
+            "source": "legacy_seed",
+            "needs_confirmation": True,
+            "matched_location_name": entry.get("site") or collector_id,
+            "verified_at": None,
+            "confidence": entry.get("confidence"),
+            "operator": entry.get("operator"),
+            "site": entry.get("site"),
+            "verification_status": "unverified",
+            "source_note": entry.get("source_note"),
+        }
+    set_bgp_collector_location_cache(cache)
+    yield
+    set_bgp_collector_location_cache({})
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(scope="session")

backend/tests/test_api.py

@@ -18,6 +18,17 @@ from app.schemas.ai import (
 )
 
 
+class _FakeRedisClient:
+    def sismember(self, *_args, **_kwargs):
+        return False
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def fake_token_blacklist(monkeypatch):
+    """Keep API auth tests independent from an external Redis service."""
+    monkeypatch.setattr("app.core.security.redis_client", _FakeRedisClient())
+
+
 @pytest.fixture
 def auth_headers():
     """Create authentication headers"""
@@ -62,20 +73,43 @@ async def test_dashboard_stats_without_auth():
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_dashboard_stats_with_auth(auth_headers):
     """Test dashboard stats with authentication"""
-    with patch("app.api.v1.dashboard.cache.get", return_value=None):
-        with patch("app.api.v1.dashboard.cache.set", return_value=True):
-            with patch("app.db.session.get_db") as mock_get_db:
-                mock_session = AsyncMock()
-                mock_result = AsyncMock()
-                mock_result.scalar.return_value = 0
-                mock_result.fetchall.return_value = []
-                mock_session.execute.return_value = mock_result
+    class _StatsResult:
+        def __init__(self, row):
+            self._row = row
 
-                async def mock_db_context():
-                    yield mock_session
+        def one(self):
+            return self._row
 
-                mock_get_db.return_value = mock_db_context()
+    class _FakeStatsSession:
+        def __init__(self):
+            self._rows = [
+                type("DatasourceStats", (), {"custom_count": 0, "custom_active": 0})(),
+                type("TaskStats", (), {"tasks_today": 0, "success_tasks": 0})(),
+                type(
+                    "AlertStats",
+                    (),
+                    {"critical_alerts": 0, "warning_alerts": 0, "info_alerts": 0},
+                )(),
+            ]
 
+        async def execute(self, _query):
+            return _StatsResult(self._rows.pop(0))
+
+    def override_get_current_user():
+        return User(id=1, username="testuser", email="test@example.com", role="admin", is_active=True)
+
+    async def override_get_db():
+        yield _FakeStatsSession()
+
+    app.dependency_overrides.update(
+        {
+            __import__("app.core.security", fromlist=["get_current_user"]).get_current_user: override_get_current_user,
+            get_db: override_get_db,
+        }
+    )
+    try:
+        with patch("app.api.v1.dashboard.cache.get", return_value=None):
+            with patch("app.api.v1.dashboard.cache.set", return_value=True):
                 transport = ASGITransport(app=app)
                 async with AsyncClient(transport=transport, base_url="http://test") as client:
                     response = await client.get(
@@ -85,6 +119,8 @@ async def test_dashboard_stats_with_auth(auth_headers):
                 assert response.status_code == 200
                 data = response.json()
                 assert "total_datasources" in data
+    finally:
+        app.dependency_overrides.clear()
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio

backend/tests/test_bgp.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 """Tests for BGP observability helpers."""
 
 from datetime import UTC, datetime, timedelta
+from types import SimpleNamespace
 
 import pytest
 from httpx import ASGITransport, AsyncClient
@@ -54,11 +55,34 @@ class _FakeResult:
     def scalars(self):
         return _FakeScalarResult(self._rows)
 
+    def all(self):
+        if self._rows and all(isinstance(row, BGPObservation) for row in self._rows):
+            return [
+                (row.prefix, row.origin_asn, row.collector, row.collector_geo)
+                for row in self._rows
+            ]
+        return self._rows
+
+    def scalar(self):
+        if not self._rows:
+            return 0
+        first = self._rows[0]
+        if isinstance(first, (int, float, str)):
+            return first
+        if isinstance(first, tuple) and len(first) == 1:
+            return first[0]
+        return len(self._rows)
+
     def fetchall(self):
         return self._rows
 
     def fetchone(self):
-        return self._rows[0] if self._rows else None
+        if not self._rows:
+            return None
+        first = self._rows[0]
+        if isinstance(first, CollectedData):
+            return {"extra_data": first.extra_data}
+        return first
 
 
 class _FakeAsyncSession:
@@ -988,7 +1012,7 @@ async def test_infer_related_infrastructure_links_nearby_cables():
         data_type="cable",
         extra_data={"cable_id": 20},
     )
-    db = _FakeAsyncSession([[landing], [relation], [cable]])
+    db = _FakeAsyncSession([[landing, relation, cable]])
 
     result = await infer_related_infrastructure(
         db,
@@ -1012,27 +1036,37 @@ async def test_infer_related_infrastructure_links_nearby_cables():
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_build_bgp_collector_coverage_summarizes_observations():
     now = datetime.now(UTC)
-    obs_one = BGPObservation(
-        source="ris_live_bgp",
+    aggregate = SimpleNamespace(
+        collector="rrc00",
+        observation_count=2,
+        prefix_count=2,
+        origin_asn_count=2,
+        peer_asn_count=2,
+        recent_15m_observation_count=2,
+        recent_24h_observation_count=2,
+        recent_7d_observation_count=2,
+        recent_15m_prefix_count=2,
+        recent_24h_prefix_count=2,
+        recent_7d_prefix_count=2,
+        latest_observed_at=now + timedelta(minutes=5),
+    )
+    latest = SimpleNamespace(
+        collector="rrc00",
+        latest_event_type="withdrawal",
+        country="Netherlands",
+        city="Amsterdam",
+    )
+    top_event = SimpleNamespace(
         collector="rrc00",
-        prefix="203.0.113.0/24",
-        origin_asn=64496,
-        peer_asn=3333,
         event_type="announcement",
-        observed_at=now,
-        collector_geo={"city": "Amsterdam", "country": "Netherlands"},
+        count=1,
     )
-    obs_two = BGPObservation(
-        source="ris_live_bgp",
+    scope = SimpleNamespace(
         collector="rrc00",
-        prefix="198.51.100.0/24",
-        origin_asn=64497,
-        peer_asn=3334,
-        event_type="withdrawal",
-        observed_at=now + timedelta(minutes=5),
-        collector_geo={"city": "Amsterdam", "country": "Netherlands"},
+        country="Netherlands",
+        city="Amsterdam",
     )
-    db = _FakeAsyncSession([[obs_one, obs_two]])
+    db = _FakeAsyncSession([[aggregate], [latest], [top_event], [scope]])
 
     coverage = await build_bgp_collector_coverage(db, source_filter=BGP_SOURCES)
 
@@ -1363,18 +1397,39 @@ async def test_bgp_event_summary_api_returns_aggregates():
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_bgp_collectors_api_returns_coverage():
     now = datetime.now(UTC)
-    observation = BGPObservation(
-        id=1,
-        source="ris_live_bgp",
+    aggregate = SimpleNamespace(
         collector="rrc00",
-        peer_asn=3333,
-        prefix="203.0.113.0/24",
-        event_type="announcement",
-        origin_asn=64496,
-        observed_at=now,
-        collector_geo={"city": "Amsterdam", "country": "Netherlands"},
+        observation_count=1,
+        prefix_count=1,
+        origin_asn_count=1,
+        peer_asn_count=1,
+        recent_15m_observation_count=1,
+        recent_24h_observation_count=1,
+        recent_7d_observation_count=1,
+        recent_15m_prefix_count=1,
+        recent_24h_prefix_count=1,
+        recent_7d_prefix_count=1,
+        latest_observed_at=now,
+    )
+    latest = SimpleNamespace(
+        collector="rrc00",
+        latest_event_type="announcement",
+        country="Netherlands",
+        city="Amsterdam",
+    )
+    top_event = SimpleNamespace(
+        collector="rrc00",
+        event_type="announcement",
+        count=1,
+    )
+    scope = SimpleNamespace(
+        collector="rrc00",
+        country="Netherlands",
+        city="Amsterdam",
+    )
+    db = _FakeAsyncSession(
+        [[aggregate], [latest], [top_event], [scope], [aggregate], [latest], [top_event], [scope]]
     )
-    db = _FakeAsyncSession([[observation], [observation]])
     client = await _bgp_test_client(db)
 
     try:

backend/tests/test_bgp_collector_locations.py

@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+"""Tests for the BGP collector + event location services."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from unittest.mock import AsyncMock
+
+import pytest
+
+from app.api.v1 import bgp as bgp_api
+from app.services import bgp_collector_locations
+from app.services.location.llm_fallback import LocationLLMFallbackResult
+from app.services.bgp_collector_locations import (
+    RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS,
+    collect_bgp_collector_location_candidates,
+    iter_known_collector_names,
+    resolve_bgp_collector_location,
+)
+from app.services.bgp_event_locations import (
+    resolve_bgp_event_geo_dict,
+    resolve_bgp_event_location,
+)
+
+
+def test_legacy_dict_view_preserves_backward_compatible_keys():
+    rrc00 = RIPE_RIS_COLLECTOR_COORDS["rrc00"]
+    assert rrc00["city"] == "Amsterdam"
+    assert rrc00["country"] == "Netherlands"
+    assert rrc00["latitude"] == pytest.approx(52.3676)
+    assert rrc00["longitude"] == pytest.approx(4.9041)
+    # New richer fields layered on top.
+    assert rrc00["precision"] == "city"
+    assert rrc00["source"] == "legacy_seed"
+    assert rrc00["needs_confirmation"] is True
+
+
+def test_every_legacy_collector_present():
+    expected = {
+        "rrc00", "rrc01", "rrc03", "rrc04", "rrc05", "rrc06", "rrc07",
+        "rrc10", "rrc11", "rrc12", "rrc13", "rrc14", "rrc15", "rrc16",
+        "rrc18", "rrc19", "rrc20", "rrc21", "rrc22", "rrc23", "rrc24",
+        "rrc25", "rrc26",
+    }
+    assert set(iter_known_collector_names()) == expected
+
+
+def test_resolve_bgp_collector_returns_stored_location():
+    result = resolve_bgp_collector_location("rrc12")
+    assert result.location is not None
+    assert result.location.city == "Frankfurt"
+    assert result.location.country == "Germany"
+    assert result.location.precision == "city"
+    assert result.location.source == "legacy_seed"
+    assert result.location.needs_confirmation is True
+
+
+def test_resolve_unknown_bgp_collector_returns_diagnostic(monkeypatch):
+    monkeypatch.setattr(bgp_collector_locations, "_geocode_online", lambda q: None)
+    result = resolve_bgp_collector_location("rrc-doesnotexist")
+    assert result.location is None
+    assert result.diagnostic is not None
+    assert result.diagnostic.failure_reason
+
+
+def test_collect_bgp_collector_candidates_uses_stored_context_without_registry(monkeypatch):
+    bgp_collector_locations._geocode_online.cache_clear()
+
+    def _fake_geocode(query):
+        assert "CIXP" in query or "Geneva" in query
+        return {
+            "lat": "46.2044",
+            "lon": "6.1432",
+            "display_name": "Geneva, Switzerland",
+            "address": {"city": "Geneva", "country": "Switzerland"},
+        }
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(bgp_collector_locations, "_geocode_online", _fake_geocode)
+    candidates, attempted = collect_bgp_collector_location_candidates(
+        collector="rrc04",
+    )
+    assert attempted, "stored context should feed online query attempts"
+    assert candidates, "online geocoding should produce at least one candidate"
+    best = candidates[0]
+    assert best.source == "nominatim_online_geocode"
+    assert best.needs_confirmation is True
+    assert all(candidate.source != "local_registry" for candidate in candidates)
+
+
+def test_collect_bgp_collector_candidates_uses_nominatim_when_registry_misses(monkeypatch):
+    bgp_collector_locations._geocode_online.cache_clear()
+
+    def _fake_geocode(query):
+        if "Lyon" not in query and "France-IX" not in query and "FR-IX" not in query:
+            return None
+        return {
+            "lat": "45.764",
+            "lon": "4.8357",
+            "display_name": "Lyon, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France",
+            "address": {"city": "Lyon", "country": "France"},
+        }
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(bgp_collector_locations, "_geocode_online", _fake_geocode)
+    candidates, attempted = collect_bgp_collector_location_candidates(
+        collector="rrc-mystery",
+        city="Lyon",
+        country="France",
+    )
+    assert attempted, "Nominatim plan should run"
+    online = [c for c in candidates if c.source == "nominatim_online_geocode"]
+    assert online, "online resolver must produce a candidate when registry misses"
+    assert online[0].needs_confirmation is True
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_collect_bgp_collector_location_uses_llm_when_candidates_empty(monkeypatch):
+    llm_candidate = bgp_collector_locations.LocationCandidate(
+        latitude=45.764,
+        longitude=4.8357,
+        display_name="Lyon, France",
+        precision="city",
+        confidence=0.74,
+        query="llm_factcheck:bgp_collector:rrc-mystery",
+        source="llm_location_factcheck",
+        source_note="LLM location factcheck fallback",
+        matched_fields=("collector",),
+        needs_confirmation=True,
+        city="Lyon",
+        country="France",
+    )
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        bgp_api,
+        "get_bgp_collector_location_dict",
+        lambda _collector: {},
+    )
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        bgp_api,
+        "collect_bgp_collector_location_candidates",
+        lambda **_kwargs: ([], ["Lyon, France"]),
+    )
+
+    from app.services.location.llm_fallback import LocationSearchEvidenceResult
+
+    async def _search_evidence(**_kwargs):
+        return LocationSearchEvidenceResult(
+            evidence=[
+                {
+                    "title": "RRC source",
+                    "url": "https://example.test/rrc",
+                    "snippet": "rrc-mystery is in Lyon.",
+                }
+            ],
+            attempted_queries=["web_search:bgp_collector:rrc-mystery Lyon France physical location route collector city"],
+        )
+
+    async def _fallback(**_kwargs):
+        return LocationLLMFallbackResult(
+            candidates=[llm_candidate],
+            attempted_queries=["llm_factcheck:bgp_collector:rrc-mystery"],
+        )
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(bgp_api, "get_ai_provider_client", AsyncMock(return_value=object()))
+    monkeypatch.setattr(bgp_api, "get_web_search_client", AsyncMock(return_value=object()))
+    monkeypatch.setattr(bgp_api, "collect_location_search_evidence", _search_evidence)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(bgp_api, "collect_llm_location_fallback_candidate", _fallback)
+
+    response = await bgp_api.collect_bgp_collector_location(
+        "rrc-mystery",
+        bgp_api.CollectBGPCollectorLocationRequest(city="Lyon", country="France"),
+        current_user=object(),
+        db=AsyncMock(),
+    )
+
+    assert response["success"] is True
+    assert response["best_candidate"]["source"] == "llm_location_factcheck"
+    assert response["best_candidate"]["needs_confirmation"] is True
+    assert response["attempted_queries"] == [
+        "Lyon, France",
+        "web_search:bgp_collector:rrc-mystery Lyon France physical location route collector city",
+        "llm_factcheck:bgp_collector:rrc-mystery",
+    ]
+
+
+# ── BGP event resolver ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+def test_event_resolver_inherits_from_owning_collector():
+    geo = resolve_bgp_event_geo_dict("rrc25")
+    assert geo["city"] == "Amsterdam"
+    assert geo["country"] == "Netherlands"
+    assert geo["source"] == "inherited_from_collector"
+    assert geo["precision"] == "city"
+
+
+def test_event_resolver_does_not_match_unrelated_collectors():
+    """Regression: passing operator=RIPE NCC must NOT make every collector match."""
+    rrc12 = resolve_bgp_event_geo_dict("rrc12")
+    rrc25 = resolve_bgp_event_geo_dict("rrc25")
+    assert rrc12["city"] == "Frankfurt"
+    assert rrc25["city"] == "Amsterdam"
+    assert rrc12["latitude"] != rrc25["latitude"]
+
+
+def test_event_resolver_uses_source_coordinates_when_present():
+    geo = resolve_bgp_event_geo_dict(
+        "rrc12",
+        source_latitude=12.34,
+        source_longitude=56.78,
+    )
+    assert geo["latitude"] == pytest.approx(12.34)
+    assert geo["longitude"] == pytest.approx(56.78)
+    assert geo["precision"] == "precise"
+    assert geo["source"] == "source_coordinates"
+
+
+def test_event_resolver_returns_empty_for_unknown_collector_without_source_coords():
+    geo = resolve_bgp_event_geo_dict("rrc-doesnotexist")
+    assert geo == {}
+
+
+def test_event_resolver_full_result_carries_diagnostic_on_miss():
+    result = resolve_bgp_event_location(collector="rrc-doesnotexist")
+    assert result.location is None
+    assert result.diagnostic is not None

backend/tests/test_datasources_batch.py

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+
+import pytest
+
+from app.api.v1 import datasources as datasources_api
+from app.models.datasource import DataSource
+
+
+def make_datasource(
+    datasource_id: int,
+    source: str,
+    *,
+    name: str | None = None,
+    module: str = "L4",
+    is_active: bool = True,
+    last_status: str | None = None,
+    last_run_at: datetime | None = None,
+    frequency_minutes: int = 60,
+) -> DataSource:
+    return DataSource(
+        id=datasource_id,
+        name=name or source,
+        source=source,
+        module=module,
+        priority="P1",
+        frequency_minutes=frequency_minutes,
+        collector_class=source,
+        is_active=is_active,
+        last_status=last_status,
+        last_run_at=last_run_at,
+    )
+
+
+def test_datasource_product_key_groups_domain_specific_sources():
+    assert datasources_api.datasource_product_key(make_datasource(1, "aisstream_vessels")) == "vessels"
+    assert datasources_api.datasource_product_key(make_datasource(2, "telegeography_cables")) == "cables"
+    assert datasources_api.datasource_product_key(make_datasource(3, "celestrak_tle")) == "satellites"
+    assert datasources_api.datasource_product_key(make_datasource(4, "ris_live_bgp")) == "bgp"
+
+
+def test_filter_datasources_by_product_status_and_collected_state():
+    vessels = make_datasource(1, "aisstream_vessels", last_status="success")
+    cables = make_datasource(2, "telegeography_cables", last_status="failed")
+    filtered = datasources_api._filter_datasources_in_memory(
+        [vessels, cables],
+        running_tasks={},
+        record_counts={"aisstream_vessels": 12, "telegeography_cables": 0},
+        product="vessels",
+        run_status="success",
+        collected=True,
+    )
+
+    assert filtered == [vessels]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_trigger_datasource_batch_skips_disabled_and_frequency_window(monkeypatch):
+    now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+    disabled = make_datasource(1, "aisstream_vessels", is_active=False)
+    not_due = make_datasource(2, "telegeography_cables", last_run_at=now, frequency_minutes=120)
+    due = make_datasource(3, "ris_live_bgp", last_run_at=now - timedelta(hours=2))
+    triggered_sources: list[str] = []
+
+    async def fake_running_tasks(_db, _ids):
+        return {}
+
+    async def fake_latest_task_ids(_db, _ids):
+        return {}
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(datasources_api, "_load_latest_running_tasks", fake_running_tasks)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(datasources_api, "_load_latest_task_ids", fake_latest_task_ids)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        datasources_api,
+        "run_collector_now",
+        lambda source: triggered_sources.append(source) or True,
+    )
+
+    result = await datasources_api._trigger_datasource_batch(
+        object(),
+        [disabled, not_due, due],
+        force=False,
+    )
+
+    assert [item["source"] for item in result["triggered"]] == ["ris_live_bgp"]
+    assert {item["reason"] for item in result["skipped"]} == {"disabled", "within_frequency_window"}
+    assert triggered_sources == ["ris_live_bgp"]

backend/tests/test_docs_gatekeeper.py

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+"""Docs Gatekeeper API tests."""
+
+import pytest
+from httpx import ASGITransport, AsyncClient
+
+from app.api.v1 import docs as docs_api
+from app.main import app
+from app.models.user import User
+
+
+def make_user(role: str = "viewer", groups: list[str] | None = None) -> User:
+    user = User(
+        id=1,
+        username="docs-user",
+        email="docs@example.com",
+        password_hash="x",
+        role=role,
+        is_active=True,
+    )
+    user.gatekeeper_groups = groups or []
+    return user
+
+
+async def get_json(path: str, user: User | None = None):
+    if user is not None:
+        async def override_user():
+            return user
+
+        app.dependency_overrides[docs_api.get_optional_current_user] = override_user
+
+    transport = ASGITransport(app=app)
+    try:
+        async with AsyncClient(transport=transport, base_url="http://test") as client:
+            return await client.get(path)
+    finally:
+        app.dependency_overrides.clear()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_public_catalog_only_for_anonymous_user():
+    response = await get_json("/api/v1/docs/catalog")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    items = response.json()["items"]
+    assert {item["access"] for item in items} == {"public"}
+    assert {item["slug"] for item in items if item["lang"] == "zh"} == {
+        "overview",
+        "quickstart",
+        "manual",
+        "faq",
+        "location-pipeline-user",
+    }
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_anonymous_can_read_public_doc():
+    response = await get_json("/api/v1/docs/zh/quickstart")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response.json()["access"] == "public"
+    assert "快速开始" in response.json()["markdown"]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_anonymous_protected_doc_requires_authentication():
+    response = await get_json("/api/v1/docs/zh/backend-collectors")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 401
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_viewer_without_group_cannot_read_developer_doc():
+    response = await get_json(
+        "/api/v1/docs/zh/backend-collectors",
+        make_user(role="viewer"),
+    )
+
+    assert response.status_code == 403
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_developer_group_can_read_developer_but_not_admin_doc():
+    user = make_user(role="viewer", groups=["docs_developer"])
+
+    developer_response = await get_json("/api/v1/docs/zh/backend-collectors", user)
+    admin_response = await get_json("/api/v1/docs/zh/backend-system-service-control", user)
+
+    assert developer_response.status_code == 200
+    assert developer_response.json()["access"] == "docs_developer"
+    assert admin_response.status_code == 403
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_admin_and_super_admin_can_read_admin_docs():
+    admin_response = await get_json(
+        "/api/v1/docs/zh/backend-system-service-control",
+        make_user(role="admin"),
+    )
+    super_admin_response = await get_json(
+        "/api/v1/docs/zh/backend-system-service-control",
+        make_user(role="super_admin"),
+    )
+
+    assert admin_response.status_code == 200
+    assert super_admin_response.status_code == 200
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_unknown_language_slug_and_path_traversal_do_not_read_files():
+    bad_lang = await get_json("/api/v1/docs/fr/quickstart")
+    bad_slug = await get_json("/api/v1/docs/zh/not-a-doc")
+    traversal = await get_json("/api/v1/docs/zh/..%2Fmanual")
+
+    assert bad_lang.status_code == 404
+    assert bad_slug.status_code == 404
+    assert traversal.status_code == 404

backend/tests/test_layers.py

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+from fastapi import HTTPException
+import pytest
+
+from app.api.v1 import layers
+
+
+def test_layer_guard_requires_bbox():
+    try:
+        layers._parse_layer_bbox("")
+    except HTTPException as exc:
+        assert exc.status_code == 400
+    else:
+        raise AssertionError("Expected missing bbox to fail")
+
+
+def test_layer_guard_filters_bbox_and_clamps_low_zoom_limit():
+    geojson = {
+        "type": "FeatureCollection",
+        "features": [
+            {
+                "type": "Feature",
+                "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [121.0, 31.0]},
+                "properties": {"id": "inside"},
+            },
+            {
+                "type": "Feature",
+                "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [10.0, 10.0]},
+                "properties": {"id": "outside"},
+            },
+        ],
+    }
+
+    result = layers._guard_geojson_layer(
+        geojson,
+        bbox=(120.0, 30.0, 122.0, 32.0),
+        zoom=2,
+        limit=6000,
+    )
+
+    assert result["returned_count"] == 1
+    assert result["visible_count"] == 1
+    assert result["features"][0]["properties"]["id"] == "inside"
+    assert result["diagnostics"]["limit"] == layers.LOW_ZOOM_FEATURE_LIMIT
+    assert result["diagnostics"]["limit_clamped"] is True
+    assert result["diagnostics"]["degraded"] is True
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_vessel_layer_snapshot_passes_type_filter(monkeypatch):
+    captured = {}
+
+    async def fake_build_vessel_snapshot_response(db, **kwargs):
+        captured.update(kwargs)
+        return {"type": "FeatureCollection", "features": []}
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(layers, "build_vessel_snapshot_response", fake_build_vessel_snapshot_response)
+
+    result = await layers.get_vessel_layer_snapshot(
+        bbox="10,59,11,60",
+        zoom=12,
+        limit=1000,
+        vessel_type="cargo",
+        since_minutes=30,
+        db=object(),
+    )
+
+    assert result["features"] == []
+    assert captured["bbox"] == (10.0, 59.0, 11.0, 60.0)
+    assert captured["type_filter"] == "cargo"
+    assert "vessel_type" not in captured

backend/tests/test_location_pipeline.py

@@ -0,0 +1,957 @@
+"""Tests for the shared location resolution pipeline.
+
+Validates the abstraction itself: the protocol contract, the orchestrator,
+each built-in resolver, and the pluggability promise (a custom resolver can
+be slotted in without touching consumers).
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest
+
+from app.services.location import (
+    InheritFromAnotherEntityResolver,
+    LocationCandidate,
+    LocationPipeline,
+    LocationQuery,
+    NominatimResolver,
+    RegistryResolver,
+    ResolverOutput,
+    SourceCoordinatesResolver,
+)
+from app.schemas.ai import SituationalAnalysisResponse
+import app.services.location.llm_fallback as llm_fallback
+from app.services.location.llm_fallback import collect_llm_location_fallback_candidate
+
+
+# ── Test fixtures ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def tmp_registry(tmp_path: Path) -> Path:
+    payload = {
+        "locations": [
+            {
+                "canonical_name": "Test Site Alpha",
+                "aliases": ["alpha", "alpha-one", "Acme HQ"],
+                "operator": "Acme Networks",
+                "site": "Acme HQ",
+                "city": "Lyon",
+                "country": "France",
+                "latitude": 45.764,
+                "longitude": 4.8357,
+                "precision": "site",
+                "confidence": 0.92,
+                "source_note": "Test fixture",
+                "verified_at": "2026-05-08",
+            },
+            {
+                "canonical_name": "Test Site Bravo",
+                "aliases": ["bravo"],
+                "operator": "Acme Networks",
+                "site": "Bravo POP",
+                "city": "Berlin",
+                "country": "Germany",
+                "latitude": 52.52,
+                "longitude": 13.405,
+                "precision": "city",
+                "confidence": 0.85,
+            },
+        ],
+        "city_fallbacks": [
+            {
+                "city": "Bhutan-Capital",
+                "country": "Bhutan",
+                "latitude": 27.4728,
+                "longitude": 89.639,
+                "precision": "city",
+                "confidence": 0.5,
+            }
+        ],
+    }
+    path = tmp_path / "registry.json"
+    path.write_text(json.dumps(payload), encoding="utf-8")
+    return path
+
+
+# ── SourceCoordinatesResolver ────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+def test_source_coordinates_resolver_passes_through_valid_coordinates():
+    resolver = SourceCoordinatesResolver()
+    query = LocationQuery(
+        name="Acme HQ",
+        source_latitude=45.0,
+        source_longitude=4.0,
+        country="France",
+    )
+    output = resolver.resolve(query)
+    assert len(output.candidates) == 1
+    candidate = output.candidates[0]
+    assert candidate.latitude == 45.0
+    assert candidate.longitude == 4.0
+    assert candidate.precision == "precise"
+    assert candidate.source == "source_coordinates"
+    assert candidate.needs_confirmation is False
+
+
+def test_source_coordinates_resolver_skips_zero_coordinates():
+    resolver = SourceCoordinatesResolver()
+    output = resolver.resolve(
+        LocationQuery(name="X", source_latitude=0.0, source_longitude=0.0)
+    )
+    assert output.candidates == ()
+
+
+def test_source_coordinates_resolver_skips_when_missing():
+    resolver = SourceCoordinatesResolver()
+    output = resolver.resolve(LocationQuery(name="X"))
+    assert output.candidates == ()
+
+
+# ── RegistryResolver ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+def test_registry_resolver_matches_alias(tmp_registry):
+    resolver = RegistryResolver(registry_path=tmp_registry)
+    resolver.reload()
+    output = resolver.resolve(
+        LocationQuery(name="alpha", country="France")
+    )
+    candidates = list(output.candidates)
+    assert candidates, "should match registry entry"
+    assert any(c.matched_location_name == "Test Site Alpha" for c in candidates)
+    alpha = next(c for c in candidates if c.matched_location_name == "Test Site Alpha")
+    assert alpha.precision == "site"
+    assert alpha.confidence == pytest.approx(0.92)
+    assert alpha.needs_confirmation is True
+    assert alpha.location_verified_at is None
+
+
+def test_registry_resolver_filters_country_mismatch(tmp_registry):
+    resolver = RegistryResolver(registry_path=tmp_registry)
+    resolver.reload()
+    # alpha is in France; query says Spain → should reject
+    output = resolver.resolve(
+        LocationQuery(name="alpha", country="Spain")
+    )
+    assert all(
+        c.matched_location_name != "Test Site Alpha" for c in output.candidates
+    )
+
+
+def test_registry_resolver_emits_city_fallback_candidate(tmp_registry):
+    resolver = RegistryResolver(registry_path=tmp_registry)
+    resolver.reload()
+    output = resolver.resolve(
+        LocationQuery(city="Bhutan-Capital", country="Bhutan")
+    )
+    candidates = list(output.candidates)
+    assert candidates, "city fallback should fire"
+    assert any(c.source == "local_registry_city" for c in candidates)
+
+
+# ── NominatimResolver ───────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+def test_nominatim_resolver_calls_geocoder_with_plan_queries():
+    calls = []
+
+    def fake_geocoder(query: str):
+        calls.append(query)
+        return {
+            "lat": "12.34",
+            "lon": "56.78",
+            "display_name": "Test City, Country",
+            "address": {"city": "Test City", "country": "Country"},
+        }
+
+    def plan(query: LocationQuery):
+        return [
+            ("primary query", ("name",)),
+            ("secondary query", ("city",)),
+        ]
+
+    resolver = NominatimResolver(
+        query_plan_builder=plan,
+        geocoder=fake_geocoder,
+    )
+    output = resolver.resolve(LocationQuery(name="X", country="Country"))
+    assert calls == ["primary query", "secondary query"]
+    assert output.attempted_queries == ("primary query", "secondary query")
+    assert len(output.candidates) == 2
+    assert all(c.precision == "city" for c in output.candidates)
+    assert all(c.needs_confirmation for c in output.candidates)
+
+
+def test_nominatim_resolver_skips_when_geocoder_returns_none():
+    resolver = NominatimResolver(
+        query_plan_builder=lambda q: [("only", ("name",))],
+        geocoder=lambda q: None,
+    )
+    output = resolver.resolve(LocationQuery(name="X"))
+    assert output.candidates == ()
+    assert output.attempted_queries == ("only",)
+
+
+def test_nominatim_resolver_swallows_exceptions_per_query():
+    def boom(query):
+        raise RuntimeError("network down")
+
+    resolver = NominatimResolver(
+        query_plan_builder=lambda q: [("a", ()), ("b", ())],
+        geocoder=boom,
+    )
+    output = resolver.resolve(LocationQuery(name="X"))
+    assert output.candidates == ()
+    assert output.attempted_queries == ("a", "b")
+
+
+# ── InheritFromAnotherEntityResolver ────────────────────────────────
+
+
+def test_inherit_resolver_returns_provided_candidate():
+    sentinel = LocationCandidate(
+        latitude=10.0,
+        longitude=20.0,
+        display_name="Inherited",
+        precision="city",
+        confidence=0.7,
+        query="inherit::test",
+        source="inherited",
+        source_note=None,
+        matched_fields=("collector",),
+        needs_confirmation=False,
+    )
+    resolver = InheritFromAnotherEntityResolver(
+        source_lookup=lambda q: sentinel
+    )
+    output = resolver.resolve(LocationQuery(name="X"))
+    assert output.candidates == (sentinel,)
+
+
+def test_inherit_resolver_skips_when_lookup_returns_none():
+    resolver = InheritFromAnotherEntityResolver(source_lookup=lambda q: None)
+    assert resolver.resolve(LocationQuery(name="X")).candidates == ()
+
+
+# ── LocationPipeline orchestration ──────────────────────────────────
+
+
+def test_pipeline_aggregates_candidates_across_resolvers(tmp_registry):
+    pipeline = LocationPipeline(
+        [
+            SourceCoordinatesResolver(),
+            RegistryResolver(registry_path=tmp_registry),
+            NominatimResolver(
+                query_plan_builder=lambda q: [("nominatim attempt", ("name",))],
+                geocoder=lambda q: {
+                    "lat": "1.0",
+                    "lon": "2.0",
+                    "display_name": "Online City",
+                    "address": {"city": "Online City", "country": "France"},
+                },
+            ),
+        ]
+    )
+    pipeline.resolvers[1].reload()
+    candidates, attempted = pipeline.collect_candidates(
+        LocationQuery(
+            name="alpha",
+            country="France",
+            source_latitude=44.0,
+            source_longitude=5.0,
+        )
+    )
+    sources = {c.source for c in candidates}
+    assert "source_coordinates" in sources
+    assert "local_registry" in sources
+    assert "nominatim_online_geocode" in sources
+    assert "nominatim attempt" in attempted
+
+
+def test_pipeline_dedupes_by_source_and_coordinates():
+    same = LocationCandidate(
+        latitude=1.0,
+        longitude=2.0,
+        display_name="dup",
+        precision="city",
+        confidence=0.5,
+        query="x",
+        source="dup_source",
+        source_note=None,
+        matched_fields=(),
+        needs_confirmation=False,
+    )
+
+    class _DupResolver:
+        name = "dup_source"
+
+        def resolve(self, query):
+            return ResolverOutput(candidates=(same, same))
+
+    pipeline = LocationPipeline([_DupResolver()])
+    candidates, _ = pipeline.collect_candidates(LocationQuery(name="X"))
+    assert len(candidates) == 1
+
+
+def test_registry_short_aliases_do_not_match_inside_larger_tokens(tmp_path: Path):
+    registry_path = tmp_path / "registry.json"
+    registry_path.write_text(
+        json.dumps(
+            {
+                "locations": [
+                    {
+                        "canonical_name": "Aurora",
+                        "aliases": ["Aurora", "ANL"],
+                        "site": "DOE/SC/Argonne National Laboratory",
+                        "country": "United States",
+                        "city": "Lemont",
+                        "latitude": 41.713,
+                        "longitude": -87.982,
+                        "precision": "site",
+                    },
+                    {
+                        "canonical_name": "Venado",
+                        "aliases": ["Venado"],
+                        "site": "DOE/NNSA/LANL",
+                        "country": "United States",
+                        "city": "Los Alamos",
+                        "latitude": 35.8443,
+                        "longitude": -106.2872,
+                        "precision": "site",
+                    },
+                ],
+                "city_fallbacks": [],
+            }
+        ),
+        encoding="utf-8",
+    )
+    resolver = RegistryResolver(registry_path=registry_path)
+    resolver.reload()
+
+    output = resolver.resolve(
+        LocationQuery(
+            name="Venado",
+            country="United States",
+            extra={"site": "DOE/NNSA/LANL"},
+        )
+    )
+
+    assert len(output.candidates) == 1
+    assert output.candidates[0].matched_location_name == "Venado"
+
+
+def test_pipeline_resolve_best_returns_highest_priority():
+    online = LocationCandidate(
+        latitude=10.0,
+        longitude=20.0,
+        display_name="online",
+        precision="city",
+        confidence=0.9,
+        query="x",
+        source="nominatim_online_geocode",
+        source_note=None,
+        matched_fields=(),
+        needs_confirmation=True,
+    )
+    source = LocationCandidate(
+        latitude=11.0,
+        longitude=21.0,
+        display_name="src",
+        precision="precise",
+        confidence=1.0,
+        query="x",
+        source="source_coordinates",
+        source_note=None,
+        matched_fields=(),
+        needs_confirmation=False,
+    )
+
+    class _StubResolver:
+        def __init__(self, c, name):
+            self._c = c
+            self.name = name
+
+        def resolve(self, query):
+            return ResolverOutput(candidates=(self._c,))
+
+    pipeline = LocationPipeline(
+        [
+            _StubResolver(online, "online"),
+            _StubResolver(source, "src"),
+        ]
+    )
+    result = pipeline.resolve_best(LocationQuery(name="X"))
+    assert result.location is source, "source_coordinates should beat nominatim"
+
+
+def test_pipeline_returns_diagnostic_when_nothing_resolves():
+    pipeline = LocationPipeline([SourceCoordinatesResolver()])
+    result = pipeline.resolve_best(LocationQuery(name="X", country="Bhutan"))
+    assert result.location is None
+    assert result.diagnostic is not None
+    assert result.diagnostic.country == "Bhutan"
+
+
+def test_pluggability_custom_resolver_works_without_changing_pipeline():
+    """Validates the abstraction promise: a new algorithm = a new class."""
+
+    class _PeeringDBStubResolver:
+        name = "fake_peeringdb"
+
+        def resolve(self, query):
+            asn = (query.extra or {}).get("asn")
+            if asn != 174:
+                return ResolverOutput()
+            return ResolverOutput(
+                candidates=(
+                    LocationCandidate(
+                        latitude=1.0,
+                        longitude=2.0,
+                        display_name="Cogent HQ",
+                        precision="site",
+                        confidence=0.8,
+                        query=f"peeringdb::{asn}",
+                        source="peeringdb_stub",
+                        source_note="Stub for testing",
+                        matched_fields=("asn",),
+                        needs_confirmation=False,
+                    ),
+                )
+            )
+
+    pipeline = LocationPipeline([_PeeringDBStubResolver()])
+    candidates, _ = pipeline.collect_candidates(
+        LocationQuery(name="X", extra={"asn": 174})
+    )
+    assert len(candidates) == 1
+    assert candidates[0].source == "peeringdb_stub"
+
+
+# ── LLM fallback helper ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+class _FakeAIProviderClient:
+    def __init__(self, content: str | list[str]):
+        self.contents = content if isinstance(content, list) else [content]
+        self.calls = 0
+
+    async def analyze(self, payload, request_id=None):
+        self.calls += 1
+        content = self.contents[min(self.calls - 1, len(self.contents) - 1)]
+        return SituationalAnalysisResponse(
+            provider="test",
+            model="test-model",
+            content=content,
+            raw_response={},
+        )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_llm_location_fallback_returns_candidate_from_strict_json():
+    client = _FakeAIProviderClient(
+        json.dumps(
+            {
+                "latitude": 45.764,
+                "longitude": 4.8357,
+                "precision": "city",
+                "confidence": 0.74,
+                "city": "Lyon",
+                "region": "Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes",
+                "country": "France",
+                "matched_location_name": "Lyon, France",
+                "evidence": ["operator and city point to Lyon"],
+                "reasoning_summary": "Best supported city-level match.",
+            }
+        )
+    )
+
+    result = await collect_llm_location_fallback_candidate(
+        provider_client=client,
+        query=LocationQuery(
+            name="Mystery GPU Cluster",
+            city="Lyon",
+            country="France",
+            extra={"operator": "Mystery Operator"},
+        ),
+        entity_type="compute_center",
+        attempted_queries=("Mystery Operator, Lyon, France",),
+    )
+
+    assert client.calls == 1
+    assert result.failure_reason is None
+    assert result.attempted_queries == ["llm_factcheck:compute_center:Mystery GPU Cluster"]
+    candidate = result.candidates[0]
+    assert candidate.source == "llm_location_factcheck"
+    assert candidate.needs_confirmation is True
+    assert candidate.precision == "city"
+    assert candidate.city == "Lyon"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_llm_location_fallback_accepts_common_precision_aliases():
+    client = _FakeAIProviderClient(
+        json.dumps(
+            {
+                "candidate": {
+                    "latitude": 43.2389,
+                    "longitude": 76.8897,
+                    "precision": "city-level",
+                    "confidence": "0.68",
+                    "city": "Almaty",
+                    "country": "Kazakhstan",
+                    "matched_location_name": "Almaty, Kazakhstan",
+                    "evidence": ["NITEC context points to Almaty"],
+                    "reasoning_summary": "City-level fallback.",
+                }
+            }
+        )
+    )
+
+    result = await collect_llm_location_fallback_candidate(
+        provider_client=client,
+        query=LocationQuery(name="Alem.Cloud", country="Kazakhstan"),
+        entity_type="compute_center",
+    )
+
+    assert result.failure_reason is None
+    assert result.candidates[0].precision == "city"
+    assert result.candidates[0].confidence >= 0.55
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_llm_location_fallback_accepts_lat_lng_aliases():
+    client = _FakeAIProviderClient(
+        json.dumps(
+            {
+                "lat": 51.1694,
+                "lng": 71.4491,
+                "precision": "city",
+                "confidence": 0.62,
+                "city": "Astana",
+                "country": "Kazakhstan",
+                "matched_location_name": "Astana, Kazakhstan",
+                "evidence": [
+                    {
+                        "source": "Official source",
+                        "source_type": "official",
+                        "entity_match": True,
+                        "text": "Alem.Cloud is in Astana.",
+                    }
+                ],
+            }
+        )
+    )
+
+    result = await collect_llm_location_fallback_candidate(
+        provider_client=client,
+        query=LocationQuery(name="Alem.Cloud", country="Kazakhstan"),
+        entity_type="compute_center",
+    )
+
+    assert result.failure_reason is None
+    assert result.candidates[0].latitude == pytest.approx(51.1694)
+    assert result.candidates[0].longitude == pytest.approx(71.4491)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_llm_location_fallback_geocodes_city_when_coordinates_missing(monkeypatch):
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        llm_fallback,
+        "_geocode_llm_city",
+        lambda query: {
+            "lat": "51.1694",
+            "lon": "71.4491",
+            "display_name": "Astana, Kazakhstan",
+            "address": {"city": "Astana", "country": "Kazakhstan"},
+        },
+    )
+    client = _FakeAIProviderClient(
+        json.dumps(
+            {
+                "precision": "city",
+                "confidence": 0.62,
+                "city": "Astana",
+                "country": "Kazakhstan",
+                "matched_location_name": "Astana, Kazakhstan",
+                "evidence": [
+                    {
+                        "source": "Official source",
+                        "source_type": "official",
+                        "entity_match": True,
+                        "text": "Alem.Cloud is in Astana.",
+                    }
+                ],
+            }
+        )
+    )
+
+    result = await collect_llm_location_fallback_candidate(
+        provider_client=client,
+        query=LocationQuery(name="Alem.Cloud", country="Kazakhstan"),
+        entity_type="compute_center",
+    )
+
+    assert result.failure_reason is None
+    candidate = result.candidates[0]
+    assert candidate.latitude == pytest.approx(51.1694)
+    assert candidate.longitude == pytest.approx(71.4491)
+    assert "Nominatim city fallback" in candidate.source_note
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_llm_location_fallback_geocodes_matched_location_without_city(monkeypatch):
+    def _fake_geocode(query):
+        if "Falun" not in query:
+            return None
+        return {
+            "lat": "60.6065",
+            "lon": "15.6355",
+            "display_name": "Falun, Dalarna County, Sweden",
+            "address": {"city": "Falun", "state": "Dalarna County", "country": "Sweden"},
+        }
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(llm_fallback, "_geocode_llm_city", _fake_geocode)
+    client = _FakeAIProviderClient(
+        json.dumps(
+            {
+                "precision": "city",
+                "confidence": 0.64,
+                "country": "Sweden",
+                "matched_location_name": "Falun, Sweden",
+                "evidence": [
+                    {
+                        "source": "Credible public source",
+                        "source_type": "news",
+                        "entity_match": True,
+                        "text": "DeepL Mercury supercomputer is located in Falun.",
+                    }
+                ],
+            }
+        )
+    )
+
+    result = await collect_llm_location_fallback_candidate(
+        provider_client=client,
+        query=LocationQuery(name="DeepL Mercury", country="Sweden"),
+        entity_type="compute_center",
+    )
+
+    assert result.failure_reason is None
+    candidate = result.candidates[0]
+    assert candidate.city == "Falun"
+    assert candidate.country == "瑞典"
+    assert candidate.latitude == pytest.approx(60.6065)
+    assert candidate.longitude == pytest.approx(15.6355)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_llm_location_fallback_repairs_non_json_answer(monkeypatch):
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        llm_fallback,
+        "_geocode_llm_city",
+        lambda query: {
+            "lat": "25.033",
+            "lon": "121.5654",
+            "display_name": "Taipei, Taiwan",
+            "address": {"city": "Taipei", "country": "Taiwan"},
+        },
+    )
+    client = _FakeAIProviderClient(
+        [
+            "TAIPEI-1 appears to be located in Taipei, Taiwan, based on NVIDIA context.",
+            json.dumps(
+                {
+                    "latitude": None,
+                    "longitude": None,
+                    "precision": "city",
+                    "confidence": 0.62,
+                    "city": "Taipei",
+                    "country": "Taiwan",
+                    "matched_location_name": "Taipei, Taiwan",
+                    "evidence": [
+                        {
+                            "source": "NVIDIA context",
+                            "source_type": "generic",
+                            "entity_match": True,
+                            "text": "TAIPEI-1 appears to be located in Taipei.",
+                        }
+                    ],
+                    "reasoning_summary": "City-level location extracted from prose.",
+                }
+            ),
+        ]
+    )
+
+    result = await collect_llm_location_fallback_candidate(
+        provider_client=client,
+        query=LocationQuery(name="TAIPEI-1", country="Taiwan"),
+        entity_type="compute_center",
+    )
+
+    assert client.calls == 2
+    assert result.failure_reason is None
+    assert result.candidates[0].city == "Taipei"
+    assert result.candidates[0].source == "llm_location_factcheck"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_llm_location_fallback_accepts_taipei_name_hint_with_weak_wording(monkeypatch):
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        llm_fallback,
+        "_geocode_llm_city",
+        lambda query: {
+            "lat": "25.033",
+            "lon": "121.5654",
+            "display_name": "Taipei, Taiwan",
+            "address": {"city": "Taipei", "country": "Taiwan"},
+        },
+    )
+    client = _FakeAIProviderClient(
+        json.dumps(
+            {
+                "latitude": None,
+                "longitude": None,
+                "precision": "city",
+                "confidence": 0.43,
+                "city": "Taipei",
+                "country": "Taiwan",
+                "matched_location_name": "Taipei, Taiwan",
+                "evidence": [
+                    {
+                        "source": "NVIDIA context",
+                        "source_type": "generic",
+                        "entity_match": True,
+                        "text": "TAIPEI-1 points to Taipei city-level placement.",
+                    }
+                ],
+                "reasoning_summary": "Weak city-level evidence, but the entity name and geography align.",
+            }
+        )
+    )
+
+    result = await collect_llm_location_fallback_candidate(
+        provider_client=client,
+        query=LocationQuery(name="TAIPEI-1", country="Taiwan"),
+        entity_type="compute_center",
+    )
+
+    assert result.failure_reason is None
+    candidate = result.candidates[0]
+    assert candidate.city == "Taipei"
+    assert candidate.confidence >= 0.55
+    breakdown = candidate.suggested_registry_entry["llm_score_breakdown"]
+    assert breakdown["weak_evidence_penalty"] <= 0.15
+    assert breakdown["conflict_penalty"] == 0
+    assert breakdown["name_location_hint"] > 0
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_llm_location_fallback_geocodes_city_from_entity_name_when_llm_unparseable(monkeypatch):
+    def _fake_geocode(query):
+        if query != "Taipei, 中国（台湾）":
+            return None
+        return {
+            "lat": "25.033",
+            "lon": "121.5654",
+            "display_name": "Taipei, Taiwan",
+            "address": {"city": "Taipei", "country": "Taiwan"},
+        }
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(llm_fallback, "_geocode_llm_city", _fake_geocode)
+    client = _FakeAIProviderClient(["not a location answer", "still not json"])
+
+    result = await collect_llm_location_fallback_candidate(
+        provider_client=client,
+        query=LocationQuery(name="TAIPEI-1", country="中国（台湾）"),
+        entity_type="compute_center",
+    )
+
+    assert client.calls == 2
+    assert result.failure_reason is None
+    candidate = result.candidates[0]
+    assert candidate.city == "Taipei"
+    assert candidate.latitude == pytest.approx(25.033)
+    assert candidate.longitude == pytest.approx(121.5654)
+    assert "Entity name city hint" in candidate.source_note
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_llm_location_fallback_extracts_city_from_non_json_when_repair_fails(monkeypatch):
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        llm_fallback,
+        "_geocode_llm_city",
+        lambda query: {
+            "lat": "60.6065",
+            "lon": "15.6355",
+            "display_name": "Falun, Sweden",
+            "address": {"city": "Falun", "country": "Sweden"},
+        },
+    )
+    client = _FakeAIProviderClient(
+        [
+            "DeepL Mercury 超級電腦位於瑞典的 法倫 (Falun)。",
+            "still not json",
+        ]
+    )
+
+    result = await collect_llm_location_fallback_candidate(
+        provider_client=client,
+        query=LocationQuery(name="DeepL Mercury", country="Sweden"),
+        entity_type="compute_center",
+    )
+
+    assert client.calls == 2
+    assert result.failure_reason is None
+    assert result.candidates[0].city == "Falun"
+    assert result.candidates[0].needs_confirmation is True
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_llm_location_fallback_combines_model_score_with_evidence_score():
+    client = _FakeAIProviderClient(
+        json.dumps(
+            {
+                "latitude": 51.1694,
+                "longitude": 71.4491,
+                "precision": "city",
+                "confidence": 0.38,
+                "city": "Astana",
+                "country": "Kazakhstan",
+                "matched_location_name": "Astana, Kazakhstan",
+                "evidence": [
+                    {
+                        "source": "Kazakhstan National Supercomputing Center",
+                        "url": "https://example.test/alem-cloud",
+                        "source_type": "official",
+                        "entity_match": True,
+                        "text": "Alem.Cloud is located in Astana.",
+                    }
+                ],
+                "reasoning_summary": "Evidence supports city-level location but not exact facility coordinates.",
+            }
+        )
+    )
+
+    result = await collect_llm_location_fallback_candidate(
+        provider_client=client,
+        query=LocationQuery(name="Alem.Cloud", country="Kazakhstan"),
+        entity_type="compute_center",
+    )
+
+    assert result.failure_reason is None
+    candidate = result.candidates[0]
+    assert candidate.city == "Astana"
+    assert candidate.confidence >= 0.55
+    assert candidate.suggested_registry_entry["llm_model_confidence"] == pytest.approx(0.38)
+    assert candidate.suggested_registry_entry["llm_combined_confidence"] == pytest.approx(
+        candidate.confidence
+    )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_llm_location_fallback_rejects_low_combined_score():
+    result = await collect_llm_location_fallback_candidate(
+        provider_client=_FakeAIProviderClient(
+            json.dumps(
+                {
+                    "latitude": 51.1694,
+                    "longitude": 71.4491,
+                    "precision": "city",
+                    "confidence": 0.38,
+                    "city": "Astana",
+                    "country": "Kazakhstan",
+                    "matched_location_name": "Astana, Kazakhstan",
+                    "evidence": ["some page mentions Kazakhstan"],
+                    "reasoning_summary": "Weak and ambiguous city evidence.",
+                    "ambiguity": "weak city evidence",
+                }
+            )
+        ),
+        query=LocationQuery(name="Alem.Cloud", country="Kazakhstan"),
+        entity_type="compute_center",
+    )
+
+    assert result.candidates == []
+    assert "combined evidence score" in result.failure_reason
+    assert "below minimum 0.55" in result.failure_reason
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_llm_location_fallback_rejects_explicit_conflicts():
+    result = await collect_llm_location_fallback_candidate(
+        provider_client=_FakeAIProviderClient(
+            json.dumps(
+                {
+                    "latitude": 25.033,
+                    "longitude": 121.5654,
+                    "precision": "city",
+                    "confidence": 0.70,
+                    "city": "Taipei",
+                    "country": "Taiwan",
+                    "matched_location_name": "Taipei, Taiwan",
+                    "evidence": [
+                        {
+                            "source": "Conflicting source",
+                            "source_type": "generic",
+                            "entity_match": True,
+                            "has_conflict": True,
+                            "text": "One source says Taipei, another contradicts it.",
+                        }
+                    ],
+                    "reasoning_summary": "Conflicting evidence prevents confirmation.",
+                }
+            )
+        ),
+        query=LocationQuery(name="TAIPEI-1", country="Taiwan"),
+        entity_type="compute_center",
+    )
+
+    assert result.candidates == []
+    assert "conflict=" in result.failure_reason
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "content",
+    [
+        "not json",
+        json.dumps({"latitude": 0, "longitude": 0, "precision": "city", "confidence": 0.9}),
+        json.dumps({"latitude": 45, "longitude": 4, "precision": "country", "confidence": 0.9}),
+        json.dumps({"latitude": 45, "longitude": 4, "precision": "city", "confidence": 0.2}),
+    ],
+)
+async def test_llm_location_fallback_rejects_unsafe_outputs(content):
+    result = await collect_llm_location_fallback_candidate(
+        provider_client=_FakeAIProviderClient(content),
+        query=LocationQuery(name="Unsafe", country="France"),
+        entity_type="compute_center",
+    )
+
+    assert result.candidates == []
+    assert result.failure_reason
+    assert result.attempted_queries == ["llm_factcheck:compute_center:Unsafe"]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_llm_location_fallback_failure_explains_rejection_reason():
+    result = await collect_llm_location_fallback_candidate(
+        provider_client=_FakeAIProviderClient(
+            json.dumps({
+                "latitude": 45,
+                "longitude": 4,
+                "precision": "region",
+                "confidence": 0.9,
+            })
+        ),
+        query=LocationQuery(name="Unsafe", country="France"),
+        entity_type="compute_center",
+    )
+
+    assert result.candidates == []
+    assert "precision" in result.failure_reason
+    assert "region" in result.failure_reason

backend/tests/test_motion_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,242 @@
+import json
+
+import pytest
+
+from motion_agent.cameras import (
+    MotionAgentCameraError,
+    MotionAgentDependencyError,
+    UrlCameraInput,
+    UrlCameraSpec,
+    UsbCameraInput,
+    UsbCameraSpec,
+)
+import motion_agent.cameras as motion_cameras
+from motion_agent.config import MotionAgentConfig
+from motion_agent.events import GestureEvent, HeartbeatEvent, SkeletonEvent, SkeletonJoint
+from motion_agent.recognizer import GestureObservation
+from motion_agent.server import MotionAgentServer
+from motion_agent.state import GestureStateMachine
+from motion_agent import cli as motion_cli
+
+
+def test_gesture_event_serializes_stable_protocol_fields():
+    event = GestureEvent(
+        gesture="rotate_left",
+        confidence=0.91,
+        intensity=0.75,
+        timestamp_ms=1000,
+        seq=7,
+        mode="single",
+    )
+
+    payload = json.loads(event.to_json())
+
+    assert payload["type"] == "gesture"
+    assert payload["gesture"] == "rotate_left"
+    assert payload["phase"] == "discrete"
+    assert payload["confidence"] == 0.91
+    assert payload["intensity"] == 0.75
+    assert payload["timestamp_ms"] == 1000
+    assert payload["seq"] == 7
+    assert payload["source"] == "motion-agent"
+    assert payload["mode"] == "single"
+    assert payload["payload"] == {}
+
+
+def test_state_machine_ignores_low_confidence_observations():
+    state = GestureStateMachine(confidence_threshold=0.8, cooldown_ms=400)
+
+    event = state.accept(
+        GestureObservation(
+            gesture="confirm",
+            confidence=0.79,
+            intensity=1,
+            timestamp_ms=1000,
+        )
+    )
+
+    assert event is None
+
+
+def test_state_machine_applies_per_gesture_cooldown():
+    state = GestureStateMachine(confidence_threshold=0.7, cooldown_ms=400)
+
+    first = state.accept(
+        GestureObservation("rotate_right", confidence=0.9, intensity=0.8, timestamp_ms=1000)
+    )
+    repeated = state.accept(
+        GestureObservation("rotate_right", confidence=0.95, intensity=0.9, timestamp_ms=1200)
+    )
+    later = state.accept(
+        GestureObservation("rotate_right", confidence=0.95, intensity=0.9, timestamp_ms=1500)
+    )
+
+    assert first is not None
+    assert first.seq == 1
+    assert repeated is None
+    assert later is not None
+    assert later.seq == 2
+
+
+def test_motion_server_status_includes_dry_run_camera_and_heartbeat():
+    server = MotionAgentServer(MotionAgentConfig(dry_run=True))
+
+    status = json.loads(server.status_event().to_json())
+    heartbeat = json.loads(HeartbeatEvent(timestamp_ms=123).to_json())
+
+    assert status["type"] == "status"
+    assert status["camera_count"] == 1
+    assert status["active_camera_ids"] == ["dry-run:null-camera"]
+    assert status["recognizer"] == "dry-run"
+    assert heartbeat == {
+        "timestamp_ms": 123,
+        "source": "motion-agent",
+        "type": "heartbeat",
+    }
+
+
+def test_skeleton_event_serializes_without_raw_image_fields():
+    event = SkeletonEvent(
+        joints=[SkeletonJoint("left_wrist", 0.42, 0.61, 0.98)],
+        bones=[("left_shoulder", "left_elbow"), ("left_elbow", "left_wrist")],
+        matched_gesture="rotate_left",
+        confidence=0.91,
+        camera_id="usb:0",
+        timestamp_ms=1000,
+        mode="single",
+    )
+
+    payload = json.loads(event.to_json())
+
+    assert payload["type"] == "skeleton"
+    assert payload["matched_gesture"] == "rotate_left"
+    assert payload["confidence"] == 0.91
+    assert payload["camera_id"] == "usb:0"
+    assert payload["joints"] == [
+        {"id": "left_wrist", "x": 0.42, "y": 0.61, "confidence": 0.98}
+    ]
+    assert payload["bones"] == [["left_shoulder", "left_elbow"], ["left_elbow", "left_wrist"]]
+    assert "image" not in payload
+    assert "frame" not in payload
+
+
+def test_dry_run_recognizer_produces_debug_skeleton():
+    server = MotionAgentServer(MotionAgentConfig(dry_run=True))
+
+    skeleton = server.recognizer.debug_skeleton(
+        None,
+        camera_id="dry-run:null-camera",
+        mode="single",
+    )
+
+    assert skeleton is not None
+    assert skeleton.type == "skeleton"
+    assert skeleton.camera_id == "dry-run:null-camera"
+    assert skeleton.joints
+    assert skeleton.bones
+
+
+class ServerRecognizerStub:
+    name = "stub"
+
+    def recognize(self, frame):
+        _ = frame
+        return None
+
+    def debug_skeleton(self, frame, **kwargs):
+        _ = frame, kwargs
+        return None
+
+
+def test_motion_server_prefers_camera_urls_over_usb_indexes():
+    server = MotionAgentServer(
+        MotionAgentConfig(
+            dry_run=False,
+            camera_indexes=(0,),
+            camera_urls=("rtsp://camera.example/live", "http://camera.example/video"),
+        ),
+        recognizer=ServerRecognizerStub(),
+    )
+
+    assert [camera.camera_id for camera in server.cameras] == ["url:0", "url:1"]
+    assert all(isinstance(camera, UrlCameraInput) for camera in server.cameras)
+
+
+def test_usb_camera_reports_missing_opencv_as_readable_dependency_error(monkeypatch):
+    import builtins
+
+    original_import = builtins.__import__
+    original_exists = motion_cameras.Path.exists
+
+    def fake_import(name, *args, **kwargs):
+        if name == "cv2":
+            raise ImportError("cv2 missing")
+        return original_import(name, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(builtins, "__import__", fake_import)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        motion_cameras.Path,
+        "exists",
+        lambda self: True if str(self) in {"/dev", "/dev/video0"} else original_exists(self),
+    )
+    camera = UsbCameraInput(UsbCameraSpec(index=0))
+
+    with pytest.raises(MotionAgentDependencyError, match="Add opencv-python with uv"):
+        camera.open()
+
+
+def test_usb_camera_reports_missing_device_before_opencv_noise(monkeypatch):
+    original_exists = motion_cameras.Path.exists
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        motion_cameras.Path,
+        "exists",
+        lambda self: True if str(self) == "/dev" else False if str(self) == "/dev/video0" else original_exists(self),
+    )
+    camera = UsbCameraInput(UsbCameraSpec(index=0))
+
+    with pytest.raises(MotionAgentCameraError, match="/dev/video0"):
+        camera.open()
+
+
+def test_url_camera_reports_unreachable_stream(monkeypatch):
+    class BrokenCapture:
+        def __init__(self, _url):
+            pass
+
+        def isOpened(self):
+            return False
+
+    class Cv2Stub:
+        VideoCapture = BrokenCapture
+
+    import builtins
+
+    original_import = builtins.__import__
+
+    def fake_import(name, *args, **kwargs):
+        if name == "cv2":
+            return Cv2Stub()
+        return original_import(name, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(builtins, "__import__", fake_import)
+    camera = UrlCameraInput(UrlCameraSpec(url="rtsp://camera.example/live"))
+
+    with pytest.raises(MotionAgentCameraError, match="Unable to open camera URL"):
+        camera.open()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_motion_agent_cli_reports_dependency_error_without_traceback(monkeypatch, capsys):
+    class BrokenServer:
+        def __init__(self, _config):
+            raise MotionAgentDependencyError("missing cv stack")
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(motion_cli, "MotionAgentServer", BrokenServer)
+
+    exit_code = await motion_cli.async_main([])
+
+    captured = capsys.readouterr()
+    assert exit_code == 2
+    assert "Motion agent failed: missing cv stack" in captured.err
+    assert "Traceback" not in captured.err

backend/tests/test_otp_service.py

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+"""Unit tests for app.services.otp using an in-memory Redis fake."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import time
+from typing import Any
+
+import pytest
+
+from app.services import otp
+
+
+class FakeRedis:
+    """Minimal subset of redis-py used by services.otp."""
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._store: dict[str, tuple[Any, float | None]] = {}
+
+    def _expired(self, key: str) -> bool:
+        item = self._store.get(key)
+        if item is None:
+            return True
+        _, expires = item
+        if expires is not None and expires <= time.time():
+            self._store.pop(key, None)
+            return True
+        return False
+
+    def set(self, key: str, value: Any, ex: int | None = None) -> None:
+        expires = time.time() + ex if ex else None
+        self._store[key] = (value, expires)
+
+    def get(self, key: str) -> Any:
+        if self._expired(key):
+            return None
+        return self._store[key][0]
+
+    def ttl(self, key: str) -> int:
+        if self._expired(key):
+            return -2
+        _, expires = self._store[key]
+        if expires is None:
+            return -1
+        return max(int(expires - time.time()), 0)
+
+    def delete(self, key: str) -> None:
+        self._store.pop(key, None)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def fake_redis(monkeypatch):
+    fake = FakeRedis()
+    monkeypatch.setattr(otp, "redis_client", fake)
+    return fake
+
+
+def test_issue_code_returns_six_digits(fake_redis):
+    code = otp.issue_code("alice@example.com", "register")
+    assert len(code) == 6
+    assert code.isdigit()
+
+
+def test_verify_code_succeeds_and_consumes(fake_redis):
+    code = otp.issue_code("alice@example.com", "register")
+    otp.verify_code("alice@example.com", "register", code)
+    with pytest.raises(otp.OtpExpired):
+        otp.verify_code("alice@example.com", "register", code)
+
+
+def test_verify_code_rejects_wrong_code(fake_redis):
+    otp.issue_code("alice@example.com", "register")
+    with pytest.raises(otp.OtpInvalid):
+        otp.verify_code("alice@example.com", "register", "000000")
+
+
+def test_verify_code_locks_after_max_attempts(fake_redis):
+    code = otp.issue_code("alice@example.com", "register")
+    for _ in range(otp.MAX_ATTEMPTS):
+        with pytest.raises(otp.OtpInvalid):
+            otp.verify_code("alice@example.com", "register", "000000")
+    # After max attempts the next call should raise OtpAttemptsExceeded and clear the code.
+    with pytest.raises(otp.OtpAttemptsExceeded):
+        otp.verify_code("alice@example.com", "register", code)
+    with pytest.raises(otp.OtpExpired):
+        otp.verify_code("alice@example.com", "register", code)
+
+
+def test_issue_code_enforces_resend_cooldown(fake_redis):
+    otp.issue_code("alice@example.com", "register")
+    with pytest.raises(otp.OtpResendRateLimited) as excinfo:
+        otp.issue_code("alice@example.com", "register")
+    assert excinfo.value.retry_after_seconds > 0
+
+
+def test_issue_code_emails_are_case_insensitive(fake_redis):
+    code = otp.issue_code("Alice@Example.com", "register")
+    otp.verify_code("alice@example.com", "register", code)
+
+
+def test_purposes_are_isolated(fake_redis):
+    register_code = otp.issue_code("alice@example.com", "register")
+    reset_code = otp.issue_code("alice@example.com", "reset_password")
+    assert register_code != reset_code
+    otp.verify_code("alice@example.com", "register", register_code)
+    # Reset code should still be valid after consuming the register code.
+    otp.verify_code("alice@example.com", "reset_password", reset_code)

backend/tests/test_realtime_sources.py

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+from unittest.mock import AsyncMock
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi import HTTPException
+
+from app.api.v1 import realtime_sources
+from app.models.datasource import DataSource
+from app.models.datasource_config import DataSourceConfig
+from app.models.vessel import AISSourceHealth
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_serialize_builtin_aisstream_includes_health_config_and_stats(monkeypatch):
+    datasource = DataSource(
+        id=28,
+        name="AISStream Vessels",
+        source="aisstream_vessels",
+        module="L4",
+        priority="P1",
+        collector_class="aisstream_vessels",
+        is_active=True,
+    )
+    config = DataSourceConfig(
+        id=3,
+        name="aisstream_vessels",
+        source_type="websocket",
+        endpoint="wss://stream.aisstream.io/v0/stream",
+        auth_type="api_key",
+        auth_config={"api_key": "test-key"},
+        config={
+            "message_types": ["PositionReport"],
+            "bounding_boxes": [[[-10, 50], [35, 75]]],
+        },
+        is_active=True,
+    )
+    health = AISSourceHealth(
+        source="aisstream_vessels",
+        connection_state="connected",
+        last_seen_at=datetime(2026, 5, 13, 1, 0, tzinfo=UTC),
+    )
+
+    class _Session:
+        async def get(self, _model, key):
+            assert key == "aisstream_vessels"
+            return health
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        realtime_sources,
+        "_load_realtime_stats",
+        AsyncMock(
+            return_value={
+                "total_observations": 10,
+                "observations_24h": 4,
+                "observations_1h": 1,
+                "unique_mmsi_total": 8,
+                "unique_mmsi_24h": 3,
+                "latest_observed_at": "2026-05-13T01:00:00Z",
+                "latest_collected_at": "2026-05-13T01:00:01Z",
+            }
+        ),
+    )
+    monkeypatch.setattr(realtime_sources, "is_collector_running", lambda source: False)
+
+    payload = await realtime_sources._serialize_builtin_aisstream(_Session(), datasource, config)
+
+    assert payload["source"] == "aisstream_vessels"
+    assert payload["kind"] == "builtin"
+    assert payload["credential_configured"] is True
+    assert payload["message_types"] == ["PositionReport"]
+    assert payload["runtime"]["running"] is False
+    assert payload["health"]["connection_state"] == "connected"
+    assert payload["stats"]["total_observations"] == 10
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_start_builtin_realtime_source_rejects_disabled(monkeypatch):
+    datasource = DataSource(
+        id=28,
+        name="AISStream Vessels",
+        source="aisstream_vessels",
+        module="L4",
+        priority="P1",
+        collector_class="aisstream_vessels",
+        is_active=False,
+    )
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        realtime_sources,
+        "_load_builtin_aisstream",
+        AsyncMock(return_value=(datasource, None)),
+    )
+
+    with pytest.raises(HTTPException) as excinfo:
+        await realtime_sources.start_realtime_source(
+            "aisstream_vessels",
+            current_user=object(),
+            db=object(),
+        )
+
+    assert excinfo.value.status_code == 400
+    assert "disabled" in excinfo.value.detail

backend/tests/test_settings_ai_provider.py

@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+from types import SimpleNamespace
+
+import pytest
+
+from app.api.v1 import settings as settings_api
+from app.api.v1.settings import (
+    AIProviderIntegrationUpdate,
+    OCRIntegrationUpdate,
+    _build_ai_provider_payload,
+    _build_ocr_payload,
+    _mask_secret,
+    _normalize_ai_provider_payload,
+    _normalize_ocr_payload,
+    _resolve_provider_api_key,
+    get_runtime_ai_provider_config,
+)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def isolated_ai_provider_env_file(monkeypatch, tmp_path):
+    env_file = tmp_path / ".env"
+    monkeypatch.setattr(settings_api, "AI_PROVIDER_ENV_FILE", env_file)
+    return env_file
+
+
+def test_legacy_ai_provider_payload_maps_to_provider_config():
+    payload = _normalize_ai_provider_payload(
+        {
+            "provider": "openai",
+            "provider_api": "openai-completions",
+            "base_url": "https://api.openai.example/v1",
+            "model": "gpt-test",
+            "api_key": "old-openai-key",
+            "max_tokens": 2048,
+            "anthropic_version": "2023-06-01",
+        }
+    )
+
+    assert payload["default_provider"] == "openai"
+    assert payload["providers"]["openai"]["api_key"] == "old-openai-key"
+    assert payload["providers"]["openai"]["model"] == "gpt-test"
+    assert payload["providers"]["openai"]["base_url"] == "https://api.openai.example/v1"
+
+
+def test_provider_key_prefers_specific_env_file_key(isolated_ai_provider_env_file):
+    isolated_ai_provider_env_file.write_text(
+        "OPENAI_API_KEY=openai-env-file-key\nAI_API_KEY=generic-env-file-key\n",
+        encoding="utf-8",
+    )
+
+    value, source = _resolve_provider_api_key("openai", {"api_key": ""})
+
+    assert value == "openai-env-file-key"
+    assert source == "env_file"
+
+
+def test_provider_key_falls_back_to_generic_ai_api_key(isolated_ai_provider_env_file):
+    isolated_ai_provider_env_file.write_text(
+        "AI_API_KEY=generic-env-file-key\n",
+        encoding="utf-8",
+    )
+
+    value, source = _resolve_provider_api_key("openai", {"api_key": ""})
+
+    assert value == "generic-env-file-key"
+    assert source == "env_file"
+
+
+def test_mask_secret_without_prefix_is_fully_masked():
+    assert _mask_secret("plainsecret")["preview"] == "***********"
+    assert _mask_secret("sk-prefixed")["preview"] == "sk-********"
+
+
+def test_build_payload_updates_only_selected_provider_key():
+    current = {
+        "ai_provider": {
+            "default_provider": "openai",
+            "providers": {
+                "openai": {
+                    "provider": "openai",
+                    "provider_api": "openai-completions",
+                    "base_url": "https://api.openai.com/v1",
+                    "model": "gpt-old",
+                    "api_key": "openai-old-key",
+                    "max_tokens": 4096,
+                    "anthropic_version": "2023-06-01",
+                },
+                "minimax": {
+                    "provider": "minimax",
+                    "api_key": "minimax-old-key",
+                },
+            },
+        }
+    }
+    update = AIProviderIntegrationUpdate(
+        provider="openai",
+        provider_api="openai-completions",
+        base_url="https://api.openai.com/v1",
+        model="gpt-new",
+        api_key="openai-new-key",
+        max_tokens=8192,
+    )
+
+    payload = _build_ai_provider_payload(current, update)
+
+    assert payload["default_provider"] == "openai"
+    assert payload["providers"]["openai"]["api_key"] == "openai-new-key"
+    assert payload["providers"]["openai"]["model"] == "gpt-new"
+    assert payload["providers"]["minimax"]["api_key"] == "minimax-old-key"
+
+
+def test_build_payload_keeps_saved_key_when_preview_submitted():
+    current = {
+        "ai_provider": {
+            "providers": {
+                "openai": {
+                    "provider": "openai",
+                    "api_key": "sk-old-secret",
+                },
+            },
+        }
+    }
+    update = AIProviderIntegrationUpdate(
+        provider="openai",
+        provider_api="openai-completions",
+        base_url="https://api.openai.com/v1",
+        model="gpt-test",
+        api_key="sk-*********",
+    )
+
+    payload = _build_ai_provider_payload(current, update)
+
+    assert payload["providers"]["openai"]["api_key"] == "sk-old-secret"
+
+
+def test_normalize_ocr_payload_adds_defaults():
+    payload = _normalize_ocr_payload({})
+
+    assert payload["enabled"] is False
+    assert payload["provider"] == "paddleocr"
+    assert payload["languages"] == ["zh", "en"]
+    assert payload["output_format"] == "markdown"
+
+
+def test_build_ocr_payload_keeps_saved_key_when_preview_submitted():
+    current = {
+        "ocr": {
+            "enabled": True,
+            "provider": "custom",
+            "base_url": "http://localhost:8020",
+            "api_key": "ocr-old-secret",
+        }
+    }
+    update = OCRIntegrationUpdate(
+        enabled=True,
+        provider="custom",
+        base_url="http://localhost:8020",
+        api_key="**************",
+        model="ocr-model",
+        languages=["zh", "en"],
+        timeout_seconds=45,
+        max_file_size_mb=50,
+        output_format="json",
+    )
+
+    payload = _build_ocr_payload(current, update)
+
+    assert payload["api_key"] == "ocr-old-secret"
+    assert payload["model"] == "ocr-model"
+    assert payload["output_format"] == "json"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_runtime_config_uses_default_provider_specific_key(monkeypatch):
+    record = SimpleNamespace(
+        payload={
+            "ai_provider": {
+                "default_provider": "minimax",
+                "providers": {
+                    "openai": {
+                        "provider": "openai",
+                        "api_key": "openai-key",
+                        "provider_api": "openai-completions",
+                        "base_url": "https://api.openai.com/v1",
+                        "model": "gpt-test",
+                    },
+                    "minimax": {
+                        "provider": "minimax",
+                        "api_key": "minimax-key",
+                        "provider_api": "anthropic-messages",
+                        "base_url": "https://api.minimaxi.com/anthropic",
+                        "model": "MiniMax-test",
+                    },
+                },
+            }
+        }
+    )
+
+    async def fake_get_setting_record(_db, category):
+        assert category == "external_integrations"
+        return record
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(settings_api, "get_setting_record", fake_get_setting_record)
+
+    runtime_config = await get_runtime_ai_provider_config(object())
+
+    assert runtime_config["llm_config"]["provider"] == "minimax"
+    assert runtime_config["llm_config"]["api_key"] == "minimax-key"
+    assert runtime_config["llm_config"]["model"] == "MiniMax-test"

backend/tests/test_settings_smtp.py

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+"""Unit tests for SMTP settings helpers in app.api.v1.settings."""
+
+from app.api.v1.settings import (
+    SMTPSettingsUpdate,
+    _build_smtp_payload,
+    _serialize_smtp_payload,
+)
+
+
+def test_serialize_masks_password_and_reports_configured():
+    serialized = _serialize_smtp_payload(
+        {
+            "host": "smtp.example.com",
+            "port": 587,
+            "username": "noreply@example.com",
+            "password": "super-secret",
+            "from_address": "noreply@example.com",
+            "from_name": "Planet",
+            "use_tls": False,
+            "use_starttls": True,
+            "timeout_seconds": 20,
+        }
+    )
+    assert serialized["configured"] is True
+    assert serialized["password"]["configured"] is True
+    assert "secret" not in serialized["password"]["preview"]
+
+
+def test_serialize_marks_unconfigured_when_host_missing():
+    serialized = _serialize_smtp_payload(
+        {
+            "host": "",
+            "port": 587,
+            "from_address": "",
+        }
+    )
+    assert serialized["configured"] is False
+    assert serialized["password"]["configured"] is False
+
+
+def test_build_payload_preserves_password_when_placeholder_submitted():
+    current = {
+        "host": "smtp.example.com",
+        "port": 587,
+        "username": "noreply@example.com",
+        "password": "super-secret",
+        "from_address": "noreply@example.com",
+        "from_name": "Planet",
+        "use_tls": False,
+        "use_starttls": True,
+        "timeout_seconds": 20,
+    }
+    preview = _serialize_smtp_payload(current)["password"]["preview"]
+    update = SMTPSettingsUpdate(
+        host="smtp.example.com",
+        port=587,
+        username="noreply@example.com",
+        password=preview,
+        from_address="noreply@example.com",
+    )
+    merged = _build_smtp_payload(current, update)
+    assert merged["password"] == "super-secret"
+
+
+def test_build_payload_replaces_password_when_new_value_submitted():
+    current = {"password": "old", "host": "", "port": 587, "from_address": ""}
+    update = SMTPSettingsUpdate(
+        host="smtp.example.com",
+        port=587,
+        password="new-secret",
+        from_address="noreply@example.com",
+    )
+    merged = _build_smtp_payload(current, update)
+    assert merged["password"] == "new-secret"
+
+
+def test_build_payload_clears_password_when_requested():
+    current = {"password": "old"}
+    update = SMTPSettingsUpdate(
+        host="smtp.example.com",
+        port=587,
+        from_address="noreply@example.com",
+        clear_password=True,
+    )
+    merged = _build_smtp_payload(current, update)
+    assert merged["password"] == ""

backend/tests/test_vessels.py

@@ -523,22 +523,114 @@ def test_convert_vessels_to_geojson_dedupes_mmsi_rows():
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_vessels_geojson_endpoint_filters_type_and_bbox():
+async def test_vessel_snapshot_filters_type_and_bbox(monkeypatch):
     now = datetime(2026, 4, 28, 1, 0, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
-    rows = [
-        (
-            VesselPosition(mmsi=1, lat=59.9, lon=10.7, received_at=now),
-            VesselStatic(mmsi=1, name="Cargo Ship", vessel_type=70, vessel_type_name="Cargo"),
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        visualization,
+        "get_aggregated_vessels_snapshot",
+        AsyncMock(
+            return_value=[
+                {
+                    "mmsi": 1,
+                    "lat": 59.9,
+                    "lon": 10.7,
+                    "received_at": now,
+                    "name": "Cargo Ship",
+                    "vessel_type": 70,
+                    "vessel_type_name": "Cargo",
+                },
+                {
+                    "mmsi": 2,
+                    "lat": 60.3,
+                    "lon": 5.3,
+                    "received_at": now - timedelta(minutes=1),
+                    "name": "Passenger Ship",
+                    "vessel_type": 60,
+                    "vessel_type_name": "Passenger",
+                },
+            ]
         ),
-        (
-            VesselPosition(mmsi=2, lat=60.3, lon=5.3, received_at=now - timedelta(minutes=1)),
-            VesselStatic(mmsi=2, name="Passenger Ship", vessel_type=60, vessel_type_name="Passenger"),
-        ),
-    ]
+    )
+
+    async def override_get_db():
+        yield object()
+
+    app.dependency_overrides[get_db] = override_get_db
+    transport = ASGITransport(app=app)
+    try:
+        async with AsyncClient(transport=transport, base_url="http://test") as client:
+            response = await client.get(
+                "/api/v1/vessels/snapshot",
+                params={"bbox": "0,50,20,70", "zoom": 12, "type": "cargo", "limit": 1000},
+            )
+
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        data = response.json()
+        assert data["count"] == 1
+        assert data["features"][0]["properties"]["name"] == "Cargo Ship"
+        assert data["stats"]["by_type"]["Cargo"] == 1
+    finally:
+        app.dependency_overrides.clear()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_legacy_vessels_geojson_route_is_not_registered():
+    transport = ASGITransport(app=app)
+    async with AsyncClient(transport=transport, base_url="http://test") as client:
+        response = await client.get("/api/v1/visualization/geo/vessels")
+
+    assert response.status_code == 404
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_vessel_snapshot_requires_bbox():
+    transport = ASGITransport(app=app)
+    async with AsyncClient(transport=transport, base_url="http://test") as client:
+        response = await client.get("/api/v1/vessels/snapshot", params={"zoom": 12})
+
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert response.json()["detail"] == "bbox is required"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_vessel_snapshot_filters_bbox_and_caps_limit(monkeypatch):
+    now = datetime(2026, 4, 28, 1, 0, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
+    captured = {}
+
+    async def fake_get_aggregated_vessels_snapshot(db, *, bbox, limit, observed_since):
+        captured["bbox"] = bbox
+        captured["limit"] = limit
+        captured["observed_since"] = observed_since
+        return [
+            {
+                "mmsi": 1,
+                "lat": 59.9,
+                "lon": 10.7,
+                "received_at": now,
+                "name": "Cargo Ship",
+                "vessel_type": 70,
+                "vessel_type_name": "Cargo",
+            },
+            {
+                "mmsi": 2,
+                "lat": 60.3,
+                "lon": 5.3,
+                "received_at": now,
+                "name": "Passenger Ship",
+                "vessel_type": 60,
+                "vessel_type_name": "Passenger",
+            },
+        ]
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        visualization,
+        "get_aggregated_vessels_snapshot",
+        fake_get_aggregated_vessels_snapshot,
+    )
 
     class _Result:
         def all(self):
-            return rows
+            return []
 
     class _FakeSession:
         async def execute(self, _query):
@@ -552,75 +644,73 @@ async def test_vessels_geojson_endpoint_filters_type_and_bbox():
     try:
         async with AsyncClient(transport=transport, base_url="http://test") as client:
             response = await client.get(
-                "/api/v1/visualization/geo/vessels",
-                params={"bbox": "0,50,20,70", "type": "cargo", "limit": 0},
+                "/api/v1/vessels/snapshot",
+                params={
+                    "bbox": "10,59,11,60",
+                    "zoom": 12,
+                    "type": "cargo",
+                    "limit": 5000,
+                    "since_minutes": 30,
+                },
             )
 
         assert response.status_code == 200
         data = response.json()
         assert data["count"] == 1
         assert data["features"][0]["properties"]["name"] == "Cargo Ship"
-        assert data["stats"]["by_type"]["Cargo"] == 1
+        assert captured["bbox"] == (10.0, 59.0, 11.0, 60.0)
+        assert captured["limit"] == 5000
+        assert data["diagnostics"]["bbox_applied"] is True
+        assert data["diagnostics"]["legacy_feature_count"] == 0
+        assert data["diagnostics"]["legacy_backfilled_mmsi"] == 0
     finally:
         app.dependency_overrides.clear()
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_vessels_geojson_merges_raw_and_legacy_sources(monkeypatch):
+async def test_vessel_snapshot_uses_legacy_fallback_when_raw_window_is_empty(monkeypatch):
     now = datetime(2026, 4, 28, 1, 0, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
     monkeypatch.setattr(
         visualization,
-        "get_aggregated_vessels",
+        "get_aggregated_vessels_snapshot",
+        AsyncMock(return_value=[]),
+    )
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        visualization,
+        "_load_legacy_vessel_snapshot_features",
         AsyncMock(
             return_value=[
                 {
-                    "mmsi": 1,
-                    "lat": 59.9,
-                    "lon": 10.7,
-                    "received_at": now,
-                    "name": "AISSTREAM SHIP",
-                    "vessel_type_name": "Cargo",
-                    "source_summary": {"aisstream_vessels": {"message_types": ["PositionReport"]}},
+                    "type": "Feature",
+                    "id": 257123000,
+                    "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [10.73, 59.91]},
+                    "properties": {
+                        "mmsi": 257123000,
+                        "name": "OSLO TRADER",
+                        "vessel_type": 70,
+                        "vessel_type_name": "Cargo",
+                        "received_at": now.isoformat(),
+                    },
                 }
             ]
         ),
     )
-    rows = [
-        (
-            VesselPosition(mmsi=1, lat=60.0, lon=10.8, received_at=now),
-            VesselStatic(mmsi=1, name="LEGACY DUP", vessel_type_name="Cargo"),
-        ),
-        (
-            VesselPosition(mmsi=2, lat=60.3, lon=5.3, received_at=now),
-            VesselStatic(mmsi=2, name="BARENTSWATCH ONLY", vessel_type_name="Passenger"),
-        ),
-    ]
 
-    class _Result:
-        def all(self):
-            return rows
+    result = await visualization.build_vessel_snapshot_response(
+        object(),
+        bbox=(10.0, 59.0, 11.0, 60.0),
+        zoom=12,
+        type_filter=None,
+        limit=1000,
+        since_minutes=60,
+    )
 
-    class _FakeSession:
-        async def execute(self, _query):
-            return _Result()
-
-    async def override_get_db():
-        yield _FakeSession()
-
-    app.dependency_overrides[get_db] = override_get_db
-    transport = ASGITransport(app=app)
-    try:
-        async with AsyncClient(transport=transport, base_url="http://test") as client:
-            response = await client.get("/api/v1/visualization/geo/vessels")
-
-        assert response.status_code == 200
-        data = response.json()
-        names = {feature["properties"]["mmsi"]: feature["properties"]["name"] for feature in data["features"]}
-        assert data["count"] == 2
-        assert names == {1: "AISSTREAM SHIP", 2: "BARENTSWATCH ONLY"}
-        assert data["diagnostics"]["legacy_backfilled_mmsi"] == 1
-    finally:
-        app.dependency_overrides.clear()
+    assert result["count"] == 1
+    assert result["features"][0]["properties"]["name"] == "OSLO TRADER"
+    assert result["diagnostics"]["raw_feature_count"] == 0
+    assert result["diagnostics"]["legacy_feature_count"] == 1
+    assert result["diagnostics"]["legacy_backfilled_mmsi"] == 1
+    assert result["diagnostics"]["legacy_fallback_used"] is True
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio

backend/tests/test_visualization_compute_centers.py

@@ -1,9 +1,15 @@
 from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from unittest.mock import AsyncMock
 
 import pytest
 from httpx import ASGITransport, AsyncClient
 
-from app.api.v1.visualization import convert_compute_centers_to_geojson
+from app.api.v1 import visualization as visualization_api
+from app.api.v1.visualization import (
+    CollectComputeCenterLocationRequest,
+    convert_compute_centers_to_geojson,
+)
+import app.services.compute_center_locations as compute_center_locations
 from app.db.session import get_db
 from app.main import app
 from app.models.collected_data import CollectedData
@@ -89,6 +95,8 @@ def test_convert_compute_centers_to_geojson_unifies_sources():
     assert supercomputer_feature["properties"]["operator"] == "ORNL"
     assert supercomputer_feature["properties"]["location_precision"] == "precise"
     assert supercomputer_feature["properties"]["is_estimated"] is False
+    assert supercomputer_feature["properties"]["location_source"] == "source_coordinates"
+    assert supercomputer_feature["properties"]["location_confidence"] == 1.0
 
     gpu_feature = payload["features"][1]
     assert gpu_feature["properties"]["site_type"] == "gpu_cluster"
@@ -98,8 +106,110 @@ def test_convert_compute_centers_to_geojson_unifies_sources():
     assert gpu_feature["properties"]["location_precision"] == "precise"
 
 
-def test_convert_compute_centers_to_geojson_uses_coordinate_hints():
-    hinted_record = _build_record(
+def test_convert_compute_centers_to_geojson_accepts_source_coordinate_aliases():
+    record = _build_record(
+        record_id=3,
+        source="epoch_ai_gpu",
+        data_type="gpu_cluster",
+        name="Alias Coordinates",
+        country="United States",
+        city="New York",
+        latitude=0.0,
+        longitude=0.0,
+        metadata={
+            "latitude": "",
+            "longitude": "",
+            "location": {
+                "lat": 40.7128,
+                "lng": -74.0060,
+            },
+            "value": "1200",
+            "unit": "TFlop/s",
+        },
+    )
+
+    payload = convert_compute_centers_to_geojson([record])
+
+    assert len(payload["features"]) == 1
+    feature = payload["features"][0]
+    assert feature["geometry"]["coordinates"] == [-74.006, 40.7128]
+    assert feature["properties"]["location_source"] == "source_coordinates"
+
+
+def test_compute_center_source_coordinates_win_over_stored_location():
+    compute_center_locations.set_compute_center_location_cache({
+        "top500:top500-31": {
+            "source": "top500",
+            "source_id": "top500-31",
+            "name": "Stored Wrong",
+            "latitude": 1.0,
+            "longitude": 2.0,
+            "precision": "city",
+            "confidence": 0.5,
+            "needs_confirmation": True,
+        }
+    })
+    record = _build_record(
+        record_id=31,
+        source="top500",
+        data_type="supercomputer",
+        name="Source Wins",
+        country="United States",
+        city="Oak Ridge",
+        latitude=35.93,
+        longitude=-84.31,
+        metadata={"organization": "ORNL"},
+    )
+
+    payload = convert_compute_centers_to_geojson([record])
+
+    assert payload["features"][0]["geometry"]["coordinates"] == [-84.31, 35.93]
+    assert payload["features"][0]["properties"]["location_source"] == "source_coordinates"
+    compute_center_locations.set_compute_center_location_cache({})
+
+
+def test_compute_center_geojson_uses_stored_location_when_source_coords_missing():
+    compute_center_locations.set_compute_center_location_cache({
+        "epoch_ai_gpu:epoch_ai_gpu-32": {
+            "source": "epoch_ai_gpu",
+            "source_id": "epoch_ai_gpu-32",
+            "name": "Stored Cluster",
+            "city": "Memphis",
+            "country": "United States",
+            "latitude": 35.1495,
+            "longitude": -90.049,
+            "precision": "city",
+            "confidence": 0.72,
+            "location_source": "manual_selection",
+            "source_note": "Saved by user",
+            "needs_confirmation": False,
+            "verified_at": "2026-05-08T00:00:00Z",
+        }
+    })
+    record = _build_record(
+        record_id=32,
+        source="epoch_ai_gpu",
+        data_type="gpu_cluster",
+        name="Stored Cluster",
+        country="United States",
+        city="",
+        latitude=0.0,
+        longitude=0.0,
+        metadata={"value": "1200", "unit": "TFlop/s"},
+    )
+
+    payload = convert_compute_centers_to_geojson([record])
+
+    assert len(payload["features"]) == 1
+    feature = payload["features"][0]
+    assert feature["geometry"]["coordinates"] == [-90.049, 35.1495]
+    assert feature["properties"]["location_source"] == "stored_compute_center_location"
+    assert feature["properties"]["needs_confirmation"] is False
+    compute_center_locations.set_compute_center_location_cache({})
+
+
+def test_convert_compute_centers_to_geojson_does_not_use_registry_aliases():
+    registry_record = _build_record(
         record_id=3,
         source="top500",
         data_type="supercomputer",
@@ -114,23 +224,51 @@ def test_convert_compute_centers_to_geojson_uses_coordinate_hints():
         },
     )
 
-    payload = convert_compute_centers_to_geojson([hinted_record])
+    payload = convert_compute_centers_to_geojson([registry_record])
 
-    assert len(payload["features"]) == 1
-    coords = payload["features"][0]["geometry"]["coordinates"]
-    assert coords[0] == pytest.approx(-84.3107)
-    assert coords[1] == pytest.approx(35.9319)
-    assert payload["features"][0]["properties"]["is_estimated"] is True
-    assert payload["features"][0]["properties"]["location_precision"] == "estimated_site"
+    assert payload["features"] == []
+    assert len(payload["unresolved"]) == 1
+    assert payload["unresolved"][0]["name"] == "Frontier"
+    assert "source coords" in payload["unresolved"][0]["failure_reason"]
 
 
-def test_convert_compute_centers_to_geojson_falls_back_to_country_centroid():
-    centroid_record = _build_record(
+def test_convert_compute_centers_to_geojson_does_not_use_city_fallback():
+    city_record = _build_record(
+        record_id=4,
+        source="epoch_ai_gpu",
+        data_type="gpu_cluster",
+        name="Sample GPU Cluster",
+        country="United States",
+        city="San Francisco, CA",
+        latitude=0.0,
+        longitude=0.0,
+        metadata={
+            "organization": "Sample Operator",
+            "value": "10000",
+            "unit": "TFlop/s",
+        },
+    )
+
+    payload = convert_compute_centers_to_geojson([city_record])
+
+    assert payload["features"] == []
+    assert len(payload["unresolved"]) == 1
+    assert payload["unresolved"][0]["city"] == "San Francisco, CA"
+
+
+def test_convert_compute_centers_to_geojson_does_not_online_geocode_on_startup(monkeypatch):
+    compute_center_locations._geocode_online.cache_clear()
+
+    def _explode(_query):
+        raise AssertionError("startup GeoJSON must not call online geocoding")
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(compute_center_locations, "_geocode_online", _explode)
+    country_record = _build_record(
         record_id=4,
         source="epoch_ai_gpu",
         data_type="gpu_cluster",
         name="Unknown Cluster",
-        country="United States",
+        country="France",
         city="",
         latitude=0.0,
         longitude=0.0,
@@ -141,16 +279,339 @@ def test_convert_compute_centers_to_geojson_falls_back_to_country_centroid():
         },
     )
 
-    payload = convert_compute_centers_to_geojson([centroid_record])
+    payload = convert_compute_centers_to_geojson([country_record])
 
-    assert len(payload["features"]) == 1
-    props = payload["features"][0]["properties"]
-    coords = payload["features"][0]["geometry"]["coordinates"]
-    assert coords[0] == pytest.approx(-98.5795)
-    assert coords[1] == pytest.approx(39.8283)
-    assert props["is_estimated"] is True
-    assert props["location_precision"] == "estimated_country"
-    assert props["geography_mode"] == "country_centroid"
+    assert payload["features"] == []
+    assert len(payload["unresolved"]) == 1
+    assert payload["unresolved"][0]["operator"] == "Unknown Operator"
+
+
+def test_convert_compute_centers_to_geojson_records_diagnostics_when_online_geocode_fails(monkeypatch):
+    compute_center_locations._geocode_online.cache_clear()
+    monkeypatch.setattr(compute_center_locations, "_geocode_online", lambda _query: None)
+    country_record = _build_record(
+        record_id=5,
+        source="epoch_ai_gpu",
+        data_type="gpu_cluster",
+        name="Unknown French Cluster",
+        country="France",
+        city="",
+        latitude=0.0,
+        longitude=0.0,
+        metadata={
+            "organization": "Unknown Operator",
+            "value": "10000",
+            "unit": "TFlop/s",
+        },
+    )
+
+    payload = convert_compute_centers_to_geojson([country_record])
+
+    assert payload["features"] == []
+    assert len(payload["unresolved"]) == 1
+    diagnostic = payload["unresolved"][0]
+    assert diagnostic["record_id"] == 5
+    assert diagnostic["source_id"] == "epoch_ai_gpu-5"
+    assert diagnostic["country"] == "France"
+    assert diagnostic["operator"] == "Unknown Operator"
+    assert diagnostic["failure_reason"]
+    assert diagnostic["attempted_queries"] == []
+
+
+def test_convert_compute_centers_to_geojson_records_diagnostics_when_no_country(monkeypatch):
+    compute_center_locations._geocode_online.cache_clear()
+    monkeypatch.setattr(compute_center_locations, "_geocode_online", lambda _query: None)
+    unknown_record = _build_record(
+        record_id=6,
+        source="epoch_ai_gpu",
+        data_type="gpu_cluster",
+        name="Unknown Offshore Cluster",
+        country="",
+        city="",
+        latitude=0.0,
+        longitude=0.0,
+        metadata={
+            "organization": "Unknown Operator",
+            "value": "10000",
+            "unit": "TFlop/s",
+        },
+    )
+
+    payload = convert_compute_centers_to_geojson([unknown_record])
+
+    assert payload["features"] == []
+    assert len(payload["unresolved"]) == 1
+    assert payload["unresolved"][0]["failure_reason"]
+
+
+def test_convert_compute_centers_to_geojson_never_emits_zero_coordinates(monkeypatch):
+    compute_center_locations._geocode_online.cache_clear()
+
+    def _zero_geocode(query):
+        return {
+            "lat": "0",
+            "lon": "0",
+            "display_name": "Null Island",
+            "address": {"city": "", "country": ""},
+        }
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(compute_center_locations, "_geocode_online", _zero_geocode)
+    record = _build_record(
+        record_id=7,
+        source="epoch_ai_gpu",
+        data_type="gpu_cluster",
+        name="Null Island Cluster",
+        country="",
+        city="",
+        latitude=0.0,
+        longitude=0.0,
+        metadata={"organization": "Null Inc"},
+    )
+
+    payload = convert_compute_centers_to_geojson([record])
+
+    for feature in payload["features"]:
+        coords = feature["geometry"]["coordinates"]
+        assert coords[0] not in (0, 0.0)
+        assert coords[1] not in (0, 0.0)
+
+
+def test_convert_compute_centers_to_geojson_rejects_country_or_unknown_precision(monkeypatch):
+    compute_center_locations._geocode_online.cache_clear()
+    monkeypatch.setattr(compute_center_locations, "_geocode_online", lambda _query: None)
+    record = _build_record(
+        record_id=8,
+        source="top500",
+        data_type="supercomputer",
+        name="Phantom System",
+        country="Liechtenstein",
+        city="",
+        latitude=0.0,
+        longitude=0.0,
+        metadata={"organization": "Phantom Operator", "rmax": 100.0},
+    )
+
+    payload = convert_compute_centers_to_geojson([record])
+
+    for feature in payload["features"]:
+        assert feature["properties"]["location_precision"] in {"precise", "site", "city"}
+    assert payload["features"] == []
+    assert payload["unresolved"], "phantom record must surface as diagnostic"
+
+
+def test_resolve_full_returns_diagnostic_for_unresolved(monkeypatch):
+    compute_center_locations._geocode_online.cache_clear()
+    monkeypatch.setattr(compute_center_locations, "_geocode_online", lambda _query: None)
+    record = _build_record(
+        record_id=11,
+        source="epoch_ai_gpu",
+        data_type="gpu_cluster",
+        name="Phantom Cluster",
+        country="Bhutan",
+        city="",
+        latitude=0.0,
+        longitude=0.0,
+        metadata={"organization": "Mystery Operator"},
+    )
+    result = compute_center_locations.resolve_compute_center_location_full(record, record.extra_data)
+    assert result.location is None
+    assert result.diagnostic is not None
+    assert result.diagnostic.failure_reason
+    assert result.diagnostic.country == "Bhutan"
+
+
+def test_collect_location_candidates_ignores_registry_and_uses_online(monkeypatch):
+    compute_center_locations._geocode_online.cache_clear()
+
+    def _fake_ror(query):
+        assert query == "Oak Ridge National Laboratory"
+        return {
+            "id": "https://ror.org/01qz5mb56",
+            "names": [
+                {"types": ["ror_display"], "value": "Oak Ridge National Laboratory"}
+            ],
+            "locations": [
+                {
+                    "geonames_id": 4646571,
+                    "geonames_details": {
+                        "name": "Oak Ridge",
+                        "country_subdivision_name": "Tennessee",
+                        "country_name": "United States",
+                        "lat": 36.01036,
+                        "lng": -84.26964,
+                    },
+                }
+            ],
+        }
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(compute_center_locations, "_lookup_ror_organization", _fake_ror)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(compute_center_locations, "_geocode_online", lambda _query: None)
+    candidates, attempted = compute_center_locations.collect_location_candidates(
+        name="Frontier",
+        operator="Oak Ridge National Laboratory",
+        country="United States",
+    )
+    assert candidates, "online source-traced query must produce a candidate"
+    best = candidates[0]
+    assert best.source == "ror_organization_registry"
+    assert best.precision == "city"
+    assert best.needs_confirmation is True
+    assert attempted[0] == "ror:Oak Ridge National Laboratory"
+
+
+def test_collect_location_candidates_returns_online_when_registry_misses(monkeypatch):
+    compute_center_locations._geocode_online.cache_clear()
+
+    def _fake_geocode(query):
+        if "Lyon" not in query and "Mystery Operator" not in query and "Lyon, France" not in query:
+            return None
+        return {
+            "lat": "45.7640",
+            "lon": "4.8357",
+            "display_name": "Lyon, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France",
+            "address": {"city": "Lyon", "state": "Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes", "country": "France"},
+        }
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(compute_center_locations, "_geocode_online", _fake_geocode)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(compute_center_locations, "_lookup_ror_organization", lambda _query: None)
+    candidates, attempted = compute_center_locations.collect_location_candidates(
+        name="Mystery System",
+        operator="Mystery Operator",
+        city="Lyon",
+        country="France",
+    )
+    assert candidates, "online geocoding must produce a candidate"
+    online_candidates = [c for c in candidates if c.source == "nominatim_online_geocode"]
+    assert online_candidates, "must include at least one online candidate"
+    online = online_candidates[0]
+    assert online.precision == "city"
+    assert online.needs_confirmation is True
+    assert online.suggested_registry_entry is not None
+    assert attempted, "must record attempted query strings"
+
+
+def test_collect_location_candidates_failure_returns_attempted_queries(monkeypatch):
+    compute_center_locations._geocode_online.cache_clear()
+    monkeypatch.setattr(compute_center_locations, "_lookup_ror_organization", lambda _query: None)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(compute_center_locations, "_geocode_online", lambda _query: None)
+    candidates, attempted = compute_center_locations.collect_location_candidates(
+        name="Mystery Offshore Cluster",
+        operator="Mystery Operator",
+        country="Bhutan",
+    )
+    assert candidates == []
+    assert attempted, "even on failure we record attempted queries for diagnostics"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_collect_compute_center_location_skips_llm_when_candidates_exist(monkeypatch):
+    candidate = compute_center_locations.LocationCandidate(
+        latitude=45.764,
+        longitude=4.8357,
+        display_name="Lyon",
+        precision="city",
+        confidence=0.62,
+        query="Lyon, France",
+        source="nominatim_online_geocode",
+        source_note="fixture",
+        matched_fields=("city", "country"),
+        needs_confirmation=True,
+        city="Lyon",
+        country="France",
+    )
+    monkeypatch.setattr(visualization_api, "_load_compute_center_record", AsyncMock(return_value=None))
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        visualization_api,
+        "collect_location_candidates",
+        lambda **_kwargs: ([candidate], ["Lyon, France"]),
+    )
+
+    async def _explode(**_kwargs):
+        raise AssertionError("LLM fallback should not run when a normal candidate exists")
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(visualization_api, "collect_llm_location_fallback_candidate", _explode)
+
+    response = await visualization_api.collect_compute_center_location(
+        "epoch_ai_gpu-test",
+        CollectComputeCenterLocationRequest(
+            name="Mystery Cluster",
+            source="epoch_ai_gpu",
+            city="Lyon",
+            country="France",
+        ),
+        db=AsyncMock(),
+    )
+
+    assert response["success"] is True
+    assert response["best_candidate"]["source"] == "nominatim_online_geocode"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_collect_compute_center_location_uses_llm_when_candidates_empty(monkeypatch):
+    llm_candidate = compute_center_locations.LocationCandidate(
+        latitude=45.764,
+        longitude=4.8357,
+        display_name="Lyon, France",
+        precision="city",
+        confidence=0.74,
+        query="llm_factcheck:compute_center:Mystery Cluster",
+        source="llm_location_factcheck",
+        source_note="LLM location factcheck fallback",
+        matched_fields=("name",),
+        needs_confirmation=True,
+        city="Lyon",
+        country="France",
+    )
+    monkeypatch.setattr(visualization_api, "_load_compute_center_record", AsyncMock(return_value=None))
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        visualization_api,
+        "collect_location_candidates",
+        lambda **_kwargs: ([], ["Mystery Cluster, France"]),
+    )
+
+    from app.services.location.llm_fallback import LocationLLMFallbackResult, LocationSearchEvidenceResult
+
+    async def _search_evidence(**_kwargs):
+        return LocationSearchEvidenceResult(
+            evidence=[
+                {
+                    "title": "Mystery Cluster source",
+                    "url": "https://example.test/mystery",
+                    "snippet": "Mystery Cluster is in Lyon.",
+                }
+            ],
+            attempted_queries=["web_search:compute_center:Mystery Cluster France physical location"],
+        )
+
+    async def _fallback(**_kwargs):
+        return LocationLLMFallbackResult(
+            candidates=[llm_candidate],
+            attempted_queries=["llm_factcheck:compute_center:Mystery Cluster"],
+        )
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(visualization_api, "get_ai_provider_client", AsyncMock(return_value=object()))
+    monkeypatch.setattr(visualization_api, "get_web_search_client", AsyncMock(return_value=object()))
+    monkeypatch.setattr(visualization_api, "collect_location_search_evidence", _search_evidence)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(visualization_api, "collect_llm_location_fallback_candidate", _fallback)
+
+    response = await visualization_api.collect_compute_center_location(
+        "epoch_ai_gpu-test",
+        CollectComputeCenterLocationRequest(
+            name="Mystery Cluster",
+            source="epoch_ai_gpu",
+            country="France",
+        ),
+        db=AsyncMock(),
+    )
+
+    assert response["success"] is True
+    assert response["best_candidate"]["source"] == "llm_location_factcheck"
+    assert response["best_candidate"]["needs_confirmation"] is True
+    assert response["attempted_queries"] == [
+        "Mystery Cluster, France",
+        "web_search:compute_center:Mystery Cluster France physical location",
+        "llm_factcheck:compute_center:Mystery Cluster",
+    ]
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
@@ -353,3 +814,304 @@ async def test_visualization_geo_summary_returns_counts(monkeypatch):
         assert stats["bgp_collector_count"] == 2
     finally:
         app.dependency_overrides.clear()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_collect_location_endpoint_returns_candidates_for_known_record(monkeypatch):
+    def _fake_ror(query):
+        assert query == "Oak Ridge National Laboratory"
+        return {
+            "id": "https://ror.org/01qz5mb56",
+            "names": [
+                {"types": ["ror_display"], "value": "Oak Ridge National Laboratory"}
+            ],
+            "locations": [
+                {
+                    "geonames_id": 4646571,
+                    "geonames_details": {
+                        "name": "Oak Ridge",
+                        "country_subdivision_name": "Tennessee",
+                        "country_name": "United States",
+                        "lat": 36.01036,
+                        "lng": -84.26964,
+                    },
+                }
+            ],
+        }
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(compute_center_locations, "_lookup_ror_organization", _fake_ror)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(compute_center_locations, "_geocode_online", lambda _query: None)
+
+    target_record = _build_record(
+        record_id=42,
+        source="top500",
+        data_type="supercomputer",
+        name="Frontier",
+        country="United States",
+        city="",
+        latitude=0.0,
+        longitude=0.0,
+        metadata={"organization": "Oak Ridge National Laboratory", "rmax": 1102000.0},
+    )
+
+    class _ScalarResult:
+        def __init__(self, rows):
+            self._rows = rows
+
+        def scalars(self):
+            class _Scalars:
+                def __init__(self, rows):
+                    self._rows = rows
+
+                def first(self):
+                    return self._rows[0] if self._rows else None
+
+                def all(self):
+                    return self._rows
+
+            return _Scalars(self._rows)
+
+    class _FakeSession:
+        async def execute(self, _query):
+            return _ScalarResult([target_record])
+
+    async def override_get_db():
+        yield _FakeSession()
+
+    app.dependency_overrides[get_db] = override_get_db
+    transport = ASGITransport(app=app)
+    try:
+        async with AsyncClient(transport=transport, base_url="http://test") as client:
+            response = await client.post(
+                "/api/v1/visualization/compute-centers/top500-42/collect-location",
+                json={
+                    "name": "Frontier",
+                    "operator": "Oak Ridge National Laboratory",
+                    "country": "United States",
+                },
+            )
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        body = response.json()
+        assert body["success"] is True
+        assert body["candidates"], "must include candidates"
+        best = body["best_candidate"]
+        assert best["precision"] in {"precise", "site", "city"}
+        assert best["source"] == "ror_organization_registry"
+        assert best["needs_confirmation"] is True
+        assert best["matched_fields"], "matched_fields must be populated"
+    finally:
+        app.dependency_overrides.clear()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_collect_location_endpoint_returns_failure_reason(monkeypatch):
+    monkeypatch.setattr(compute_center_locations, "_lookup_ror_organization", lambda _query: None)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(compute_center_locations, "_geocode_online", lambda _query: None)
+
+    class _ScalarResult:
+        def __init__(self, rows):
+            self._rows = rows
+
+        def scalars(self):
+            class _Scalars:
+                def __init__(self, rows):
+                    self._rows = rows
+
+                def first(self):
+                    return self._rows[0] if self._rows else None
+
+                def all(self):
+                    return self._rows
+
+            return _Scalars(self._rows)
+
+    class _FakeSession:
+        async def execute(self, _query):
+            return _ScalarResult([])
+
+    async def override_get_db():
+        yield _FakeSession()
+
+    app.dependency_overrides[get_db] = override_get_db
+    transport = ASGITransport(app=app)
+    try:
+        async with AsyncClient(transport=transport, base_url="http://test") as client:
+            response = await client.post(
+                "/api/v1/visualization/compute-centers/epoch-mystery-99/collect-location",
+                json={
+                    "name": "Mystery Cluster",
+                    "operator": "Mystery Operator",
+                    "country": "Bhutan",
+                },
+            )
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        body = response.json()
+        assert body["success"] is False
+        assert body["failure_reason"]
+        assert body["candidates"] == []
+        assert body["attempted_queries"], "must include attempted queries"
+    finally:
+        app.dependency_overrides.clear()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_save_location_endpoint_upserts_and_geojson_can_render():
+    target_record = _build_record(
+        record_id=52,
+        source="epoch_ai_gpu",
+        data_type="gpu_cluster",
+        name="Saved Cluster",
+        country="United States",
+        city="",
+        latitude=0.0,
+        longitude=0.0,
+        metadata={"value": "1200", "unit": "TFlop/s"},
+    )
+
+    class _ScalarResult:
+        def __init__(self, rows):
+            self._rows = rows
+
+        def scalars(self):
+            class _Scalars:
+                def __init__(self, rows):
+                    self._rows = rows
+
+                def first(self):
+                    return self._rows[0] if self._rows else None
+
+                def all(self):
+                    return self._rows
+
+            return _Scalars(self._rows)
+
+    class _FakeSession:
+        def __init__(self):
+            self.saved = []
+
+        async def execute(self, _query):
+            if self.saved:
+                return _ScalarResult(self.saved)
+            return _ScalarResult([target_record])
+
+        async def scalar(self, _query):
+            return None
+
+        def add(self, record):
+            self.saved.append(record)
+
+        async def commit(self):
+            return None
+
+        async def refresh(self, _record):
+            return None
+
+    fake_session = _FakeSession()
+
+    async def override_get_db():
+        yield fake_session
+
+    app.dependency_overrides[get_db] = override_get_db
+    transport = ASGITransport(app=app)
+    try:
+        async with AsyncClient(transport=transport, base_url="http://test") as client:
+            response = await client.post(
+                "/api/v1/visualization/compute-centers/epoch_ai_gpu-52/location",
+                json={
+                    "source": "epoch_ai_gpu",
+                    "name": "Saved Cluster",
+                    "latitude": 35.1495,
+                    "longitude": -90.049,
+                    "precision": "city",
+                    "confidence": 0.72,
+                    "location_source": "ror_organization_registry",
+                    "source_note": "Selected by user",
+                    "raw_payload": {"source": "ror_organization_registry"},
+                },
+            )
+        assert response.status_code == 200
+        body = response.json()
+        assert body["success"] is True
+        assert fake_session.saved
+
+        payload = convert_compute_centers_to_geojson([target_record])
+        assert len(payload["features"]) == 1
+        feature = payload["features"][0]
+        assert feature["geometry"]["coordinates"] == [-90.049, 35.1495]
+        assert feature["properties"]["location_source"] == "stored_compute_center_location"
+    finally:
+        app.dependency_overrides.clear()
+        compute_center_locations.set_compute_center_location_cache({})
+
+
+def test_resolution_chain_orders_source_coords_first(monkeypatch):
+    def _explode(_query):
+        raise AssertionError("source coords must short-circuit before online geocoding")
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(compute_center_locations, "_geocode_online", _explode)
+    record = _build_record(
+        record_id=20,
+        source="top500",
+        data_type="supercomputer",
+        name="Frontier",
+        country="United States",
+        city="Oak Ridge",
+        latitude=35.93,
+        longitude=-84.31,
+        metadata={"organization": "ORNL"},
+    )
+    result = compute_center_locations.resolve_compute_center_location_full(record, record.extra_data)
+    assert result.is_resolved
+    assert result.location.location_precision == "precise"
+    assert result.location.location_source == "source_coordinates"
+
+
+def test_no_country_centroid_or_major_compute_city_fallback(monkeypatch):
+    monkeypatch.setattr(compute_center_locations, "_geocode_online", lambda _query: None)
+    record = _build_record(
+        record_id=21,
+        source="top500",
+        data_type="supercomputer",
+        name="Phantom System",
+        country="France",
+        city="",
+        latitude=0.0,
+        longitude=0.0,
+        metadata={"organization": "Phantom Operator"},
+    )
+    result = compute_center_locations.resolve_compute_center_location_full(record, record.extra_data)
+    assert result.location is None, "must NOT fall back to country centroid or hashed major city"
+    assert result.diagnostic is not None
+    assert result.diagnostic.failure_reason
+
+
+def test_repository_has_no_forbidden_precision_tokens():
+    """Static guard: forbidden fallback strategies must not regress into the codebase.
+
+    Each forbidden token may appear at most once per target file, and only inside
+    the FORBIDDEN_PRECISIONS guard list (so we still reject them at runtime).
+    """
+    from pathlib import Path
+
+    backend_root = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1]
+    forbidden_tokens = (
+        "country_centroid",
+        "country_major_compute_city",
+        "estimated_country",
+    )
+    targets = [
+        backend_root / "app" / "services" / "compute_center_locations.py",
+        backend_root / "app" / "api" / "v1" / "visualization.py",
+    ]
+    for target in targets:
+        text = target.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+        for token in forbidden_tokens:
+            occurrences = text.count(token)
+            assert occurrences <= 1, (
+                f"{token} appears {occurrences} times in {target}; "
+                "should only appear in FORBIDDEN_PRECISIONS guard list."
+            )
+            if occurrences == 1:
+                assert "FORBIDDEN_PRECISIONS" in text, (
+                    f"{token} appears in {target} outside the FORBIDDEN_PRECISIONS guard"
+                )

backend/tests/test_web_search_tools.py

@@ -0,0 +1,261 @@
+from types import SimpleNamespace
+
+import pytest
+
+from app.api.v1 import settings as settings_api
+from app.api.v1.settings import (
+    WebSearchIntegrationUpdate,
+    _build_web_search_payload,
+    _mask_secret,
+    _normalize_web_search_payload,
+    _resolve_web_search_api_key,
+)
+from app.services.ai_tools.schemas import WebSearchConfig, WebSearchProviderConfig
+from app.services.ai_tools.web_search import WebSearchClient
+from app.services.credential_guides import generate_credential_guide
+from app.services.location.llm_fallback import (
+    collect_llm_location_fallback_candidate,
+    collect_location_search_evidence,
+)
+from app.services.location.models import LocationQuery
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def isolated_web_search_env_files(monkeypatch, tmp_path):
+    env_file = tmp_path / ".env"
+    monkeypatch.setattr(settings_api, "WEB_SEARCH_ENV_FILES", (env_file,))
+    return env_file
+
+
+def test_normalize_web_search_payload_adds_default_provider():
+    payload = _normalize_web_search_payload({})
+
+    assert payload["default_provider"] == "tavily"
+    assert payload["providers"]["tavily"]["base_url"] == "https://api.tavily.com"
+
+
+def test_web_search_key_prefers_provider_env(isolated_web_search_env_files):
+    isolated_web_search_env_files.write_text(
+        "TAVILY_API_KEY=tavily-env-key\nWEB_SEARCH_API_KEY=generic-search-key\n",
+        encoding="utf-8",
+    )
+
+    value, source = _resolve_web_search_api_key("tavily", {"api_key": ""})
+
+    assert value == "tavily-env-key"
+    assert source == "env_file"
+
+
+def test_build_web_search_payload_keeps_saved_key_when_preview_submitted():
+    current = {
+        "web_search": {
+            "default_provider": "tavily",
+            "providers": {
+                "tavily": {
+                    "provider": "tavily",
+                    "api_key": "tvly-old-secret",
+                },
+            },
+        }
+    }
+    update = WebSearchIntegrationUpdate(
+        enabled=True,
+        provider="tavily",
+        base_url="https://api.tavily.com",
+        api_key=_mask_secret("tvly-old-secret")["preview"],
+    )
+
+    payload = _build_web_search_payload(current, update)
+
+    assert payload["enabled"] is True
+    assert payload["providers"]["tavily"]["api_key"] == "tvly-old-secret"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_tavily_adapter_normalizes_results(monkeypatch):
+    config = WebSearchConfig(
+        enabled=True,
+        default_provider="tavily",
+        provider="tavily",
+        providers={
+            "tavily": WebSearchProviderConfig(
+                provider="tavily",
+                base_url="https://api.tavily.com",
+                api_key="key",
+            )
+        },
+    )
+    client = WebSearchClient(config)
+
+    async def fake_request_json(*args, **kwargs):
+        return {
+            "query": "Alem.Cloud",
+            "results": [
+                {
+                    "title": "Alem.Cloud official",
+                    "url": "https://example.test/alem",
+                    "content": "Alem.Cloud is in Astana.",
+                    "score": 0.9,
+                }
+            ],
+        }
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(client, "_request_json", fake_request_json)
+
+    results = await client.search("Alem.Cloud")
+
+    assert results[0].source_provider == "tavily"
+    assert results[0].url == "https://example.test/alem"
+    assert "Astana" in results[0].snippet
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_searxng_adapter_allows_empty_api_key(monkeypatch):
+    config = WebSearchConfig(
+        enabled=True,
+        default_provider="searxng",
+        provider="searxng",
+        providers={
+            "searxng": WebSearchProviderConfig(
+                provider="searxng",
+                base_url="http://localhost:8080",
+                api_key="",
+            )
+        },
+    )
+    client = WebSearchClient(config)
+
+    async def fake_request_json(*args, **kwargs):
+        return {
+            "results": [
+                {
+                    "title": "TAIPEI-1",
+                    "url": "https://example.test/taipei",
+                    "content": "TAIPEI-1 is in Taipei.",
+                    "score": 2,
+                    "engine": "duckduckgo",
+                }
+            ],
+        }
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(client, "_request_json", fake_request_json)
+
+    results = await client.search("TAIPEI-1")
+
+    assert results[0].source_provider == "searxng"
+    assert results[0].metadata["engine"] == "duckduckgo"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_location_search_evidence_returns_failure_on_empty_results(monkeypatch):
+    class EmptySearchClient:
+        async def search(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            return []
+
+    result = await collect_location_search_evidence(
+        web_search_client=EmptySearchClient(),
+        query=LocationQuery(name="TAIPEI-1", country="Taiwan"),
+        entity_type="compute_center",
+    )
+
+    assert result.evidence == []
+    assert "no usable" in result.failure_reason
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_llm_location_fallback_skips_when_search_evidence_empty():
+    class ExplodingAIClient:
+        async def analyze(self, *_args, **_kwargs):
+            raise AssertionError("LLM should not be called without evidence")
+
+    result = await collect_llm_location_fallback_candidate(
+        provider_client=ExplodingAIClient(),
+        query=LocationQuery(name="TAIPEI-1", country="Taiwan"),
+        entity_type="compute_center",
+        search_evidence=[],
+    )
+
+    assert result.candidates == []
+    assert "no WebSearch evidence" in result.failure_reason
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_credential_guide_keeps_default_without_search_evidence():
+    class EmptySearchClient:
+        async def search(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            return []
+
+    class ExplodingAIClient:
+        async def analyze(self, *_args, **_kwargs):
+            raise AssertionError("AI should not be called without search evidence")
+
+    async def fake_get_store(_db):
+        return None, {}
+
+    import app.services.credential_guides as credential_guides
+
+    original = credential_guides._get_guide_store
+    credential_guides._get_guide_store = fake_get_store
+    try:
+        guide = await generate_credential_guide(
+            object(),
+            "barentswatch",
+            ExplodingAIClient(),
+            EmptySearchClient(),
+        )
+    finally:
+        credential_guides._get_guide_store = original
+
+    assert guide["source"] == "default"
+    assert guide["verification_status"] == "unverified_no_search_evidence"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_credential_guide_uses_search_evidence(monkeypatch):
+    class SearchClient:
+        async def search(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            from app.services.ai_tools.schemas import SearchEvidence
+
+            return [
+                SearchEvidence(
+                    title="Official docs",
+                    url="https://docs.example.test",
+                    snippet="Create an AIS client.",
+                    source_provider="tavily",
+                )
+            ]
+
+    class AIClient:
+        async def analyze(self, payload):
+            assert payload.context["search_evidence"]
+            return SimpleNamespace(content="## Generated\n\nSources included.")
+
+    saved = {}
+
+    async def fake_get_store(_db):
+        return None, saved
+
+    async def fake_save(db, provider, title, markdown, **metadata):
+        return {
+            "provider": provider,
+            "title": title,
+            "markdown": markdown,
+            "source": "ai",
+            **metadata,
+        }
+
+    import app.services.credential_guides as credential_guides
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(credential_guides, "_get_guide_store", fake_get_store)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(credential_guides, "save_credential_guide", fake_save)
+
+    guide = await generate_credential_guide(
+        object(),
+        "barentswatch",
+        AIClient(),
+        SearchClient(),
+    )
+
+    assert guide["source"] == "ai"
+    assert guide["verification_status"] == "verified_with_search_evidence"
+    assert guide["sources"][0]["url"] == "https://docs.example.test"

backend/tests/test_websocket_manager.py

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 import pytest
+import importlib
 
 from app.core.websocket.manager import ConnectionManager
+from app.core.websocket.broadcaster import DataBroadcaster
 
 
 class FakeWebSocket:
@@ -44,3 +46,93 @@ async def test_disconnect_removes_channel_subscriptions():
 
     assert socket.sent == []
     assert "dashboard" not in manager.channel_subscriptions
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_vessel_subscribers_receive_only_matching_bbox_updates():
+    manager = ConnectionManager()
+    oslo_socket = FakeWebSocket()
+    bergen_socket = FakeWebSocket()
+
+    await manager.connect(oslo_socket, "user-1")
+    await manager.connect(bergen_socket, "user-2")
+    manager.subscribe_vessels(
+        oslo_socket,
+        {"bbox": [10, 59, 11, 60], "zoom": 12, "limit": 1000},
+    )
+    manager.subscribe_vessels(
+        bergen_socket,
+        {"bbox": [5, 60, 6, 61], "zoom": 12, "limit": 1000},
+    )
+
+    await manager.broadcast_vessels(
+        {
+            "action": "upsert",
+            "vessels": [
+                {"mmsi": 1, "lat": 59.9, "lon": 10.7},
+                {"mmsi": 2, "lat": 60.3, "lon": 5.3},
+            ],
+        }
+    )
+
+    assert oslo_socket.sent[0]["payload"]["vessels"] == [{"mmsi": 1, "lat": 59.9, "lon": 10.7}]
+    assert bergen_socket.sent[0]["payload"]["vessels"] == [{"mmsi": 2, "lat": 60.3, "lon": 5.3}]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_vessel_broadcast_removes_slow_connections():
+    manager = ConnectionManager()
+
+    class BrokenWebSocket(FakeWebSocket):
+        async def send_json(self, message):
+            raise RuntimeError("client is gone")
+
+    socket = BrokenWebSocket()
+    await manager.connect(socket, "user-1")
+    manager.subscribe_vessels(socket, {"bbox": [10, 59, 11, 60], "zoom": 12})
+
+    await manager.broadcast_vessels({"vessels": [{"mmsi": 1, "lat": 59.9, "lon": 10.7}]})
+
+    assert socket not in manager.vessel_subscriptions
+
+
+def test_vessel_subscription_rejects_large_bbox():
+    manager = ConnectionManager()
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="bbox is too large"):
+        manager.subscribe_vessels(FakeWebSocket(), {"bbox": [-180, -90, 180, 90], "zoom": 1})
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_vessel_broadcaster_keeps_latest_update_per_mmsi(monkeypatch):
+    sent = []
+
+    async def fake_broadcast_vessels(payload):
+        sent.append(payload)
+
+    broadcaster_module = importlib.import_module("app.core.websocket.broadcaster")
+    monkeypatch.setattr(broadcaster_module.manager, "broadcast_vessels", fake_broadcast_vessels)
+    broadcaster = DataBroadcaster()
+    broadcaster.enqueue_vessel_update(
+        {
+            "source": "aisstream_vessels",
+            "vessels": [
+                {"mmsi": 1, "lat": 59.0, "lon": 10.0},
+                {"mmsi": 1, "lat": 59.1, "lon": 10.1},
+            ],
+        }
+    )
+
+    await broadcaster.flush_vessel_updates()
+
+    assert len(sent) == 1
+    assert sent[0]["vessels"] == [
+        {
+            "mmsi": 1,
+            "lat": 59.1,
+            "lon": 10.1,
+            "source": "aisstream_vessels",
+            "action": "upsert",
+            "created": None,
+        }
+    ]

deploy/helm/planet/Chart.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+apiVersion: v2
+name: planet
+description: Planet situational awareness platform
+type: application
+version: 0.1.0
+appVersion: "0.52.0"

deploy/helm/planet/templates/_helpers.tpl

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+{{- define "planet.name" -}}
+{{- default .Chart.Name .Values.nameOverride | trunc 63 | trimSuffix "-" -}}
+{{- end -}}
+
+{{- define "planet.fullname" -}}
+{{- if .Values.fullnameOverride -}}
+{{- .Values.fullnameOverride | trunc 63 | trimSuffix "-" -}}
+{{- else -}}
+{{- $name := include "planet.name" . -}}
+{{- if contains $name .Release.Name -}}
+{{- .Release.Name | trunc 63 | trimSuffix "-" -}}
+{{- else -}}
+{{- printf "%s-%s" .Release.Name $name | trunc 63 | trimSuffix "-" -}}
+{{- end -}}
+{{- end -}}
+{{- end -}}
+
+{{- define "planet.labels" -}}
+app.kubernetes.io/name: {{ include "planet.name" . }}
+app.kubernetes.io/instance: {{ .Release.Name }}
+app.kubernetes.io/version: {{ .Chart.AppVersion | quote }}
+app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: {{ .Release.Service }}
+helm.sh/chart: {{ .Chart.Name }}-{{ .Chart.Version | replace "+" "_" }}
+{{- end -}}
+
+{{- define "planet.selectorLabels" -}}
+app.kubernetes.io/name: {{ include "planet.name" . }}
+app.kubernetes.io/instance: {{ .Release.Name }}
+{{- end -}}
+
+{{- define "planet.image" -}}
+{{- printf "%s/%s/%s:%s" .root.Values.global.imageRegistry .root.Values.global.imageNamespace .repository .root.Values.image.tag -}}
+{{- end -}}

deploy/helm/planet/templates/aiprovider.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: {{ include "planet.fullname" . }}-aiprovider
+  labels:
+    {{- include "planet.labels" . | nindent 4 }}
+    app.kubernetes.io/component: aiprovider
+spec:
+  replicas: {{ .Values.aiprovider.replicaCount }}
+  selector:
+    matchLabels:
+      {{- include "planet.selectorLabels" . | nindent 6 }}
+      app.kubernetes.io/component: aiprovider
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        {{- include "planet.selectorLabels" . | nindent 8 }}
+        app.kubernetes.io/component: aiprovider
+    spec:
+      {{- with .Values.global.imagePullSecrets }}
+      imagePullSecrets:
+        {{- toYaml . | nindent 8 }}
+      {{- end }}
+      containers:
+        - name: aiprovider
+          image: {{ include "planet.image" (dict "root" . "repository" .Values.aiprovider.image.repository) | quote }}
+          imagePullPolicy: {{ .Values.image.pullPolicy }}
+          ports:
+            - name: http
+              containerPort: 8010
+          envFrom:
+            - configMapRef:
+                name: {{ include "planet.fullname" . }}-config
+            - secretRef:
+                name: {{ include "planet.fullname" . }}-secrets
+          readinessProbe:
+            httpGet:
+              path: /health
+              port: http
+            initialDelaySeconds: 10
+            periodSeconds: 10
+          livenessProbe:
+            httpGet:
+              path: /health
+              port: http
+            initialDelaySeconds: 30
+            periodSeconds: 20
+          resources:
+            {{- toYaml .Values.aiprovider.resources | nindent 12 }}
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: {{ include "planet.fullname" . }}-aiprovider
+  labels:
+    {{- include "planet.labels" . | nindent 4 }}
+    app.kubernetes.io/component: aiprovider
+spec:
+  type: ClusterIP
+  ports:
+    - name: http
+      port: {{ .Values.aiprovider.service.port }}
+      targetPort: http
+  selector:
+    {{- include "planet.selectorLabels" . | nindent 4 }}
+    app.kubernetes.io/component: aiprovider

deploy/helm/planet/templates/backend.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: {{ include "planet.fullname" . }}-backend
+  labels:
+    {{- include "planet.labels" . | nindent 4 }}
+    app.kubernetes.io/component: backend
+spec:
+  replicas: {{ .Values.backend.replicaCount }}
+  selector:
+    matchLabels:
+      {{- include "planet.selectorLabels" . | nindent 6 }}
+      app.kubernetes.io/component: backend
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        {{- include "planet.selectorLabels" . | nindent 8 }}
+        app.kubernetes.io/component: backend
+    spec:
+      {{- with .Values.global.imagePullSecrets }}
+      imagePullSecrets:
+        {{- toYaml . | nindent 8 }}
+      {{- end }}
+      containers:
+        - name: backend
+          image: {{ include "planet.image" (dict "root" . "repository" .Values.backend.image.repository) | quote }}
+          imagePullPolicy: {{ .Values.image.pullPolicy }}
+          ports:
+            - name: http
+              containerPort: 8000
+          envFrom:
+            - configMapRef:
+                name: {{ include "planet.fullname" . }}-config
+            - secretRef:
+                name: {{ include "planet.fullname" . }}-secrets
+          readinessProbe:
+            httpGet:
+              path: /health
+              port: http
+            initialDelaySeconds: 10
+            periodSeconds: 10
+          livenessProbe:
+            httpGet:
+              path: /health
+              port: http
+            initialDelaySeconds: 30
+            periodSeconds: 20
+          resources:
+            {{- toYaml .Values.backend.resources | nindent 12 }}
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: {{ include "planet.fullname" . }}-backend
+  labels:
+    {{- include "planet.labels" . | nindent 4 }}
+    app.kubernetes.io/component: backend
+spec:
+  type: ClusterIP
+  ports:
+    - name: http
+      port: {{ .Values.backend.service.port }}
+      targetPort: http
+  selector:
+    {{- include "planet.selectorLabels" . | nindent 4 }}
+    app.kubernetes.io/component: backend

deploy/helm/planet/templates/configmap.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+{{- $postgresHost := .Values.postgresql.external.host -}}
+{{- if .Values.postgresql.internal.enabled -}}
+{{- $postgresHost = printf "%s-postgresql" (include "planet.fullname" .) -}}
+{{- end -}}
+{{- $redisHost := .Values.redis.external.host -}}
+{{- if .Values.redis.internal.enabled -}}
+{{- $redisHost = printf "%s-redis" (include "planet.fullname" .) -}}
+{{- end -}}
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: {{ include "planet.fullname" . }}-config
+  labels:
+    {{- include "planet.labels" . | nindent 4 }}
+data:
+  DATABASE_URL: "postgresql+asyncpg://{{ .Values.postgresql.external.username }}:{{ .Values.postgresql.external.password }}@{{ $postgresHost }}:{{ .Values.postgresql.external.port }}/{{ .Values.postgresql.external.database }}"
+  REDIS_SERVER: {{ $redisHost | quote }}
+  REDIS_PORT: {{ .Values.redis.external.port | quote }}
+  REDIS_DB: {{ .Values.redis.external.db | quote }}
+  AI_BASE_URL: "http://{{ include "planet.fullname" . }}-aiprovider:{{ .Values.aiprovider.service.port }}"
+  AI_PROVIDER_API: "http://{{ include "planet.fullname" . }}-aiprovider:{{ .Values.aiprovider.service.port }}"
+  {{- range $key, $value := .Values.backend.env }}
+  {{ $key }}: {{ $value | quote }}
+  {{- end }}
+  {{- range $key, $value := .Values.aiprovider.env }}
+  {{ $key }}: {{ $value | quote }}
+  {{- end }}

deploy/helm/planet/templates/frontend.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: {{ include "planet.fullname" . }}-frontend
+  labels:
+    {{- include "planet.labels" . | nindent 4 }}
+    app.kubernetes.io/component: frontend
+spec:
+  replicas: {{ .Values.frontend.replicaCount }}
+  selector:
+    matchLabels:
+      {{- include "planet.selectorLabels" . | nindent 6 }}
+      app.kubernetes.io/component: frontend
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        {{- include "planet.selectorLabels" . | nindent 8 }}
+        app.kubernetes.io/component: frontend
+    spec:
+      {{- with .Values.global.imagePullSecrets }}
+      imagePullSecrets:
+        {{- toYaml . | nindent 8 }}
+      {{- end }}
+      containers:
+        - name: frontend
+          image: {{ include "planet.image" (dict "root" . "repository" .Values.frontend.image.repository) | quote }}
+          imagePullPolicy: {{ .Values.image.pullPolicy }}
+          ports:
+            - name: http
+              containerPort: 3000
+          readinessProbe:
+            httpGet:
+              path: /health
+              port: http
+            initialDelaySeconds: 5
+            periodSeconds: 10
+          livenessProbe:
+            httpGet:
+              path: /health
+              port: http
+            initialDelaySeconds: 20
+            periodSeconds: 20
+          resources:
+            {{- toYaml .Values.frontend.resources | nindent 12 }}
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: {{ include "planet.fullname" . }}-frontend
+  labels:
+    {{- include "planet.labels" . | nindent 4 }}
+    app.kubernetes.io/component: frontend
+spec:
+  type: ClusterIP
+  ports:
+    - name: http
+      port: {{ .Values.frontend.service.port }}
+      targetPort: http
+  selector:
+    {{- include "planet.selectorLabels" . | nindent 4 }}
+    app.kubernetes.io/component: frontend

deploy/helm/planet/templates/ingress.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+{{- if .Values.frontend.ingress.enabled }}
+apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
+kind: Ingress
+metadata:
+  name: {{ include "planet.fullname" . }}
+  labels:
+    {{- include "planet.labels" . | nindent 4 }}
+  {{- with .Values.frontend.ingress.annotations }}
+  annotations:
+    {{- toYaml . | nindent 4 }}
+  {{- end }}
+spec:
+  ingressClassName: {{ .Values.frontend.ingress.className | quote }}
+  {{- with .Values.frontend.ingress.tls }}
+  tls:
+    {{- toYaml . | nindent 4 }}
+  {{- end }}
+  rules:
+    - host: {{ .Values.frontend.ingress.host | quote }}
+      http:
+        paths:
+          - path: /
+            pathType: Prefix
+            backend:
+              service:
+                name: {{ include "planet.fullname" . }}-frontend
+                port:
+                  name: http
+{{- end }}

deploy/helm/planet/templates/secrets.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Secret
+metadata:
+  name: {{ include "planet.fullname" . }}-secrets
+  labels:
+    {{- include "planet.labels" . | nindent 4 }}
+type: Opaque
+stringData:
+  {{- range $key, $value := .Values.backend.secretEnv }}
+  {{ $key }}: {{ $value | quote }}
+  {{- end }}
+  {{- range $key, $value := .Values.aiprovider.secretEnv }}
+  {{ $key }}: {{ $value | quote }}
+  {{- end }}

deploy/helm/planet/templates/single-node-deps.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+{{- if .Values.postgresql.internal.enabled }}
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: StatefulSet
+metadata:
+  name: {{ include "planet.fullname" . }}-postgresql
+  labels:
+    {{- include "planet.labels" . | nindent 4 }}
+    app.kubernetes.io/component: postgresql
+spec:
+  serviceName: {{ include "planet.fullname" . }}-postgresql
+  replicas: 1
+  selector:
+    matchLabels:
+      {{- include "planet.selectorLabels" . | nindent 6 }}
+      app.kubernetes.io/component: postgresql
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        {{- include "planet.selectorLabels" . | nindent 8 }}
+        app.kubernetes.io/component: postgresql
+    spec:
+      containers:
+        - name: postgresql
+          image: postgres:15
+          ports:
+            - name: postgres
+              containerPort: 5432
+          env:
+            - name: POSTGRES_USER
+              value: {{ .Values.postgresql.external.username | quote }}
+            - name: POSTGRES_PASSWORD
+              value: {{ .Values.postgresql.external.password | quote }}
+            - name: POSTGRES_DB
+              value: {{ .Values.postgresql.external.database | quote }}
+          readinessProbe:
+            exec:
+              command: ["pg_isready", "-U", {{ .Values.postgresql.external.username | quote }}]
+            initialDelaySeconds: 5
+            periodSeconds: 10
+          volumeMounts:
+            - name: data
+              mountPath: /var/lib/postgresql/data
+  volumeClaimTemplates:
+    - metadata:
+        name: data
+      spec:
+        accessModes: ["ReadWriteOnce"]
+        resources:
+          requests:
+            storage: 8Gi
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: {{ include "planet.fullname" . }}-postgresql
+  labels:
+    {{- include "planet.labels" . | nindent 4 }}
+    app.kubernetes.io/component: postgresql
+spec:
+  ports:
+    - name: postgres
+      port: 5432
+      targetPort: postgres
+  selector:
+    {{- include "planet.selectorLabels" . | nindent 4 }}
+    app.kubernetes.io/component: postgresql
+{{- end }}
+{{- if .Values.redis.internal.enabled }}
+---
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: {{ include "planet.fullname" . }}-redis
+  labels:
+    {{- include "planet.labels" . | nindent 4 }}
+    app.kubernetes.io/component: redis
+spec:
+  replicas: 1
+  selector:
+    matchLabels:
+      {{- include "planet.selectorLabels" . | nindent 6 }}
+      app.kubernetes.io/component: redis
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        {{- include "planet.selectorLabels" . | nindent 8 }}
+        app.kubernetes.io/component: redis
+    spec:
+      containers:
+        - name: redis
+          image: redis:7-alpine
+          ports:
+            - name: redis
+              containerPort: 6379
+          readinessProbe:
+            exec:
+              command: ["redis-cli", "ping"]
+            initialDelaySeconds: 5
+            periodSeconds: 10
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: {{ include "planet.fullname" . }}-redis
+  labels:
+    {{- include "planet.labels" . | nindent 4 }}
+    app.kubernetes.io/component: redis
+spec:
+  ports:
+    - name: redis
+      port: 6379
+      targetPort: redis
+  selector:
+    {{- include "planet.selectorLabels" . | nindent 4 }}
+    app.kubernetes.io/component: redis
+{{- end }}

deploy/helm/planet/values.single-node.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+global:
+  imageRegistry: gitea.rclaw.top
+  imageNamespace: linkong/planet
+
+image:
+  tag: latest
+
+frontend:
+  ingress:
+    enabled: true
+    host: planet.local
+
+postgresql:
+  internal:
+    enabled: true
+  external:
+    host: planet-postgresql
+    port: 5432
+    database: planet_db
+    username: postgres
+    password: postgres
+
+redis:
+  internal:
+    enabled: true
+  external:
+    host: planet-redis
+    port: 6379
+    db: 0

deploy/helm/planet/values.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+global:
+  imageRegistry: gitea.rclaw.top
+  imageNamespace: linkong/planet
+  imagePullSecrets: []
+
+fullnameOverride: planet
+
+image:
+  tag: latest
+  pullPolicy: IfNotPresent
+
+frontend:
+  replicaCount: 1
+  image:
+    repository: frontend
+  service:
+    port: 3000
+  ingress:
+    enabled: true
+    className: nginx
+    host: planet.example.com
+    annotations: {}
+    tls: []
+  resources: {}
+
+backend:
+  replicaCount: 1
+  image:
+    repository: backend
+  service:
+    port: 8000
+  env:
+    PROJECT_NAME: Planet
+    CORS_ORIGINS: '["*"]'
+  secretEnv:
+    SECRET_KEY: change-me
+  resources: {}
+
+aiprovider:
+  replicaCount: 1
+  image:
+    repository: aiprovider
+  service:
+    port: 8010
+  env:
+    AI_PROVIDER: openai
+    AI_MODEL: gpt-4o-mini
+  secretEnv:
+    AI_API_KEY: ""
+  resources: {}
+
+postgresql:
+  internal:
+    enabled: false
+  external:
+    host: postgres.example.com
+    port: 5432
+    database: planet_db
+    username: postgres
+    password: postgres
+
+redis:
+  internal:
+    enabled: false
+  external:
+    host: redis.example.com
+    port: 6379
+    db: 0
+
+smoke:
+  frontendPath: /
+  backendHealthPath: /health
+  aiProviderHealthPath: /health

docs/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -8,6 +8,129 @@ This project follows the repository versioning rule:
 - `improvement` -> `+0.0.1`（bugfix + 小功能混合）
 - `bugfix` -> `+0.0.1`
 
+## [0.55.0] — 2026-05-13
+
+Released: 2026-05-13
+
+### Highlights
+- 新增 Earth 卫星真实高度显示开关，默认按 TLE/SGP4 真实轨道高度压缩分层，关闭后恢复旧版同层球面。
+- 将卫星轨迹显示保留在设置面板，并让轨迹、预测轨道和锁定视觉跟随真实高度开关即时刷新。
+- 修复 Earth 设置面板 switch 圆点垂直居中问题，并同步更新用户手册、FAQ 和 Earth 开发者文档。
+
+### Added / Fixed / Improved
+- 新增 `satelliteRealAltitudeEnabled` 本地偏好和真实高度压缩参数，保留 TLE 缺失/传播失败时的 fallback 固定高度。
+- 更新卫星渲染高度、轨迹、预测轨道和设置持久化链路，避免同一轨迹混入两套高度模型。
+- 补充中英文 manual、quickstart、FAQ、Earth frontend context、render order 和 layer style reference。
+
+---
+
+## [0.54.0] — 2026-05-13
+
+Released: 2026-05-13
+
+### Highlights
+- 新增 Earth 轨迹显示设置，将卫星轨迹从图层列表迁移到桌面与移动设置面板，便于独立控制轨迹线显示。
+- 优化卫星静止呼吸与低缩放圆点闪烁参数，让卫星态势视觉节奏更柔和、层次更清晰。
+- 更新算力中心图标资产，统一 Earth 交互图标在高分辨率显示下的视觉规格。
+
+### Added / Fixed / Improved
+- 新增轨迹显示偏好持久化，并在卫星图层不可用时同步禁用轨迹设置入口。
+- 调整卫星呼吸、透明度和 twinkle 参数，降低闪烁频率并增强可读性。
+- 将轨迹控制状态同步到桌面设置、移动设置和图层卡片刷新流程。
+
+---
+
+## [0.53.0] — 2026-05-13
+
+Released: 2026-05-13
+
+### Highlights
+- 新增正式交付基线：Gitea Actions CI、镜像发布、staging 自动部署，以及 Kubernetes Helm chart。
+- 前端生产镜像改为 `vite build` 静态产物 + nginx 托管，后端与 AI Provider 镜像移除开发 reload 并加入容器健康检查。
+- 明确 `planet.sh` 只作为开发启动入口，生产环境交给 Kubernetes Service、Ingress、readiness/liveness probe 和 rollout 管理。
+
+### Added / Fixed / Improved
+- 新增 frontend/backend/aiprovider 镜像 build smoke、Helm lint/template、staging rollout 与 HTTP smoke test 流水线。
+- 新增 Helm values、single-node 演示依赖、ConfigMap/Secret 引用、ClusterIP 服务和 frontend Ingress。
+- 更新运维文档与交付计划，保留 Vite 生产构建路线，不新增 Webpack 双构建链，Electron 暂不进入主线。
+- 继续收口启动脚本风险：状态目录、健康检查端口默认值、PID 校验、端口诊断和开发环境跨平台边界说明。
+
+---
+
+## [0.52.0] — 2026-05-12
+
+Released: 2026-05-12
+
+### Highlights
+- 新增邮箱验证码注册/找回密码链路、SMTP 设置面板和连接测试组件，补齐公开账号自助入口。
+- 重构 AIS 船只实时链路：新增受控船只 snapshot、WebSocket vessels 订阅、AISStream 长连接状态与节流广播。
+- 新增数据产品统计接口、受控 `/layers/*` 图层接口骨架，以及数据源产品域筛选和批量采集。
+
+### Added / Fixed / Improved
+- 新增 `/api/v1/data-products`、`/api/v1/layers/*` 和 `/api/v1/datasources/trigger-batch`，拆分全量统计与地图渲染数据。
+- 将 Earth 船只层迁移到 `/api/v1/vessels/snapshot`，并修正 vessels WebSocket 订阅 payload。
+- 更新中英文手册、采集器文档、运维手册和计划状态，覆盖注册、SMTP、AISStream、数据产品和图层保护流程。
+
+---
+
+## [0.51.1] — 2026-05-11
+
+Released: 2026-05-11
+
+### Highlights
+- 修复 Earth 静态资源引用方式，图标和国家边界数据改为模块相对 URL，避免部署路径变化时资源加载失败。
+- 将 Material Symbols Rounded 字体切换为本地资源，减少 Earth 页面首屏对外部字体服务的依赖。
+
+### Fixed
+- 修复 BGP 广播图标、算力中心图标和国家边界 GeoJSON 在非固定 `/earth` 路径下可能失效的问题。
+
+---
+
+## [0.51.0] — 2026-05-11
+
+Released: 2026-05-11
+
+### ✨ Highlights
+- 新增 AI Settings 控制台页面与 `backend/app/services/ai_tools/` 工具层，串通 Web Search Provider 与轻量 Agent orchestrator。
+- 重写 Earth 算力中心候选「预览 / 保存」交互：单一委托 click + 内存 candidate Map，新增空心呼吸圈预览，保存后即时生成正式图标，后台刷新失败不再误报为保存失败。
+- 重写动作捕捉 zoom 识别：mirror-safe 的 trend + pose hold 双通道，张开/合拢手势直接对应 zoom_in/out 并支持持续触发；单臂 rotate 仅在另一只手明确静止时才允许。
+
+### Improvements
+- 同步中英文 `earth-frontend-context.md`、`frontend-admin-frontend-context.md`、`faq.md`、`manual.md`、`quickstart.md`。
+- Earth 模块多处优化：bgp-cruise-adapter、interactable、satellites、presentation-controller、controls 调整与回归测试补全。
+
+---
+
+## [0.50.0] — 2026-05-10
+
+Released: 2026-05-10
+
+### ✨ Highlights
+- 新增 Earth 动作捕捉双通道控制：Browser Camera 本地识别与 Motion Agent WebSocket 高级接入，并补齐调试 HUD、骨架预览和手势冷却保护。
+- 新增 Motion 目标展示的 `PresentationController` 接入，动捕聚焦复用巡航卡片和 connector，同时保持 BGP/News 原巡航体验不变。
+- 扩展位置候选管线与 AI Provider 兜底，支持算力中心和 BGP 观测站候选采集、保存、待定位队列与 LLM factcheck。
+
+### Added / Fixed / Improved
+- 改进 `planet.sh`：支持可选 Motion Agent 启动、摄像头 index/URL 参数、WSL 摄像头引导、端口清理细化和 AI Provider/Motion 依赖自动处理。
+- Settings 与 Playground 支持多 provider AI 配置、密钥来源脱敏预览和运行时默认 provider 解析。
+- Docs 新增 FAQ 入口，并同步中英文手册、Earth 前端上下文、位置管线和启动脚本文档。
+- Earth 媒体面板记录直播/新闻 tab 状态，刷新后恢复用户上次选择。
+
+---
+
+## [0.49.0] — 2026-05-08
+
+Released: 2026-05-08
+
+### ✨ Features
+- 新增统一地理位置解析 Pipeline，支持 SourceCoordinates / Nominatim / Registry / Inherit 多策略链式 resolver。
+- 新增 BGP 采集站与算力中心地理定位服务（`bgp_collector_locations`、`compute_center_locations`、`bgp_event_locations`）。
+- 新增 Docs Gatekeeper 带鉴权文档 API（`/api/v1/docs`），按用户权限动态返回文档目录与内容。
+- 新增 Earth 全球新闻栏（`/api/v1/news/earth-feed`），根据地球视角坐标推断地区并聚合多源 RSS 信息流。
+- Earth 新增 Mobile 算力中心国家高亮（`mobile-center-country-highlight.js`）。
+
+---
+
 ## [0.48.0] — 2026-05-07
 
 Released: 2026-05-07

docs/documentation-coverage-rules.md

@@ -2,6 +2,16 @@
 
 This file contains Planet-specific documentation coverage rules. Documentation skills and agents should read this file before deciding which docs to update. Keep tool-specific workflow in skills; keep product and repository rules here.
 
+## Audience Routing (mandatory)
+
+Before deciding scope, classify the change by who performs the action:
+
+- **Browser/UI end user** (login, account settings, configuring collectors or AI via UI, using Earth/Console pages): update `docs/technical/{zh,en}/manual.md` and `quickstart.md` only. Never put shell commands, log file paths, `planet.sh`, Docker operations, or `netsh portproxy` rules into these files.
+- **Operations / deployment / on-call** (`planet.sh`, log paths, SMTP fallbacks like `createuser`, LAN/portproxy, env-var tuning, troubleshooting order, Bun build conventions): update `docs/technical/{zh,en}/ops-runbook.md` (or an existing `ops-*.md`). Never put UI button labels or screenshots into these files.
+- **Second-party developers** (component context, render order, internal pipelines): update the existing `*-context.md` / `backend-*.md` / `earth-*.md` files.
+
+If the same action has both a UI and a CLI path (e.g. user creation), describe the UI path in `manual.md` and the CLI path in `ops-runbook.md`, and cross-link them with a single sentence each.
+
 ## Scope Rules
 
 - User-visible workflow changes must update `docs/technical/zh/manual.md` and usually `docs/technical/zh/quickstart.md`.

docs/plans/README.md

@@ -25,11 +25,17 @@
 - [earth-real-terrain-plan.md](/home/ray/dev/linkong/planet/docs/plans/earth-real-terrain-plan.md)
 - [earth-news-source-configuration-and-collector-plan.md](/home/ray/dev/linkong/planet/docs/plans/earth-news-source-configuration-and-collector-plan.md)
 - [earth-news-cruise-summary-plan.md](/home/ray/dev/linkong/planet/docs/plans/earth-news-cruise-summary-plan.md)
+- [Earth 动作捕捉手势控制计划](/home/ray/dev/linkong/planet/docs/plans/earth-motion-capture-gesture-control-plan.md)
+- [Earth 动捕交互语义 V2 计划](/home/ray/dev/linkong/planet/docs/plans/earth-motion-gesture-interaction-v2-plan.md)
+- [Earth Presentation 解耦架构计划](/home/ray/dev/linkong/planet/docs/plans/earth-presentation-decoupled-architecture-plan.md)
 - [earth-vessel-rendering-performance-plan.md](/home/ray/dev/linkong/planet/docs/plans/earth-vessel-rendering-performance-plan.md)
 - [AIS 多源采集、冲突记录与聚合接口计划](/home/ray/dev/linkong/planet/docs/plans/earth-vessel-ais-aggregation-plan.md)
 - [earth-interactable-layer-plan.md](/home/ray/dev/linkong/planet/docs/plans/earth-interactable-layer-plan.md)
 - [frontend-public-docs-site-plan.md](/home/ray/dev/linkong/planet/docs/plans/frontend-public-docs-site-plan.md)
+- [Docs Gatekeeper 鉴权系统计划](/home/ray/dev/linkong/planet/docs/plans/docs-gatekeeper-auth-plan.md)
+- [Location Resolver 共享管线计划](/home/ray/dev/linkong/planet/docs/plans/location-resolver-shared-pipeline-plan.md)
 - [frontend-ai-playground-development-plan.md](/home/ray/dev/linkong/planet/docs/plans/frontend-ai-playground-development-plan.md)
+- [Lightweight Agent Orchestrator 与 WebSearch 证据层计划](/home/ray/dev/linkong/planet/docs/plans/agents-light-orchestrator-websearch-plan.md)
 - [ue5-mvp-fused-plan.md](/home/ray/dev/linkong/planet/docs/plans/ue5-mvp-fused-plan.md)
 
 不适合放入这里的内容：

docs/plans/agents-light-orchestrator-websearch-plan.md

@@ -0,0 +1,618 @@
+# Lightweight Agent Orchestrator and WebSearch Evidence Plan
+
+## Overview
+
+Planet should not turn `aiprovider` into a general-purpose agent runtime.
+
+`aiprovider` should remain the model gateway:
+
+- provider compatibility
+- protocol adaptation
+- model authentication
+- request and response normalization
+
+Agent behavior belongs in the backend, where Planet already owns business state,
+permissions, persistence, evidence records, and operator workflows.
+
+The recommended direction is a lightweight backend Agent Orchestrator with a
+controlled tool layer. The first version should use fixed workflows instead of a
+free-form tool-calling loop.
+
+
+## Architecture Decision
+
+Use this boundary:
+
+```text
+aiprovider = model adapter only
+backend Agent = task orchestration + tools + evidence + policy + business rules
+```
+
+This keeps model transport separate from Planet-specific behavior. It also lets
+OpenAI, MiniMax, Anthropic-compatible providers, Ollama, and later providers all
+reuse the same backend tools.
+
+Recommended module shape:
+
+```text
+backend/app/services/
+  ai/
+    agent_orchestrator.py
+    tool_registry.py
+    prompts.py
+    schemas.py
+  ai_tools/
+    web_search.py
+    web_fetch.py
+    geo_resolve.py
+    internal_data_query.py
+    incident_query.py
+    evidence_store.py
+  situation/
+    bgp_analyzer.py
+    risk_scoring.py
+    event_correlator.py
+    alert_policy.py
+
+aiprovider/
+  provider_service.py
+  main.py
+```
+
+
+## Phase 1: Controlled Workflow Agent
+
+The first implementation should not be a full OpenClaw/Codex-style agent loop.
+Planet's immediate needs are better served by explicit workflows:
+
+1. `tutorial_refresh`
+2. `geo_correction`
+3. `situation_brief`
+
+Each workflow should:
+
+1. collect evidence with backend tools
+2. normalize and store evidence
+3. call `AIProviderClient` through the configured global provider/model/key
+4. validate the result with Pydantic schemas
+5. return a proposal, candidate, or brief instead of directly mutating critical state
+
+For location correction, the flow should be:
+
+```text
+object name / type / current coordinate / description
+  -> web_search
+  -> web_fetch for selected results
+  -> geo_resolve for city/site coordinates
+  -> LLM structured extraction
+  -> schema validation and confidence scoring
+  -> pending review candidate
+```
+
+The LLM output must be constrained to a schema such as:
+
+```json
+{
+  "object_id": "string",
+  "object_type": "datacenter|ixp|submarine_cable|asn|city|facility|satellite",
+  "current_location": {
+    "lat": 0,
+    "lon": 0
+  },
+  "suggested_location": {
+    "lat": 0,
+    "lon": 0
+  },
+  "confidence": 0.82,
+  "reason": "short evidence-backed explanation",
+  "evidence": [
+    {
+      "title": "source title",
+      "url": "https://example.com/source",
+      "quote": "short supporting excerpt",
+      "retrieved_at": "2026-05-10T00:00:00Z"
+    }
+  ],
+  "needs_human_review": true
+}
+```
+
+The LLM may generate a suggestion, but it must not directly write final
+coordinates into the dimension tables.
+
+
+## Phase 2: Backend Tool Registry
+
+Add a small Python tool interface in the backend:
+
+```python
+class ToolResult(BaseModel):
+    ok: bool
+    data: Any = None
+    error: str | None = None
+    evidence: list[dict] = []
+```
+
+Register tools through a backend registry:
+
+```text
+web_search
+web_fetch
+geo_resolve
+internal_data_query
+incident_query
+evidence_store
+```
+
+Do not put WebSearch inside `aiprovider`.
+
+Reasons:
+
+- search is a business tool, not a model-provider feature
+- search evidence must be stored and audited by the backend
+- different LLM providers should share the same search pipeline
+- Planet may switch between Tavily, Brave, Exa, SearXNG, or MiniMax MCP without
+  changing model transport
+
+The first WebSearch implementation should be an HTTP evidence provider. Tavily is
+the recommended first default because it is simple to call from the existing
+`httpx` backend stack and returns LLM/RAG-friendly search results. The interface
+should remain provider-neutral so Brave, Exa, SearXNG, or MiniMax MCP can be
+added later.
+
+WebSearch configuration should live under PostgreSQL `system_settings` with the
+rest of external integrations:
+
+```text
+external_integrations.web_search
+  enabled
+  provider
+  api_key
+  base_url
+  max_results
+  timeout_seconds
+```
+
+Secret resolution should follow the existing settings pattern:
+
+1. saved PostgreSQL secret
+2. provider-specific environment variable, for example `TAVILY_API_KEY`
+3. generic fallback `WEB_SEARCH_API_KEY`
+
+### Common WebSearch Providers
+
+The first implementation should model WebSearch as a provider-specific adapter
+behind one internal interface:
+
+```text
+SearchEvidenceProvider.search(query, max_results, domains, freshness_days)
+  -> list[SearchEvidence]
+```
+
+Recommended provider ids and environment variables:
+
+| Provider | Provider id | Env key | Default base URL | Primary use |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| Tavily | `tavily` | `TAVILY_API_KEY` | `https://api.tavily.com` | Default hosted search for agent/RAG style results |
+| Brave Search API | `brave` | `BRAVE_SEARCH_API_KEY` | `https://api.search.brave.com` | Independent web index and low-level SERP results |
+| SerpAPI | `serpapi` | `SERPAPI_API_KEY` | `https://serpapi.com` | Search-engine-backed SERP data with engine options |
+| Exa | `exa` | `EXA_API_KEY` | `https://api.exa.ai` | Neural/semantic web search and result contents |
+| Firecrawl Search / Scrape | `firecrawl` | `FIRECRAWL_API_KEY` | `https://api.firecrawl.dev` | Search plus page scrape/markdown extraction |
+| SearXNG | `searxng` | optional `SEARXNG_API_KEY` | self-hosted instance URL | Self-hosted metasearch when external search APIs are undesirable |
+
+The normalized configuration should support per-provider defaults while keeping
+one active provider:
+
+```text
+external_integrations.web_search
+  enabled: true
+  default_provider: tavily
+  providers:
+    tavily:
+      base_url: https://api.tavily.com
+      api_key: <secret>
+      max_results: 5
+      search_depth: basic
+      include_answer: false
+      include_raw_content: false
+    brave:
+      base_url: https://api.search.brave.com
+      api_key: <secret>
+      endpoint_path: /res/v1/web/search
+      max_results: 5
+    serpapi:
+      base_url: https://serpapi.com
+      api_key: <secret>
+      endpoint_path: /search.json
+      engine: google
+      max_results: 5
+    exa:
+      base_url: https://api.exa.ai
+      api_key: <secret>
+      endpoint_path: /search
+      max_results: 5
+      include_text: false
+    firecrawl:
+      base_url: https://api.firecrawl.dev
+      api_key: <secret>
+      search_path: /v2/search
+      scrape_path: /v2/scrape
+      max_results: 5
+      scrape_formats: [markdown]
+    searxng:
+      base_url: http://localhost:8080
+      api_key: <optional secret>
+      endpoint_path: /
+      max_results: 5
+      categories: general
+      engines: []
+```
+
+Adapter notes:
+
+- Tavily should call `/search` and normalize title, URL, snippet/content, score,
+  and optional raw content.
+- Brave should call `/res/v1/web/search` and map web results into the same
+  `SearchEvidence` shape.
+- SerpAPI should call `/search.json`, pass `engine`, and normalize organic
+  results. Search-engine-specific fields should remain in provider metadata.
+- Exa should call `/search`; optional result text should be treated as fetched
+  content only when enabled.
+- Firecrawl can be used both as `web_search` and `web_fetch`: `/v2/search`
+  returns result URLs/descriptions and may include scrape options, while
+  `/v2/scrape` can produce markdown for a selected URL.
+- SearXNG should query the configured instance with `q` and `format=json`.
+  Public instances should not be assumed reliable for production; a controlled
+  self-hosted instance is preferred.
+
+The settings UI should expose only provider, base URL, key, max results, and a
+test button in the first version. Provider-specific advanced fields can stay
+collapsed or backend-only until a real workflow needs them.
+
+### Frontend Configuration Window
+
+Add a WebSearch configuration panel to the existing settings page, next to the
+LLM provider configuration. It should behave like the current AI provider secret
+controls: clear configured state, masked preview, explicit show/hide, test
+connection, and save feedback.
+
+First-version visible fields:
+
+```text
+WebSearch Provider
+API Base URL
+API Key
+Max Results
+Timeout Seconds
+Enable WebSearch
+Test Connection
+Save
+```
+
+Provider dropdown options:
+
+```text
+Tavily
+Brave Search API
+SerpAPI
+Exa
+Firecrawl Search / Scrape
+SearXNG
+```
+
+Field behavior:
+
+- Switching provider loads that provider's saved config and masked key preview.
+- Empty key input means keep the existing saved or environment key.
+- Typing a new key replaces only the selected provider's key.
+- Show key reveals the full current input value when the backend reveal endpoint
+  allows it; hide key returns to the prefix-preserving masked preview.
+- The configured badge should only show `已配置` or `未配置`, not repeat the
+  masked key text.
+- `Test Connection` sends the current unsaved draft to the backend and should
+  not require a separate save first.
+- A successful test may save the draft as the new WebSearch default only if the
+  API endpoint is explicitly designed to mirror the AI provider test behavior.
+  Otherwise, test should be read-only and the Save button should persist.
+- Save success and test success must show visible feedback. Failures should show
+  provider-specific but secret-safe error messages.
+
+Provider-specific UI hints:
+
+| Provider | UI hint |
+| --- | --- |
+| Tavily | Good default for agent/RAG style search. |
+| Brave Search API | Uses Brave's independent search index. |
+| SerpAPI | Supports search-engine-specific parameters such as `engine`. |
+| Exa | Good for semantic search and optional result text. |
+| Firecrawl | Can search and scrape pages into markdown. |
+| SearXNG | Requires a reachable self-hosted or trusted instance URL. |
+
+Advanced fields can live in a collapsed section:
+
+```text
+Endpoint Path
+Search Depth
+Engine
+Categories
+Engines
+Include Raw Content
+Scrape Formats
+Domain Allowlist
+```
+
+The first version should keep the UI conservative. It should not expose every
+provider knob until backend workflows use those knobs.
+
+### Web Fetch and Page Extraction
+
+`web_fetch` is separate from `web_search`. Search finds candidate URLs; fetch
+turns selected pages into clean, citable evidence.
+
+Recommended extraction chain:
+
+```text
+1. plain httpx fetch
+2. trafilatura extraction for static HTML
+3. readability extraction as secondary cleanup
+4. Playwright fetch only for allowlisted JS-heavy pages
+5. Firecrawl scrape as hosted fallback when configured
+```
+
+Implementation guidance:
+
+- Use `trafilatura` as the first local extractor because it is Python-native and
+  matches the backend stack.
+- Prefer a Python readability implementation for local cleanup. Do not introduce
+  a Node-only readability dependency for backend fetch.
+- Use Playwright sparingly for JavaScript-rendered pages. It should have domain
+  allowlists, low concurrency, strict timeouts, response size limits, and no
+  automatic form submission or login behavior.
+- Store `content_hash`, `retrieved_at`, final URL, title, extracted text
+  preview, and extractor name in `ai_evidence`.
+- Keep short quotes for UI review, but do not store huge page bodies directly in
+  every task record. Large extracted content should be truncated or stored once
+  by hash.
+
+The local/self-hosted stack should look like this:
+
+```text
+SearXNG
+  -> SearchEvidence URLs
+  -> httpx fetch
+  -> trafilatura / readability
+  -> Playwright only when static extraction fails and the domain is allowed
+  -> normalized evidence
+  -> LLM structured output through AIProviderClient
+```
+
+This route gives Planet a lower-cost and more controllable search path, while
+hosted providers remain available when search quality or maintenance effort
+matters more than self-hosting.
+
+
+## Phase 3: Limited Agent Loop
+
+After the fixed workflows are stable, the backend can add a limited agent loop:
+
+```text
+LLM sees an allowed tool list
+  -> LLM requests a tool call
+  -> backend validates and executes the tool
+  -> tool result is added to context
+  -> LLM continues
+  -> final structured output after at most N steps
+```
+
+Guardrails:
+
+- max tool steps: 3 to 5
+- only read-only tools may run automatically
+- writes go to pending review first
+- all web evidence must be persisted
+- all final outputs must pass schema validation
+- prompts must include explicit evidence boundaries
+
+Permission levels:
+
+```text
+L0: pure analysis, no tools
+L1: read-only tools, web_search / web_fetch / internal_query
+L2: proposal generation, write pending review records
+L3: low-risk notifications and briefs
+L4: database mutation or alert triggering, human confirmation required
+```
+
+
+## Situational Awareness Boundary
+
+Planet's situational-awareness layer should not rely on the LLM as the primary
+risk engine.
+
+Use deterministic analysis for:
+
+- anomaly type
+- affected prefixes
+- affected ASNs
+- geographic scope
+- duration
+- severity score
+- confidence
+- related events
+- raw evidence
+
+Use the LLM for:
+
+- readable summaries
+- risk explanation
+- likely impact narrative
+- next recommended actions
+- missing data requests
+
+In short:
+
+```text
+deterministic services compute the score
+LLM explains the evidence and options
+```
+
+Proactive alerts should be triggered by deterministic rules or scheduled jobs,
+then optionally summarized by the Agent Orchestrator.
+
+
+## Persistence Model
+
+Add lightweight persistence for auditability:
+
+```text
+ai_tasks
+  id
+  task_type
+  status
+  input_json
+  output_json
+  model
+  created_at
+  finished_at
+  error
+
+ai_evidence
+  id
+  task_id
+  source_type
+  title
+  url
+  snippet
+  content_hash
+  retrieved_at
+  credibility_score
+
+ai_briefs
+  id
+  brief_type
+  severity
+  title
+  summary
+  evidence_ids
+  related_entity_ids
+  created_at
+  acknowledged_at
+
+ai_location_suggestions
+  id
+  object_type
+  object_id
+  old_lat
+  old_lon
+  new_lat
+  new_lon
+  confidence
+  reason
+  evidence_ids
+  status
+```
+
+The tables can be introduced incrementally. The first implementation may start
+with `ai_tasks` and `ai_evidence`, then add specialized tables when the UI needs
+review queues and acknowledgement state.
+
+
+## MVP Scope
+
+The MVP should deliver three fixed capabilities:
+
+### 1. Tutorial Refresh
+
+Input:
+
+- provider or tutorial topic
+- current tutorial text
+- known stale point, when available
+
+Tools:
+
+- `web_search`
+- `web_fetch`
+
+Output:
+
+- updated Markdown
+- source list
+- verification status
+
+### 2. Geo Correction
+
+Input:
+
+- object id
+- object name
+- object type
+- current coordinates
+- source description
+
+Tools:
+
+- `web_search`
+- `web_fetch`
+- `geo_resolve`
+
+Output:
+
+- `LocationCorrection` JSON
+- evidence list
+- pending review candidate
+
+### 3. Situation Brief
+
+Input:
+
+- anomaly event
+- deterministic findings
+- internal data summary
+
+Tools:
+
+- `internal_data_query`
+- optional `web_search`
+
+Output:
+
+- `SituationBrief` JSON
+- risk explanation
+- recommended actions
+- missing evidence list
+
+
+## Test Plan
+
+Backend tests:
+
+- WebSearch settings persist to `system_settings` and mask secrets in API responses.
+- Env fallback resolves provider-specific keys before `WEB_SEARCH_API_KEY`.
+- WebSearch provider normalizes success, empty results, 401, 429, and timeout responses.
+- `tutorial_refresh` uses evidence when available and marks output unverified when no evidence exists.
+- `geo_correction` returns pending review candidates and never writes final coordinates directly.
+- `situation_brief` accepts deterministic findings and returns schema-valid summaries.
+- Agent outputs fail closed when schema validation fails.
+
+Frontend tests:
+
+- WebSearch settings card shows configured state, masked key, connection test result, and save feedback.
+- Candidate review UI can display evidence links and pending location suggestions.
+- Situation brief UI can show evidence-backed summaries without exposing raw secrets.
+
+Regression tests:
+
+- existing `aiprovider` status and analysis calls remain unchanged
+- current LLM provider configuration remains the global model source
+- location pipeline tests continue to pass
+- datasource credential guide tests continue to pass
+
+
+## Assumptions
+
+- `aiprovider` remains model-adapter-only.
+- Backend tools are implemented directly in Python first; MCP support is optional and later.
+- Search is evidence collection, not model transport.
+- Writes to important domain tables require human confirmation.
+- Deterministic analysis owns risk scores; LLM output is explanatory and evidence-backed.

docs/plans/data-products-layer-guard-redesign-plan.md

@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+# 数据产品流水线、数据源批量运维与抗击穿图层接口计划
+
+## Summary
+
+前端展示分两类数据：
+
+- **图层数据**：按 viewport、bbox、zoom、limit 返回，可降级、截断、缓存，用来保护服务器。
+- **聚合面板统计**：必须是全量统计，不受当前 viewport 限制，但不能实时扫全表；通过产品状态表或预计算统计提供。
+
+也就是说：地图上低 zoom 可以只画摘要或局部数据，但面板里的“总船只数、总海缆数、BGP 活跃事件数、卫星数”等应该代表全局数据产品状态。
+
+## Implementation Status
+
+- 已新增 `POST /api/v1/datasources/trigger-batch`，支持按选中 `source_ids` 或筛选条件批量触发，并返回 `triggered/skipped/failed`。
+- 已改造 `/datasources` 页面，支持产品域、层级、启用状态、最近执行状态、是否已有数据和关键词筛选，并支持复选框批量采集。
+- 已新增 `/api/v1/data-products` 和 `/api/v1/data-products/{product_id}/status`，聚合面板可以读取全量/全局统计口径。
+- 已新增 `/api/v1/layers/*` 受控图层接口骨架，要求 `bbox/zoom/limit`，响应包含 `visible_count/returned_count/diagnostics`。
+- 非船只图层当前先复用已有 GeoJSON 转换再做保护层；下一步应把 cables/BGP/satellites 的 bbox 过滤继续下推到各自产品查询，避免转换前仍加载过多候选。
+
+## Key Changes
+
+- 新增数据产品状态/统计层：
+  - 每个产品维护全量统计：总实体数、活跃数、最近更新时间、使用源、缺失源、冲突数、构建状态。
+  - 统计在采集成功或产品投影完成后更新，不在用户打开页面时临时全表聚合。
+  - 前端聚合面板统一读取产品统计接口，而不是从图层返回量推断总数。
+- 新增接口：
+  - `GET /api/v1/data-products`
+  - `GET /api/v1/data-products/{product_id}/status`
+  - `GET /api/v1/layers/{product}/...`
+  - `POST /api/v1/datasources/trigger-batch`
+- `/layers/*` 只负责可视化数据：
+  - 支持 bbox、zoom、limit、since。
+  - 可以返回 `degraded`、`truncated`、`cache_hit`。
+  - 返回 `visible_count` 和 `returned_count`，但不作为全量统计来源。
+- `/data-products/*/status` 负责全量统计：
+  - 返回 `total_count`、`active_count`、`source_counts`、`last_built_at`、`health`。
+  - 数据来自预计算状态或轻量索引统计。
+  - 即使图层降级，统计也保持全量口径。
+
+## Product Processing
+
+- 船只：
+  - 图层：bbox snapshot + WS 聚合流，受限返回。
+  - 统计：全量唯一 MMSI、最近窗口活跃 MMSI、AISStream/BarentsWatch/source counts。
+- 海缆：
+  - 图层：viewport 内 cable segments/landing points，低 zoom 可简化路线。
+  - 统计：全量 cable count、landing point count、relation count、graph 构建状态。
+  - 处理：专用 cable graph assembler，区分路线源、登陆点源、关系源、补充源，不使用统一字段融合函数。
+- BGP：
+  - 图层：active incidents/anomalies/collectors，按窗口和 limit 返回。
+  - 统计：全量活跃事件、最近 24h/7d 事件数、collector 数、incident/anomaly 分布。
+  - 处理：专用事件流水线，区分 observation、anomaly、incident、geo hint、infrastructure inference。
+- 卫星：
+  - 图层：可见卫星或受控 limit。
+  - 统计：全量卫星数、最新 TLE epoch、源覆盖情况。
+  - 处理：按 NORAD id 生成轨道快照，TLE epoch 最新优先。
+
+## Data Source Page
+
+- 增加筛选：
+  - 产品类型、启用/禁用、最近成功/失败/运行中/未执行、已采集/未采集、凭证状态、文本搜索。
+- 增加复选框批量操作：
+  - 批量启用、禁用、采集、强制采集。
+  - 一键采集改为：采集全部启用源、采集筛选结果、采集选中源。
+- 后端 batch 逻辑：
+  - 禁用源 skipped。
+  - 运行中源按 force 处理。
+  - 单个失败不影响其他源。
+  - 返回 `triggered`、`skipped`、`failed`，并包含每个 source 的原因和 task_id。
+
+## Protection Rules
+
+- 所有 `/layers/*` 接口必须有保护层：
+  - limit clamp。
+  - bbox/zoom 校验。
+  - 低 zoom 降级。
+  - 短 TTL 缓存。
+  - 慢查询超时。
+  - diagnostics 返回降级原因。
+- 全量统计不走图层查询：
+  - 不允许为了面板统计在请求时 `.all()` 全量加载。
+  - 统计由采集/投影任务异步更新。
+  - 统计缺失时返回 `unknown` 或 `stale`，不触发重型实时计算。
+- 缓存失效规则：
+  - 采集成功后失效对应产品缓存。
+  - 海缆 graph cache 在路线、登陆点或关系源成功采集后失效。
+  - BGP incident/anomaly 生成后失效 BGP layer cache。
+  - 船只实时流使用短 TTL 或 viewport 级缓存，不清全局缓存。
+- 接口观测：
+  - 记录每个 layer endpoint 的耗时、返回数量、是否降级、是否缓存命中、limit 是否被 clamp。
+  - 对高频 viewport 请求增加简单 per-IP 或 per-user rate limit。
+
+## Frontend UX
+
+- 数据源页：
+  - 顶部统计可作为快捷筛选入口：全部、启用、禁用、运行中、失败、未采集。
+  - 表格左侧增加复选框。
+  - 工具栏显示“已选择 N 个”，并提供批量按钮。
+  - 筛选结果和选中结果分清楚，避免误触发全部源。
+  - 批量采集完成后弹出摘要：触发、跳过、失败数量，可展开查看原因。
+- 设置/配置页：
+  - “采集器设置”改为“数据产品配置”。
+  - 产品内按源角色分组展示，而不是简单列出 collector。
+  - 海缆显示路线源、登陆点源、关系源、补充源。
+  - BGP 显示实时观测源、历史回填源、地理 hint 源、检测输出。
+  - 船只显示实时 AIS、轮询 AIS、自定义补充源。
+- Earth 图层交互：
+  - 聚合面板统计读取 `/data-products/*/status`，保持全量口径。
+  - 图层面板展示当前图层是否降级、截断、缓存命中。
+  - 对象详情展示来源证据：
+    - 船只：字段来源、冲突。
+    - 海缆：路线源、登陆点源、关系源。
+    - BGP：事件证据、分组依据、地理推断依据。
+  - 产品 degraded 时仍显示可用部分，并提示缺失源角色。
+
+## Test Plan
+
+- 图层接口：
+  - 大 limit 被 clamp。
+  - 低 zoom 降级。
+  - 大数据集不全量内存过滤。
+  - diagnostics 正确说明截断、缓存、降级。
+- 全量统计：
+  - 面板统计不受 bbox 影响。
+  - 图层返回 1000 条时，产品统计仍显示全量总数。
+  - 统计陈旧时返回 `stale=true` 和 `last_built_at`。
+  - 采集成功后对应产品统计刷新。
+- 数据源批量：
+  - 筛选、选中、批量采集行为正确。
+  - skipped/failed/triggered 分组正确。
+  - 禁用源在 batch 中被 skipped。
+  - 运行中源按 force 参数处理。
+  - batch 单源失败不阻断整体。
+- 产品处理：
+  - 海缆缺 relation 时产品状态 degraded，但 cable layer 可用。
+  - BGP observation 不直接变成前端 marker，必须经过 anomaly/incident 投影。
+  - 船只 bbox snapshot 和 WS 节流继续有效。
+  - 卫星列表不返回无限轨道点。
+
+## Assumptions
+
+- 前端聚合面板以后只读 `/data-products/*/status`。
+- 地图图层只读 `/layers/*`。
+- 统计可以短暂 stale，但不能因实时全量统计击穿服务器。
+- 保留现有 collector，不为了重构而删除 BarentsWatch 或其他源。
+- 当前开发阶段允许前端从旧 `/visualization/geo/*` 迁移到 `/layers/*`。

docs/plans/docs-audience-split-plan.md

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+# 文档受众分层重构计划
+
+**状态**：待实施
+**创建日期**：2026-05-12
+**核心目标**：把 `docs/technical/{zh,en}/manual.md` 拆成"纯客户视角"的使用手册，把 `planet.sh`、日志、LAN、故障排查这类运维内容迁到独立 `ops-runbook.md`，并把分层规则写进 `documentation-coverage-rules.md` 和 `.claude/commands/docs.md`，让以后写文档时自动按受众归档。
+
+## 背景
+
+当前 `manual.md` 把客户实际使用和开发/运维操作混在一份文档里：开头 200 多行讲的是 `planet.sh start/stop/restart/log/health/createuser/--allow-lan`、AI Provider 镜像构建、`netsh portproxy` 和故障排查顺序，后面才进入 Earth、控制台、AI、Docs 这些客户真正会用到的功能。
+
+客户读到一半会被 shell 命令吓住，开发者想找运维细节又要在大段 UI 操作里翻。`documentation-coverage-rules.md` 现在也没有受众分层规则，未来文档继续混着写。
+
+本计划假定客户已经能拿到账号登录使用 — 注册/验证流程本身见 [用户公开注册与邮箱验证计划](/home/ray/dev/linkong/planet/docs/plans/user-registration-email-verification-plan.md)。
+
+## 新的文档地形
+
+| 文档 | 受众 | Gatekeeper 组 | 范围 |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| `manual.md` (zh+en) | 纯客户/最终用户 | `public` | 注册、登录、账户、设置 UI、collector 配置、AI 配置、Console 页面、Earth、Docs 浏览 |
+| `quickstart.md` (zh+en) | 纯客户 | `public` | "我刚拿到 Planet 怎么开始用" — 打开 URL → 注册 → 验证 → 登录 → 第一次配置 |
+| `ops-runbook.md` (zh+en, **新增**) | 运维/部署人员 | `docs_admin` | `planet.sh` 完整命令、健康检查、日志位置、LAN/portproxy、故障排查顺序、createuser CLI、Bun 构建约定 |
+| `ops-planet-sh-startup.md` (已存在) | 运维 | `docs_admin` | 启动性能、AI Provider 镜像、`PLANET_LOAD_ZSHRC_ENV` 深度调优 — 保持不动 |
+| 现有 `*-context.md` / `backend-*.md` | 二次开发者 | `docs_developer` | 保持现状 |
+
+`backend-system-service-control.md` 偏后端服务控制原理，**不**和 `ops-runbook.md` 重复 — runbook 讲"运维要敲什么命令"，service-control 讲"后端怎么实现服务管控"。
+
+## manual.md 重写后的章节顺序（客户旅程）
+
+1. **欢迎与入口** — Planet 是什么、几个入口（Earth 公开 / Console 需登录 / Docs / API）
+2. **注册账户** — 打开 `/login` → 点"注册" → 填用户名/邮箱/密码 → 收邮件 → 输入 6 位验证码 → 登录
+3. **登录与找回密码** — 登录页、忘记密码流程
+4. **账户设置** — 修改密码、修改邮箱（需重新验证）、查看权限组、登出
+5. **Console 总览** — 左侧菜单结构、各路由用途
+6. **配置数据采集器** — `/settings?tab=collector_credentials`：选择 collector、连接测试、保存凭证；BarentsWatch / AISStream 两个典型例子
+7. **配置 AI 凭证** — `/ai?tab=providers`：默认 provider、模型、Base URL、API Key、本地代理；工具 tab（WebSearch、OCR）
+8. **系统设置** — `/settings` 其他子 tab（系统设置、电视直播源、SMTP 邮件）
+9. **用户管理（管理员）** — `/users`：创建、删除、改角色、Gatekeeper 权限组
+10. **数据探索** — `/datasources`、`/data`、`/bgp`、`/alerts/*`
+11. **AI 测试台** — `/ai?tab=playground`
+12. **Earth 公开页面** — 现 manual.md 的 Earth 章节原样保留（图层、图例、搜索、位置候选、设置、视角、动捕、巡航、移动端）
+13. **Docs 文档站** — 当前 Docs 章节保留（权限组说明）
+
+不再出现：`planet.sh`、`./planet.sh log`、`netsh portproxy`、`source ~/.zshrc && bun run build`、"故障排查顺序"、"开发命令约定"。
+
+## quickstart.md 重写
+
+当前 quickstart 假设读者会自己 `git clone` 然后 `./planet.sh start`，这是给开发者看的。改为：
+
+- 打开管理员给你的 URL
+- 注册账号 + 邮箱验证
+- 登录后第一次做什么（建议先到 `/settings?tab=collector_credentials` 配一个 collector，再到 `/ai` 配模型）
+- 看 Earth
+
+部署/开发的 quickstart 内容并入 `ops-runbook.md` 的"首次部署"小节，**不**再单独出 `ops-quickstart.md`，避免新增维护点。
+
+## ops-runbook.md 内容大纲
+
+抽自现 manual.md，重新组织：
+
+1. 首次启动 — `./planet.sh start`、默认账号（`admin/admin123`、`linkong/12345678`，引用 `b15d097b` 引入的 `DEFAULT_LOGIN_USERS`）
+2. 启停与按模块重启 — `start/stop/restart` 及 `-b -f -a -d`
+3. 健康检查 — `./planet.sh health`
+4. 日志 — `./planet.sh log` 及 `-f -b -a`，日志文件路径
+5. 创建用户（CLI 兜底）— `./planet.sh createuser`；说明这是公开注册不可用（SMTP 未配置）时的兜底
+6. 局域网/WSL 访问 — `--allow-lan`、`netsh portproxy`、防火墙
+7. AI Provider 环境变量与构建 — `aiprovider/.env`、`~/.zshrc`、`PLANET_LOAD_ZSHRC_ENV`
+8. 故障排查顺序 — 现 manual 末尾那段，原样搬来
+9. 开发命令约定 — Bun、`bun run build`、为什么不用 npm
+
+## documentation-coverage-rules.md 增量
+
+在现有"覆盖清单"末尾新增一段：
+
+> **受众分层（强制）**
+>
+> - 客户/最终用户能在浏览器里完成的操作 → 只写到 `manual.md` / `quickstart.md`
+> - 需要 SSH/shell/Docker/`planet.sh`/日志文件路径/端口转发 → 只写到 `ops-runbook.md`（或现有 `ops-*.md`），**禁止**出现在 manual/quickstart
+> - 同一动作两种入口（如"创建用户"既能 UI 也能 CLI）→ UI 路径写 manual.md，CLI 路径写 ops-runbook.md，互相用一句话相互引用
+> - 新增客户可见 UI 流 → 同时更新 `manual.md` zh+en 与 `docs-content.ts`
+> - 新增 ops 命令或脚本 → 只更新 `ops-runbook.md` zh+en
+
+## .claude/commands/docs.md 增量
+
+在 "Step 2 — Decide Scope" 后插一段：
+
+> **Document Audience Routing (Planet)**
+>
+> 在 Planet 仓库内，写文档前先判断动作的执行者：
+>
+> - 浏览器 UI 用户 → `docs/technical/{zh,en}/manual.md` / `quickstart.md`
+> - shell/容器/运维 → `docs/technical/{zh,en}/ops-runbook.md` 或现有 `ops-*.md`
+> - 二次开发者 → 现有 `*-context.md` / `backend-*.md`
+>
+> 永远不要把 shell 命令、日志路径、Docker 操作写进 manual/quickstart；永远不要把 UI 截图/按钮路径写进 ops-*。
+
+## 关键文件清单
+
+- `docs/technical/zh/manual.md` & `en/manual.md` — 重写
+- `docs/technical/zh/quickstart.md` & `en/quickstart.md` — 重写
+- `docs/technical/zh/ops-runbook.md` & `en/ops-runbook.md` *(新)*
+- `docs/documentation-coverage-rules.md` — 加受众分层段
+- `.claude/commands/docs.md` — 加 Document Audience Routing 段
+- `frontend/src/pages/Docs/docs-content.ts` — 注册 `ops-runbook` 到 `DOCS_METADATA`（`docs_admin` 组）
+
+## 依赖
+
+manual.md 的"注册账户"和"登录与找回密码"两章需要前后端注册/验证流程已经落地，否则文档会描述不存在的功能。注册功能本身见 [用户公开注册与邮箱验证计划](/home/ray/dev/linkong/planet/docs/plans/user-registration-email-verification-plan.md)。建议先实现注册再重写 manual，避免文档与代码错位。
+
+## 验证
+
+- `rg -n 'planet\.sh' docs/technical/zh/manual.md docs/technical/en/manual.md docs/technical/zh/quickstart.md docs/technical/en/quickstart.md` 应该为空
+- `rg -n '注册账户|register|邮箱验证' docs/technical/zh/manual.md docs/technical/en/manual.md` 应该有命中
+- `rg -n 'planet\.sh' docs/technical/zh/ops-runbook.md docs/technical/en/ops-runbook.md` 应该有命中
+- `frontend/src/pages/Docs/docs-content.ts` 中 `ops-runbook` 出现且分组为 `docs_admin`
+- zh/en manual 章节标题对齐（按 `documentation-coverage-rules.md` 现有要求）
+- Docs 站点访问：未登录看 manual/quickstart 正常；非 `docs_admin` 用户看不到 `ops-runbook`；`admin` 能看到

docs/plans/docs-gatekeeper-auth-plan.md

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+# Docs Gatekeeper 鉴权系统计划
+
+**状态**：已实现，当前行为见 [Docs Gatekeeper 开发说明](/home/ray/dev/linkong/planet/docs/technical/zh/docs-gatekeeper-development.md)  
+**创建日期**：2026-05-08  
+**核心目标**：把 `/docs` 从前端公开打包 Markdown 改成后端受控读取，并通过用户 Gatekeeper 权限组划分公开文档、用户文档、开发文档和管理/运维文档。
+
+## 背景
+
+当前 Docs 页面通过前端 `import.meta.glob(...?raw)` 把 `docs/technical/{zh,en}` 中注册过的 Markdown 直接打进前端 bundle。即使在前端隐藏目录或增加路由守卫，受保护 Markdown 仍可能出现在构建产物中，无法形成真正鉴权。
+
+本阶段需要把文档正文读取迁到后端，并让后端根据当前用户身份返回可见目录和正文。Earth 仍保持公开访问，其它控制台模块暂不改变既有鉴权。
+
+## 鉴权模型
+
+保留现有 `users.role`，新增 `gatekeeper_groups` 作为可叠加的权限组。`role` 继续用于控制台和系统操作；Gatekeeper 只负责 Docs 等内容权限。
+
+默认权限：
+
+| 身份 | 默认 Docs 能力 |
+| --- | --- |
+| 未登录访客 | `public` |
+| 普通登录用户 | `public`，以及用户被分配的 Gatekeeper 组 |
+| `admin` | `docs_admin`，并隐含 `docs_developer` / `docs_user` |
+| `super_admin` | 全部 Docs 权限 |
+
+Gatekeeper 组：
+
+- `docs_user`：登录用户操作类文档。
+- `docs_developer`：开发、前端、后端、Earth 实现文档。
+- `docs_admin`：运维、服务控制、凭证、环境变量和敏感操作文档。
+
+## 初步文档划分
+
+`public`：
+
+- `README.md`
+- `quickstart.md`
+- `manual.md`
+
+`docs_developer`：
+
+- `earth-frontend-context.md`
+- `earth-interactable-usage.md`
+- `earth-layer-style-reference.md`
+- `earth-render-layer-order.md`
+- `earth-satellite-footprint-policy.md`
+- `earth-bgp-context.md`
+- `earth-news-live-streams-collector-format.md`
+- `earth-toolbar-overlay-coordination.md`
+- `frontend-admin-frontend-context.md`
+- `frontend-layout-guidelines.md`
+- `backend-collectors.md`
+- `datasource-collector-settings-connectivity.md`
+- `backend-datasources-api-performance.md`
+- `agents-aiprovider.md`
+
+`docs_admin`：
+
+- `backend-system-service-control.md`
+- `ops-docker-compose-buildx-upgrade.md`
+- `ops-planet-sh-startup.md`
+
+## 实施要点
+
+后端新增：
+
+- `GET /api/v1/docs/catalog`：返回当前用户可见文档目录；未登录只返回 `public`。
+- `GET /api/v1/docs/{lang}/{slug}`：返回单篇 Markdown；未登录访问受保护文档返回 `401`，已登录无权限返回 `403`。
+- 服务端维护文档 metadata 白名单，禁止任意路径读取。
+
+用户管理新增：
+
+- `users.gatekeeper_groups` JSON 字段。
+- 用户列表、创建和编辑支持展示/配置 Gatekeeper 权限组。
+- 只有 `super_admin` 能编辑 Gatekeeper 权限组。
+
+前端 Docs 改造：
+
+- 移除 Markdown raw import 作为正文来源。
+- 从后端 catalog 构建目录和搜索记录。
+- 从后端 content API 加载正文。
+- 对 `401` 显示登录入口，对 `403` 显示无权限提示。
+
+## 验证
+
+- 未登录用户只能看到和读取 `public` 文档。
+- 未登录直接访问受保护文档返回 `401` 并显示登录提示。
+- 无 Gatekeeper 组的普通用户访问开发文档返回 `403`。
+- `docs_developer` 用户能读开发文档，不能读管理/运维文档。
+- `admin` 和 `super_admin` 能读管理/运维文档。
+- 未知 slug、未知语言和路径穿越字符串不能读取文件。
+- 前端构建产物不再包含受保护 Markdown raw import 生成的文档模块。

docs/plans/earth-mobile-center-country-highlight-plan.md

@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+# Earth Mobile Center Country Highlight Plan
+
+## Goal
+
+移动端打开 Earth 国界图层后，用屏幕中心，也就是当前镜头正对的地球表面位置，自动识别所在国家，并高亮该国家国界。
+
+桌面端仍保持现有 hover 行为。移动端不引入新的国界渲染体系，而是复用已有 `country-boundaries.js` 的 GeoJSON 命中和 hover 高亮能力。
+
+## Criteria for success
+
+1. 移动端 `layout-mode-mobile` 下，国界图层开启后，屏幕中心所在国家会自动高亮。
+2. 移动端旋转、缩放、巡航或自动旋转地球时，高亮会跟随镜头中心更新。
+3. 屏幕中心落在海洋或没有命中地球时，国家高亮会清除。
+4. 国界图层关闭时，不执行中心国家识别，也不显示残留高亮。
+5. 桌面端 pointer hover 行为保持不变。
+6. 移动端抽屉、搜索、设置、媒体、详情等前景 UI 打开时，不因为用户操作 UI 产生明显误高亮或抖动。
+7. 中心识别有节流或状态缓存，不把 GeoJSON point-in-polygon 检测放到无条件每帧高频执行。
+8. 实现后能通过本地静态检查或前端构建，并用移动端 viewport 手动或 Playwright 验证核心场景。
+
+## Existing pieces
+
+当前项目已经具备大部分基础能力：
+
+- [frontend/public/earth/js/country-boundaries.js](/home/ray/dev/linkong/planet/frontend/public/earth/js/country-boundaries.js)
+  - `updateCountryBoundaryHover(coords)`：根据 `{ lat, lon }` 命中国家并更新高亮线。
+  - `clearCountryBoundaryHover()`：清除当前 hover 高亮。
+  - `getShowCountryBoundaries()`：判断国界线图层是否可见。
+- [frontend/public/earth/js/utils.js](/home/ray/dev/linkong/planet/frontend/public/earth/js/utils.js)
+  - `screenToEarthCoords(clientX, clientY, camera, earth, domElement)`：屏幕坐标 raycast 到地球表面。
+  - `vector3ToLatLon(vector)`：地球本地坐标转经纬度。
+- [frontend/public/earth/js/constants.js](/home/ray/dev/linkong/planet/frontend/public/earth/js/constants.js)
+  - `COUNTRY_BOUNDARY_CONFIG` 已定义普通国界线和 hover 国界线样式。
+- 移动端布局状态已经通过 `layout-mode-mobile` body class 区分。
+
+因此本需求的核心不是新增图层，而是补一个移动端中心取点控制器。
+
+## Non-goals
+
+- 不改变桌面端 hover 交互。
+- 不替换 `countries-admin0.min.geojson` 数据源。
+- 不新增后端 API。
+- 不把国家面填充做成新的 selected country 面状 shader。
+- 不为移动端增加永久准星 UI，除非后续产品明确需要视觉准星。
+
+## Implementation plan
+
+### 1. Add a small mobile center hover controller
+
+新增一个轻量函数，建议放在现有主循环附近或单独模块，例如：
+
+```text
+frontend/public/earth/js/mobile-center-country-highlight.js
+```
+
+建议导出：
+
+```js
+updateMobileCenterCountryHighlight({
+  camera,
+  earth,
+  renderer,
+  now,
+  isBlocked,
+});
+
+clearMobileCenterCountryHighlight();
+```
+
+职责：
+
+1. 判断是否处于移动端。
+2. 判断国界图层是否开启。
+3. 判断当前是否被移动端前景 UI 阻塞。
+4. 对 renderer canvas 中心点做 raycast。
+5. 命中地球后转经纬度。
+6. 调用 `updateCountryBoundaryHover({ lat, lon })`。
+7. 无命中或禁用时调用 `clearCountryBoundaryHover()`。
+
+### 2. Use canvas center, not window center
+
+中心点应基于 renderer canvas rect 计算：
+
+```js
+const rect = renderer.domElement.getBoundingClientRect();
+const clientX = rect.left + rect.width / 2;
+const clientY = rect.top + rect.height / 2;
+```
+
+这样在移动端安全区、地址栏变化、viewport resize 或 canvas 非全屏时仍然准确。
+
+### 3. Convert center point into country hover coords
+
+复用已有工具：
+
+```js
+const point = screenToEarthCoords(clientX, clientY, camera, earth, renderer.domElement);
+if (!point) {
+  clearCountryBoundaryHover();
+  return;
+}
+
+const coords = vector3ToLatLon(point);
+updateCountryBoundaryHover(coords);
+```
+
+注意：`screenToEarthCoords` 返回的是 earth local point，符合 `vector3ToLatLon` 的输入语义。
+
+### 4. Gate updates by mobile and foreground UI state
+
+建议新增一个本地判断函数：
+
+```js
+function isMobileCenterCountryHighlightBlocked() {
+  return (
+    !document.body.classList.contains("layout-mode-mobile") ||
+    document.body.classList.contains("earth-search-open") ||
+    document.body.classList.contains("earth-settings-open") ||
+    document.body.classList.contains("earth-media-open") ||
+    document.body.classList.contains("earth-info-open")
+  );
+}
+```
+
+如果移动端抽屉只是半收起、且没有覆盖中心视野，可以继续允许中心高亮。若实际体验里抽屉展开会遮挡中心点，再把 drawer open 状态纳入阻塞条件。
+
+### 5. Throttle and cache center updates
+
+GeoJSON polygon 命中不应该无条件每帧执行。
+
+第一版建议：
+
+- `throttleMs = 120`
+- 缓存上次经纬度，中心点变化小于 `0.05` 度时跳过。
+- 禁用、切回桌面、图层关闭、UI 阻塞时立即清除一次高亮。
+
+伪代码：
+
+```js
+if (now - lastUpdateAt < 120) return;
+if (Math.abs(coords.lat - lastLat) < 0.05 && Math.abs(coords.lon - lastLon) < 0.05) return;
+```
+
+### 6. Wire into the Earth animation loop
+
+在 [frontend/public/earth/js/main.js](/home/ray/dev/linkong/planet/frontend/public/earth/js/main.js) 的动画循环中调用：
+
+```js
+updateMobileCenterCountryHighlight({
+  camera,
+  earth,
+  renderer,
+  now: performance.now(),
+  isBlocked: isMobileCenterCountryHighlightBlocked(),
+});
+```
+
+这样自动旋转、手势旋转、缩放和巡航都会自然更新。
+
+### 7. Keep desktop hover unchanged
+
+桌面 pointer hover 仍然走当前逻辑。
+
+移动端中心高亮只在 `layout-mode-mobile` 下生效，不应该监听 pointer move，也不应该抢占 desktop hover 状态。
+
+### 8. Optional visual tuning
+
+第一版复用：
+
+- `COUNTRY_BOUNDARY_CONFIG.hoverLineColor`
+- `COUNTRY_BOUNDARY_CONFIG.hoverLineOpacity`
+- `COUNTRY_BOUNDARY_CONFIG.hoverGlowOpacity`
+
+如果移动端体验太强，可以后续加独立配置：
+
+```js
+mobileCenterHoverLineOpacity
+mobileCenterHoverGlowOpacity
+```
+
+但第一版不建议过早分叉样式。
+
+## Verification
+
+### Static checks
+
+1. `npm` 前端构建或现有 lint/typecheck 命令通过。
+2. `rg` 确认新增函数只在移动端路径调用，不影响桌面 pointer hover。
+3. `git diff --stat` 和目标文件 diff 确认改动范围集中。
+
+### Manual mobile checks
+
+使用移动端 viewport，例如 390x844：
+
+1. 打开 Earth。
+2. 开启国界图层。
+3. 转动地球到中国、美国、澳大利亚等大块陆地区域，确认中心国家国界高亮。
+4. 转动到太平洋或印度洋，确认高亮消失。
+5. 缩放地球，确认高亮仍跟随中心点。
+6. 打开移动端搜索、设置、媒体或详情面板，确认没有明显误高亮或抖动。
+7. 切回桌面 viewport，确认 hover 仍由鼠标位置控制。
+
+### Playwright smoke check
+
+如果已有 Playwright 流程，建议补一个移动端 smoke：
+
+1. 设置 viewport 为手机尺寸。
+2. 打开 Earth 页面。
+3. 开启国界图层。
+4. 等待国界数据加载。
+5. 截图确认中心附近国家边界有 hover 高亮线。
+
+这个 smoke 不必断言具体国家名称，因为当前功能核心是视觉高亮；更稳定的自动化可以后续通过暴露 debug state 实现。
+
+## Risks and mitigations
+
+### Polygon hit cost too高
+
+风险：移动端设备上频繁 `featureContains` 可能带来卡顿。
+
+缓解：
+
+- 使用 `120ms` 节流。
+- 经纬度变化小于阈值时跳过。
+- 后续如仍慢，再为 GeoJSON features 预计算 bbox，先 bbox 粗筛再 point-in-polygon。
+
+### UI blocking state 不完整
+
+风险：某些移动端前景 UI 没有对应 body class，中心点被遮挡但高亮仍更新。
+
+缓解：
+
+- 第一版覆盖现有主要 class。
+- 验证时记录遗漏项，补充到 `isMobileCenterCountryHighlightBlocked()`。
+
+### Desktop hover 被移动端状态污染
+
+风险：移动端中心高亮和桌面 hover 共用 `_hoveredFeature` 状态。
+
+缓解：
+
+- 只在 `layout-mode-mobile` 下运行中心高亮。
+- 切出 mobile 或图层关闭时调用一次 `clearCountryBoundaryHover()`。
+- 不改 `updateCountryBoundaryHover()` 的语义。
+
+## Milestones
+
+1. 设计落地：完成本 plan，明确目标和验收标准。
+2. 最小实现：新增移动端中心取点 controller，并接入 animation loop。
+3. 性能保护：加入节流、经纬度阈值和禁用态清理。
+4. 验证：本地构建通过，移动端 viewport 手动检查通过。
+5. 调优：根据截图或真机体验微调阻塞条件和节流阈值。
+